Transcript The Civil War So Far…

1864-1865: Bringing the War
to an End
Bringing the War to an End
Date
Name
May-June 1864
Overland Virginia Campaign
May-Sept, 1864
Atlanta Campaign
Nov 1864
Reelection of Abraham Lincoln
Sept - Dec 1864
Sherman’s March to the Sea
July 1864 – April 1865
Siege of Petersburg
April 9, 1865
Lee’s army surrenders
April 14, 1865
Abraham Lincoln is assassinated
April 26, 1865
Joseph Johnston’s army surrenders
Bringing the War to an End
Images courtesy of Library of Congress
•Born April 27, 1822
•Born Jan 18, 1807
•Graduate from West Point, 1843
•Graduate from West Point, 1829
•Served in the Mexican War
•Served in the Mexican War
•Shoe salesman before the War
•General in the Union Army before the war
•Commander all Union forces
•Lincoln asked Lee to head up the Union Army
•Refused because of loyalty to Virginia.
•Commander of all Confederate forces
Grant vs Lee
Bringing the War to an End
Overland Campaign
The Wilderness Battle:
May 5, 1864 The first battle
of the Overland Campaign and
was fought in Orange County,
Virginia
Winner: The Union
The Spotsylvania Court
House Battle:
May 6-7, 1864. Union troops
moved south to fight the next
battle at Spotsylvania Court
house just a day later.
Winner: The Union
Image Courtesy of the Library of Congress
Cold Harbor
The final major battle of the
Overland Campaign:
Cold Harbor Battle:
Hanover County, Virginia on
May 31- June 12, 1864.
Total casualties were more
than 70,000.
Winner: Confederates
.
Atlanta Campaign
The Atlanta Campaign was a series
of battles fought throughout Georgia.
Summer of 1864.
Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman
invaded Georgia, opposed by the
Confederate general Joseph E.
Johnston.
Atlanta fell on September 2, but total
casualties numbered over 66,000.
Winner Union
Election of 1864
Abraham Lincoln argued that the war
must be won, the slaves freed, and the
Union preserved at all costs.
George McClellan argued that the war
had gone on long enough and that the
South should be allowed to secede in order
to save American lives. This meant that
slavery would continue in the Southern
states.
Who won?
America chose, through the election
of Abraham Lincoln, to continue
fighting the war.
Why?
Word of the events in Georgia and Virginia
soon reached the capital.
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Sherman’s men left the city of Atlanta on
November 15, 1864, heading toward the
port at Savannah, on what would become
known as Sherman’s March to the
Sea.
Sherman believed that in order to end the
war he must destroy the Confederacy’s
war machine.
As he made his way to Savannah, he tore
up railroad lines and destroyed all warrelated industry.
Sherman destroyed much of the South’s
potential to wage war.
Winner: Union
Siege of Petersburg
The Petersburg Campaign was a
series of battles around Petersburg and
Richmond Virginia, fought between
June 1864 and April 1865.
Petersburg was crucial to the supply of
Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's army
and the Confederate capital of
Richmond.
Lee finally gave up and abandoned
both Richmond and Petersburg in
April 1865.
.
Confederate Surrender
General Lee surrendered to General Grant at
Appomattox, Virginia on April 9, 1865.
Image courtesy of the National Park Service
Terms of Surrender
•All officers and enlisted men in the
Confederate army could go back to their
homes.
•All military equipment and weapons
had to be given up to the Union.
Johnston Surrenders to Sherman
The last Confederate General
Johnston surrendered to
Union General Sherman on
April 26, 1865 in Durham,
North Carolina.
Civil War Casualties…...
• Union Dead:
364,511 • Confederate Dead:
• Union Wounded: 281,881 • Confederate Wounded:
_____
• Total Loss:
646,392
• Total Losses:
A Civil War soldier’s chance of NOT surviving the war
was about one in four
260,000
194,000
_______
454,000
Cost of the War
•Union: The war cost the U.S. government
$6 billion total.
•Confederates: The south spent about $4
billion on the war effort.
•Total: $10 billion dollars = $ 1.4 trillion
dollars in 2014