Transcript Confederate Army Casualties Killed in action or mortally wounded

Federal Army Casualties
• Killed in action = 110,100
• Mortally wounded = 67,088
• Died of Disease = 224,580
• Died as POW’s = 30,192
• Others = 24,881
• Total = 456,841 (another 275,175
were wounded)
Confederate Army Casualties
• Killed in action or mortally
wounded = 94,000
• Died of Disease = 164,000
• Died as POW’s = 31,000
• Total casualties, 1861 to 1865 =
283,026 (plus 194,026 wounded
in action)
US War Casualties
Civil War Battles: Casualties
Civil War: Service by population
Confederate military deaths by state
Union military deaths by state
Size of the Armies
• Jan, 1861-US=14,663; CSA = 0
• July, 1861-US=186,751; CSA=112K
• Jan, 1862-US=527,204; CSA=259K
• Jan, 1864-US=611,250; CSA= 278K
• May, 1865-US=1,000,516; CSA=
app. 300,000
Confederate Assets
• 1. Fighting a Defensive War.
• 2. Causes - self-determination, selfgovernment.
• 3. Best officers on the continent.
• 4. Way of life has prepared them (Gun
Culture - Hunters)
Northern Advantages
•
•
•
•
1. Farms (they had all the food)
2. Industry (all the factories too)
3. Population (have more people)
4. Navy (can blockade the south; no
imports or exports)
• 5. Railroads (troop and supply movers)
First Bull Run
• Union 35,000
• McDowell
• Northern came to
watch with their
picnic baskets.
• 2836 killed,
wounded, MIA
• Confed. 32,500
• Beauregard
• Johnson
reinforced. (used
the RR)
• “Stonewall”
Jackson
Importance of 1st Bull Run
• Confederate Victory
• Railroad proved to be very useful
• Confederacy could have won the war if
they would have attacked D.C.
• McClellan replaced McDowell, his
army is now 168,000 strong
• 54 men in battle will be southern
generals.
Out West
• U.S. Grant was responsible for
holding Kentucky in the Union.
• Grant’s theory - key to conquering
the South was the Tennessee and
Cumberland rivers.
• Must take Ft. Henry and Donelson
• … but Nathan Bedford Forrest was
at Ft. Donelson.
Shiloh
• April 6, 1862 - Pittsburgh Landing
• U.S. Grant vs. Albert S. Johnson
• “Bloody Shiloh” - U.S. Grant quote.
• Union - 13,047 dead, wounded,
missing.
• Confederacy - 10,694 dead,
wounded, missing
Importance of Shiloh
• Johnston (CSA) was killed. Shot
behind kneecap.
• Johnston was considered to be the
top General in the South at the
time.
• Grant removed from command,
Lincoln said “I can’t spare this
man; he fights!”
Second Bull Run
• August 29-30, 1862
• Rebels - Jackson, Longstreet, Hill
• Yankees - Pope and Porter
• Losses
–Union 14,462 killed, wounded,
missing
–Confederacy 9474 killed,
wounded, missing
Importance of 2nd Bull Run
• Major Confederate victory!
• South can now attack the North
• By the end of August, Lee had
whipped the army that faced him
outside Richmond, and the army
sent to rescue that army, and finally
transferred the fighting from
Richmond to D.C.
Antietam
• Sep. 17,1862 - Lee vs. McClellan
• Lee decided to help Maryland
secede. (Maryland, My Maryland)
• First time Army of North
Virginia fought the Army of the
Potomac.
• Lee was outnumbered 2 to 1.
Special Order 191
• Lee’s invasion plans were found
wrapped up in a bunch of cigars.
• McClellan said “Here is a paper
with which if I cannot whip
Bobbie Lee, I will be willing to
go home.”
Corn Field
• Union lost 2,200 men in 20 min.
• Retreated across the field and then
the Confederates attacked over the
same field and met the same fate.
• Not one corn stalk stood over 1” tall
after the fighting.
Importance of Antietam
• Losses - Union 12,410 kwm. Confederacy 11,172 kwm.
• Bloodiest single day of the war
• Emancipation Proclamation was
issued after the battle.
• McClellan did not pursue Lee’s
army, was replaced by Burnside.
Fredericksburg
• December 13, 1862
• Burnside v Lee
• 12653 kwm for Union
• 5378 kwm for Confederacy
• Burnside only used 17,000 men.
• “Fighting” Joe Hooker replaces
Burnside.
Chancellorsville
• May 1st-4th, 1863
• Union = 17,287 kwm. Confed. = 12,463
kwm
• Lee v Hooker
• “Stonewall” Jackson was shot by own
men and died of pneumonia.
• Hooker replaced by George Meade
• Lee can now attack northward again
Gettysburg
• July 1 - 3, 1863
• Confederates need shoes and
want to stop in Gettysburg on
their way to Harrisburg, PA.
• Meade is in charge of Union
Army
1st Day
• By the end of the 1st day, the
Confederate troops were in
charge of Seminary Ridge, and
the Union was in charge of
Cemetery Ridge.
• 24th Michigan lost 80% of its
men in the first day.
2nd Day
• Culp’s Hill, Devil’s Den, Peach
Orchard, Wheatfield, Little
Round Top.
• Famous defense of Little Round
Top by Joshua Chamberlain and
the 20th of Maine.
3rd Day
• Lee ordered Pickett’s
Charge at the Union center
against Longstreet’s advice.
This is often considered to
be the turning point of the
war.
After failing on the left and right,
Lee tries to break the Union in the
center. This is the largest
concentration of artillery ever
assembled in North America, but
Lee’s belief is that “they will
break in the center.” It is a
slaughter. The Confederates
withdraw to VA.
Lewis Armistead was the only
southern general to reach the top
of Cemetery Ridge.
Meade did not pursue Lee.
Lee retreated back to Va. with a
wagon train for the wounded 17
miles long!!
Timeline 1863
• July 1-3 Gettysburg
• July 4 Vicksburg siege ends.
• July 18 - ‘Negro Troops’ of the 54th
Mass. Assult Fort Wagner, SC.
• Sept. 19-20 - Chickamauga
• Nov 19 - Gettysburg Address
• Nov 23-25 - Chattanooga
•
•
•
•
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a
new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men
are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any
nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great
battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a
final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might
live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can
not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here,
have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will
little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what
they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the
unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.
It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for
which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve
that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall
have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the
people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Abraham Lincoln
November 19, 1863
•In the West on July 4th,
1863 Vicksburg
Surrendered. Grant had
accomplished a successful
siege.
•Lincoln states, “the father
of waters flows unvexed to
the sea.”
Chattanooga
• High ground at Missionary Ridge
and Lookout Mountain was held by
south.
• “Cracker Line”- Union food line,
infested food
• Lookout Mountain - “The Battle
Above the Clouds”, up to a 45%
slope!
Importance of Chat.
Sherman now has a starting
point for famous ‘March to the
Sea’.
Bragg’s army (Confederate) has
disappeared! (over 6,000 are
missing)
Timeline 1864
• May 5 - The Wilderness
• May 8 - 19 - Spotsylvania
• June 3, 1864 - Cold Harbor Virginia A costly mistake by Grant results in
7,000 Union casualties in twenty
minutes.
• June 15 - Siege of Petersburg begins
with Grant’s forces surrounding Lee.
• Aug 29 - Democrats nominate George
McClellan against Lincoln (1864 elec).
• Sept 2 - Atlanta is captured by
Sherman. The victory helps Lincoln’s
bid for re-election.
• Nov 15 - Sherman begins his March to
the Sea.
• Dec 21 - Sherman reaches Savannah.
Offers Lincoln Savannah for
Christmas.
As Sherman’s army marches
through the South, slaves follow
them to freedom. By Spring
1865, there are few enslaved
blacks in the South. The reason
for the war is almost gone.
Timeline 1865
• April 2 - Grant’s forces break through
Lee’s lines at Petersburg. Lee
evacuates Petersburg. Richmond is
evacuated.
• April 3 - Stars and Stripes are raised
over Richmond.
• April 9 - Lee surrenders to Grant at
Appomattox Court House.
Wilson’s Raid
Spring 1865: Union force raids
from TN to Montgomery, AL then
takes Columbus, GA and captures
Jefferson Davis (President of CSA).
There is almost no opposition. No
Southern manpower left.
In early 1865, Southern desertion
has grown to 12% per month even
though the penalty is death.
Politicians in the South blame
women for
luring men
home.
??
Food riots occur in the South.
Jefferson Davis blamed women
for their lack of sacrifice.
This makes
less sense than
the last one.
Appomattox Court House.
Timeline 1865 cont.
• April 14 - Lincoln is shot by John
Wilkes Booth.
• April 15 - 7:22am. Lincoln dies.
Andrew Johnson assumes
presidency.
• April 26 - John Wilkes Booth is
shot and killed in a tobacco barn in
Virginia.
Lincoln’s Assassination
• Lincoln and wife Mary see the play
“Our American Cousin” at Ford’s
Theater. At 10:13 p.m. During the
third act Booth shoots Lincoln in
the head. Doctors move Lincoln to
a house across the street. He never
regains consciousness.
Timeline 1865
• May 23/24 - A victory parade is
held in Washington along
Pennsylvania Ave.
• Dec 6 - The 13th Amendment is
passed by Congress. Slavery is
abolished.
Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy
Both presidents were elected to the presidency in '60.
Both presidents were elected to the House of Representatives in '46.
Both were runners-up for the party's nomination for vice-president in '56.
Both their Vice Presidents and successors were Southern Democrats named Johnson who were born in '08.
Both presidents were concerned with the problems of black Americans and made their views strongly known
in '63. Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation in 1862, which became law in 1863. In 1963, Kennedy
presented his reports to Congress on Civil Rights, and the same year was the famous March on Washington
for Jobs and Freedom.
Both presidents were shot in their heads.
Both presidents were shot from behind.
Both presidents were shot in presence of their wives.
Both presidents were shot on a Friday.
Both presidents were accompanied by another couple.
The male companion of the other couple was wounded by the assassin.
Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theatre; Kennedy was shot by Lee Harvey Oswald in a
Lincoln automobile, made by Ford.
Both presidents' last names have 7 letters.
Both presidents have five syllables in their full name (which counts Kennedy's middle initial).
There are 6 letters in each Johnson's first name.
Booth ran from a theatre to a warehouse; Oswald ran from a warehouse to a theatre.
Both assassins have 3-word and 15-letter names.
Both assassins were southerners who sympathized with organizations that were adversarial to the United
States.
Both assassins were killed within the same calendar month before they could be put on trial.
Both assassins were killed in states located immediately west of the states of their births.