Transcript The Civil War

The Civil War
Identification (4 Points)
• 1.Fort Sumter
Answer One
• Fort Sumter was where the first shots
of the Civil War occurred. The North
felt as though they had a right to
resupply their fort while the South felt
that the fort was within the
boundaries of a Southern State
(South Carolina).
Identification (4 Points)
• 2.Robert E. Lee
Answer Two
• Robert E. Lee was the South’s best
general. He was offered command
of the Union troops but remained
loyal to his State of Virginia which
had seceded.
Identification (4 Points)
• 3.Martial Law
Senator Thaddeus Stevens
Answer Three
• Martial Law is the suspension of
civilian rule and constitutional rights
and replacing them with military
rule. Lincoln used this extreme
strategy in the border states such as
Maryland and Kentucky to maintain
order and keep those states in the
Union.
Identification (4 Points)
• 4.Emancipation
Proclamation
Answer Four
• Emancipation Proclamation freed
the slaves in the conquered
territories of the Confederacy. It
renewed spirit in the north and
turned the war into a moral crusade
against slavery.
Identification (4 Points)
• 5.Ulysses S. Grant
Answer Five
• Ulysses S. Grant was the
commander of all the Union armies
at the end of the war. He employed
a strategy of attrition, utilizing his
superior numbers to defeat the
rebels.
Identification (4 Points)
• 6.Vicksburg
Answer Six
• Vicksburg was the site of a great
union victory for Grant. After this
victory, the North controlled the
Mississippi River and effectively split
the western states of the
Confederacy from the eastern
states.
Identification (4 Points)
• 7.Antietam
Answer Seven
• This was the bloodiest day of battle
in the Civil War. McClellan forced
Lee back to Virginia and stopped
him short of Washington D.C.
Identification (4 Points)
• 8.Clara Barton
Answer Eight
• Clara Barton was a famous nurse in
the Civil War who went on to found
the American Red Cross.
Identification (4 Points)
• 9.Radical
Republicans
Secretary of War Stanton
Answer Nine
• Radical Republicans were a group
of Republicans in the Senate and
House who sought to punish the
south and abolish slavery in the
United States. Lincoln needed their
votes in Congress and was forced to
go along with some of their
demands.
Identification (4 Points)
• 10.Habeas Corpus
Jefferson Davis
Answer Ten
• Habeas Corpus requires people who
are arrested to be brought to court
to show why they are being held.
Lincoln suspended Habeas Corpus
during the Civil War as a measure to
keep order and arrest people who
stirred up trouble in the North.
Identification (4 Points)
• 11.Conscription
Answer Eleven
• Conscription was the drafting of
soldiers into the army. Both the North
and South conscripted soldiers
during the civil war Draftees could
buy their way out of the draft by
paying the government $300 inn the
North.
Identification (4 Points)
• 12.Appomattox
Lee Surrendered in this Home
Answer Twelve
• Appomattox is the place in central
Virginia where Lee surrendered to
Grant. This was the final act of the
hostilities in the Civil War. Grant was
generous to Lee and his men when
dictating conditions of surrender.
Identification (4 Points)
• 13.John Wilkes
Booth
Answer Thirteen
• John Wilkes Booth was a fanatical
supporter of the Confederacy who
assassinated Lincoln at Ford’s
theater on April 14,1865.
Identification (4 Points)
• 14.Andrew
Johnson
Answer Fourteen
• Andrew Johnson was selected by
Lincoln as his Vice President for his
second term. He was a Democrat
from Tennessee who remained loyal
to the Union and took over for
Lincoln after he was shot.
Identification (4 Points)
• 15.William T.
Sherman
Answer Fifteen
• William T. Sherman was a Union
General who was assigned the task
of taking the western confederacy
and the deep south. He burned
Atlanta to the ground as well as
destroying much of the south as he
led his troops to Richmond.
Short Answer One
• List and explain the 3 advantages
discussed in class for the North and
South at the onset of the Civil War.
Railroads in the North
Answer
• North
• Population- Could wage a war of attrition
• 80% of the manufacturing in the country/banks/
transportation- Could finance and support a strong war
effort
• United Government- Federal government could make
decisions and implement them more easily than the south.
• South
• Defensive war- South knew the land and could fight
defensively rather than offensively
• Fighting for a cause- Had motivation
• Help from Europe- counted on Europe’s need for cotton
for her textile plants.
Short Answer Two
• List and explain 3 wartime strategies
discussed in class for the North and
South.
Lincoln at Antietam
Answer
• North
• 1.Blockade southern ports- take away south’s economy of
importing and exporting.
• 2.Split the Confederacy in three- cut off parts of the south from
one another
• Capture Richmond- capitol of the south
• South
• 1. Defend against raids- make the war into a defensive battle
• 2. Get Europe to Intercede- Have Europe as an economic and
military ally
• Wait until the war became unpopular in the North. Make the war
last long.
Short Answer Three
• Why was the Battle of Gettysburg so
significant?
Gettysburg
Answer
• Gettysburg is significant because it is
seen as the turning point of the war.
There were 23,000 Union casualties
and 28,000 Confederate casualties.
The south never fully recovered from
this loss of soldiers as they did not
have the population of the North to
replenish the dead.
Short Answer Four
• Describe the strategy that Grant
used to defeat the South in the Civil
War.
U.S. Grant
Answer
• Grant believed that the best way to win
the Civil War was to use the
overwhelming number advantage that
he had in soldiers to crush the south in a
war of attrition. Many of his plans
included massive losses to the North of
people as a cost of gaining land and
slowly wiping out the smaller southern
army. He also believed in nothing but
unconditional surrender for the south.