Transcript SOL 5a,b,c Review

The Roaring 20’s
• Period of time between
1920-1929, when life in
American was
improving for most.
How was transportation improving?
• Cars became more affordable due to the assembly line.
– Henry Ford developed the assembly line - a system of chains,
conveyor belts , and slides that moved parts from one worker
to another. This is an example of lower-cost production.
• A more affordable
automobile also
provided:
– Greater mobility
– More jobs
– The ability to
move to the
suburbs and
commute to work
• The growth of
transportation
helped other
industries:
1. Gas
2. Oil
3. Steel
4. Road
construction.
Development of the Airplane
• On December 17, 1903,
at Kitty Hawk, North
Carolina, the Wright
Flyer became the first
powered, heavier-thanair machine to achieve
controlled, sustained
flight with a pilot
aboard. Created by
Orville and Wilbur
Wright.
What types of communication changes
were taking place?
• Increased availability of
phones
• Development of radio.
– Guglielmo Marconi
experimented with radio
waves to create wireless
communication
– David Sarnoff helped
develop the broadcast
industry.
Entertainment
• Development of movies
– In 1928 there were
20,000 movie theatres
across America
– Nickelodeons were
theatres where movies
cost $.05 each
– In 1928, Mickey Mouse
was developed
Electrification
• Labor-saving products
(e.g., washing
machines, electric
stoves, water pumps)
Electrification
• Electric lighting
• Improved
communication
• Entertainment
(e.g., radio)
Debate over Alcohol
• Prohibition, which was
still going on in the
1920’s, banned the
manufacture, sale, and
transportation of
Alcohol.
– More than 500,000
people arrested for
breaking the Prohibition
law
• Citizens blamed alcohol
for society’s problems:
– Family problems
– Crime
– Poverty
• In 1919 they won their
fight with the passage
of the 18th
Amendment.
– Banned the
manufacture, sale, and
transportation of
alcohol.
 In 1933 the 21st
Amendment was
passed, making alcohol
legal again.
• Bootleggers smuggled
illegal alcohol in and
promoted organized
crime.
• Speakeasies were
secret illegal clubs that
served alcoholic
beverages
Art
• Georgia O’Keefe - An
artist known for urban
scenes and later,
paintings of the
Southwest.
Literature
• F. Scott Fitzgerald-A
novelist who wrote
about the Jazz age of
the 1920’s
Literature
• John Steinbeck - A
novelist who
portrayed the
strength of poor
migrant workers
during the 1930’s
Music
• Aaron Copland and
George Gershwin
• -composers who wrote
uniquely American
music
The Great Migration North and West
• Jobs for African Americans in the South were
scarce and low paying.
• African Americans faced discrimination and
violence in the South.
• African Americans moved to northern cities in
search of better employment opportunities.
• African Americans also faced discrimination
and violence in the North.
The
Harlem Renaissance
• Harlem - is a
• Renaissance - A
neighborhood in the
revival of intellectual
New York City
or artistic
borough of
achievement and
Manhattan, long
vigor
known as a major
African American
cultural and business
center.
Harlem Renaissance
• African American
artists, writers, and
musicians based in
Harlem revealed the
freshness and variety
of African American
culture
Jacob Lawrence - Painter who chronicled the
experiences of the Great Migration North
through art
Literature
• Langston Hughes -Poet
who combined the
experiences of African
and American cultural
roots
Music
• Duke Ellington and
Louis Armstrong - Jazz
composers
• Bessie Smith - Blues
singer