Transcript File
THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT The beginning FYI Discussion reminders: Show respect for the views of others, listen to each other. Be concise about your comments so all can have a turn Let others express their views without interruption No personal slams (e.g. name-calling, put-downs) With your neighbor…. K – what do we Know? What can you recall about African American history up to the 1950s? 3-4 minutes African American History The slave trade Dred Scott Civil War Reconstruction Limitations to freedom Poll tax Grandfather clause Literacy tests African American History Jim Crow laws African American History Please get out your homework from yesterday Plessy v. Ferguson (1892) “separate but equal” doctrine African American History Lynchings – hangings/murders without court proceedings de-facto segregation NAACP (est.1909) 1920s/30s WWII In Sports Military desegregation With your neighbour . . . W – what do we Want to know? Historically, how did major changes for African Americans taken place? Laws usually had to be passed and enforced Why now? Why were the 1950s and 60s an opportune time for a national civil right movement? Blacks Migration Great Strong gained leadersrecognition emerged – African tofor Americans unite WWII a national efforts gained political power in northern cities movement Discrimination U.S. hurt propaganda battle WWII – foughtinracism abroad (the holocaust) with the U.S.S.R. What would you do? Has Lincoln theHS state iscollect inmet a community its obligation of high to provide unemployment an taxes equal Lee HS can substantially more in local and low-income education to students at best Lincoln HS andbrand Lee HS? from residents =families. attract teachers, new Why oriswhy computer center, wide-range of music/art Lee HS in anot? prosperous community in the classes same state. HS pays teachers below average, not even Lincoln one persame classroom, have Bothcomputer receive the amountelectives of funding perbeen pupil eliminated, athletics could be next from the state. What would you do? How do you respond? Imagine are a Lee HS student. You are What dotold youthat do to thetry new and state change law trying it? to equalize educational opportunities says that your school’s fund must be shared with Lincoln HS Budget cuts will mean that your school could lose its computer lab, and possibly funding for athletic, art and music events and classes. Beginnings of the Civil Rights Movement CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) Brown v. Board Before we read: Read the title What are the parts that the text is broken into? What can you expect when you read these sections? Number the paragraphs 1 through 9 Skim the text Skim the questions Circle any key terms that you come across Brown v. Board Read independently and answer the corresponding questions You have 10 minutes Brown v. Board Follow the verbal prompts and highlight the appropriate sections Compare your text with a neighbor’s What is the same? What is different? Why might you see differences? Brown v. Board Summarize: Linda Brown was denied admission to her neighborhood school She had to go across town to the all-black school Her parents with 3 others sued the Topeka school board Brown v. Board NAACP lawyer Thurgood Marshall took case all the way to the Supreme Court The ruling: “In the field of public education, the doctrine separate, but equal…was inherently unequal.” Brown v. Board In your small groups: How do ruling was Why do you you think think the the Court’s Court recognized received the huge in the South? psychological impact that segregated schools had on children who attended them? A constitutional scholar called the Brown ruling “the Supreme Court’s most important decision of the twentieth century.” Why do you think he made that claim Reactions How do you think the Court’s ruling for desegregation with “all deliberate speed” should have been interpreted? What do you think the result would have been had the Court demanded immediate desegregation? Brown v. Board cont’d Reactions The Effects: Ruling challenged segregation Anger & resistance “Southern Manifesto” Schools defied court until 1969 Ordered to desegregate “at once” and operate integrated schools “now and hereafter.” Things to think about Why do you think schools were the focus of the litigation that led to the decision in Brown v. Board? Is it more important for schools to be diverse and desegregated than the rest of society? What do you think are the possible problems and risks involved in using schools as the site of social reform? With your neighbor . . . L – what did we Learn?