Transcript chapter 15 - Pearson Education

1865-1877
CHAPTER
15
In the Wake of War:
Consolidating a
Triumphant Union
CREATED EQUAL
JONES  WOOD  MAY  BORSTELMANN  RUIZ
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“The Black Hills belong to me. If
the whites try to take them, I will
fight.”
Sitting Bull
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TIMELINE
1865
Freedman’s Bureau
Andrew Johnson, President
Thirteenth Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment passed
Sherman promises 40 acres and a mule
1866
Ku Klux Klan formed
The Mineral Act
The Southern Homestead Act
The Equal Rights Association
The National Labor Union founded
1867
Reconstruction Act passed by Congress
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TIMELINE
1868
Ulysses S. Grant elected President
Custer’s massacre at Washita River
Burlingame Treaty
1869
Fifteenth Amendment passed
1871
Ku Klux Klan Act passed by Congress
Whitman’s “Democratic Vistas”
1872
The Apex Mining Act
Yellowstone Park created
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TIMELINE
1873
The Timbur Culture Act
Nationwide Depression
1875
Civil Rights Act
1876
Presidential Election (Tilden-Hayes)
1877
Desert Land Act
1878
Greenback Labor Party formed
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IN THE WAKE OF WAR
Overview
 The Struggle over the South
 Claiming Territory for the Union
 The Republican Vision and Its
Limits
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THE STRUGGLE OVER
THE SOUTH
 Wartime Preludes to Postwar Policies
 Presidential Reconstruction, 1865–1867
 The Southern Postwar Labor Problem
 Building Free Communities
 Landscapes and Soundscapes of Freedom
 Congressional, or “Radical,” Reconstruction
 The Remarkable Career of Blanche K. Bruce
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Wartime Preludes to
Postwar Policies
 Rehearsals for Restoration
 The Sea Islands of Port Royal Sound, South Carolina
 New Orleans, southern Louisiana
 Pledges and Oaths
 The Ten Percent Plan: New government for states for 10%
pledge of allegiance
 The Wade-Davis Bill: Required majority to take loyalty vote
 The Freedmen’s Bureau
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Presidential Reconstruction,
1865–1867
 Andrew Johnson’s proclamations
 Report on the Condition of the South
 Black codes
 State laws with vague provisions used to
imprison blacks or enforce labor
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Presidential Reconstruction
 The Thirteenth Amendment
 The Fourteenth Amendment
 Carpetbaggers and scalawags
 Ku Klux Klan
 November, 1866: Republicans gain
majority in both houses
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The Southern Postwar
Labor Problem
 The Freedman’s Bureau
 Liaison between freed people and southern whites
 Free labor system with annual contracts
 General Sherman’s Field Order Number
15
 Forty acres and a mule
 Sharecroppers
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Building Free Communities
 The new order
 Public accommodation laws
 Black conventions
 The ability to vote, own land, and educate
children
 Self-help organizations and black churches
 Valued family ties
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Radical Reconstruction
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Landscapes and
Soundscapes of Freedom
 The new black communities
 Their own churches, black soldiers, fashionably
dressed black women
 Sounds of black celebrations, “Day of Jubilee”
 Reaction of some whites to silence the new
communities
 Savannah, GA: closed parks
 Emerging Ku Klux Klan
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Congressional Reconstruction:
The Radicals’ Plan
 Reconstruction Act of 1867, Tenure of
Office Act, Command of the Army Act
 Denied vote to thousands of former
confederates
 Confederate states must ratify 14th
amendment to be in Union
 Guaranteed black men the vote
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Congressional Reconstruction:
The Radicals’ Plan
 Union Leagues and black elected officials
 Johnson impeachment: 1868
 Grant elected in November, 1868
 The Fifteenth Amendment
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Radical Reconstruction
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The Remarkable Career of
Blanche K. Bruce
 Born in 1841, as a slave taught himself
to read, escaped slavery, established
first school for blacks, went to college
(although unable to afford to
continue), voter registrar to U.S.
Senator, and wealthy landowner.
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CLAIMING TERRITORY
FOR THE UNION
 Federal Military Campaigns Against
Western Indians
 The Postwar Western Labor Problem
 Land Use in an Expanding Nation
 Buying Territory for the Union
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Federal Military Campaigns
Against Western Indians
 1871: Federal government seeks to subdue
Native Americans
 Railroad expansion
 The Native American struggle
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Geronimo
Custer’s massacre at Washita river
Red Cloud’s peace delegations
Sitting Bull: “The Black Hills belong to me.”
The Little Big Horn
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Plains Indian Wars, 1865–1900
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The Postwar Western
Labor Problem
 1865: Central Pacific goes east
 Central Pacific imports Chinese laborers
 1867: 5000 Chinese laborers strike
 1870: 40,000 Chinese in California and less
70,000 Indians
 Agribusiness’ growth in the West
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Land Use in an
Expanding Nation
 The Santa Fe Ring
 Railroads, minerals, and cattle
 The Apex Mining Act of 1872
 The National Parks system
 John Muir and Jay Cooke
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Buying Territory
for the Union
 America expanding
 The Alaska purchase
 $7.2 million for 591,004 acres full of fish, timber,
minerals, and water power
 The failed annexation of the Dominican
Republic
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THE REPUBLICAN VISION
AND ITS LIMITS
 Postbellum Origins of the Woman
Suffrage Movement
 Worker’s Organizations
 Political Corruption and the
Demise of Republican Idealism
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Postbellum Origins of the
Woman Suffrage Movement
 1866: Equal Rights Association
 1869: National Woman Suffrage
Association
 Stanton, Anthony, Stone, and Truth
 1872: Victoria Woodhull forms Equal
Rights Party and runs for President
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Worker’s Organizations
 1867: National Grange of the Patrons
of Husbandry
 1866: National Labor Union
 1868: Colored National Labor Union
 1869: Knights of Labor
 1878: Greenback Labor Party
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Political Corruption and
the Decline of
Republican Idealism
 1870’s: Tweed and Tammany Hall
 1872: Crédit Mobilier and Congress
 1875: Whiskey Ring
 1876: The Hayes-Tilden compromise
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The Compromise of 1877
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