Transcript The Civil War

The 1850’s and the
Road to Succession
&
The Civil War
(1861-1865)
Problems of Balance
in 1850
ß California statehood.
ß Southern “fire-eaters”
threatening
secession.
ß Underground RR & fugitive
slave issues:
Compromise of
1850
What was the Missouri
Compromise again?
Passed in 1820 between the proslavery and anti-slavery factions
regulating slavery in the western
territories.
Slavery okay in the former
Louisiana Territory north of the
parallel 36°30' north except within
the boundaries of the proposed
state of Missouri.
Kansas-Nebraska Act,
1854
Kansas-Nebraska Act,
1854
• The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854
(10 Stat. 277) created the territories
of Kansas and Nebraska, opened
new lands that would help settlement
in them and repealed the Missouri
Compromise of 1820.
• Allowed settlers in those territories
to determine if they would allow
slavery within their boundaries and to
settle there.
•Problems?
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border
“Ruffians”
(pro-slavery
Missourians)
Bleeding
Kansas
A struggle for control of
Kansas and opponents
of slavery.
Pro-slavery settlers from
Missouri arrived in
Kansas and settlers from
New England led by
John Brown clashed in
Kansas.
Dozens of settlers on
both sides were
slaughtered.
Foreshadowing maybe?
Tragic Prelude
By: John Curry
Depicting John Brown, an American abolitionist who preached
abolition by any means necessary.
John Brown’s Raid
on Harper’s Ferry, 1859
Birth of the Republican
Party, 1854
ß Northern Whigs.
ß Northern Democrats.
ß Free-Soilers.
ß Know-Nothings.
ß Other miscellaneous
opponents
of the Kansas-Nebraska
Act.
The “Know-Nothings”
American Party]
[The
ß Nativists.
ß AntiCatholics.
ß Antiimmigrants.
1849  Secret Order of the StarSpangled Banner
1856 Presidential
Election
√
James Buchanan
Democrat
John C. Frémont
Republican
Millard Fillmore
Whig
1856
Election
Results
The Dred
Scott Decision
In 1957 the Supreme Court
ruled that since private
ownership was outlined in
the Bill of Rights, the Federal
government could not
deprive anyone from owning
slaves, who were seen as
property.
Abolitionists were outraged
by this decision and felt that
Southern slaveholders had
too much power in
government.
The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois
Senate)
Debates, 1858
A House divided
against itself,
cannot stand.
Stephen
Douglas
& the
Freeport
Doctrine
Popular
Sovereignty?
√ Abraham
Lincoln
Republican
Stephen A.
Douglas
1860
Presiden
tial
Election
John Bell
Constitutional
Union
John C.
Breckinridge
Republican Party Platform in
1860
ß Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.]
ß Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].
ß No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a
disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].
ß Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the
Northwest].
ß Internal improvements [for the West] at federal
expense.
ß Free homesteads for the public domain [for
1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1
”Run!”
1860 Election: A Nation
Coming Apart?!
1860
Election
Results
Crittenden Compromise:
A Last Ditch Appeal to
Sanity
Senator John
J. Crittenden
(Know-NothingKY)
Secession!: SC Dec.
20, 1860
Fort Sumter: April 12,
1861
Rating the North & the South
Slave/Free States Population,
1861
Railroad Lines, 1860
Resources: North & the South
The Union & Confederacy in 1861
Men Present for Duty
in the Civil War
Ohio Military Service
Soldiers’ Occupations:
North/South Combined
Immigrants
as a %
of a State’s
Population
in
1860
The Leaders of the Confederacy
Pres. Jefferson Davis
VP Alexander Stevens
The Confederate “White House”
The Confederate Seal
MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”
A Northern View of Jeff Davis
North’s
Civil War
Strategy:
“Anaconda”
Plan
The “Anaconda” Plan
Lincoln’s Generals
Winfield Scott
Irwin McDowell
George McClellan
Joseph Hooker
Ambrose Burnside
Ulysses S. Grant
George Meade
George McClellan,
Again!
McClellan: I Can Do It All!
The Confederate Generals
“Stonewall” Jackson
Nathan Bedford
Forrest
George Pickett
Jeb Stuart
James Longstreet
Robert E. Lee
Battle of Bull Run
(1st Manassas)
July, 1861
Buy Your Way Out of Military Service
War in the East: 1861-1862
Battle of Antietam
“Bloodiest Single Day of the War up to This point”
September 17, 1862
23,000 casualties
The
Emancipation
Proclamation
African-American Recruiting Poster
The Famous 54th Massachusetts
August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert
Gould Shaw
African-Americans
in Civil War Battles
Black Troops Freeing Slaves
•Black soldiers made a
massive difference in the
war.
•After emancipation
many blacks joined the
war effort with 38,000
dying for the cause.
•Approximately 180,000
blacks fought for the
North, which helped to
shape a different view of
blacks in America.
Emancipation in 1863
The Southern View of Emancipation
Battle of Chancellorsville
General Lee won a
victory for the south in
this battle in North
Virginia.
Tragically, another
popular military
leader, General
“Stonewall Jackson”
was killed by friendly
fire.
The War in
the West, 1863:
Vicksburg
The Road to Gettysburg: 1863
Gettysburg Casualties
YouTube - Gettysburg Movie the best
part
The Gettysburg Address
“We here highly resolve that these dead
shall not have died in vain—that this
nation under God, shall have a new birth
of freedom-and that government of the
people, by the people, for the people shall
not perish form the earth”
- Abraham Lincoln Union War cemetery at
Gettysburg 1863
The North Initiates
the Draft, 1863
Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC
Recruiting Blacks in NYC
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
YouT
ube Gang
s of
New
York
Draft
Riots
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
A “Pogrom” Against Blacks
Inflation in the South
The Progress of War: 1861-1865
Sherman’s
“March
to the
Sea”
through
Georgia,
1864
1864 Election
Pres. Lincoln (R)
George McClellan (D)
The Peace Movement: Copperheads
Clement Vallandigham
1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster
Cartoon Lampoons Democratic
Copperheads in 1864
Presidential
Election
Results:
1864
The Final Virginia Campaign:
1864-1865
Surrender at Appomattox
April 9, 1865
Casualties on Both Sides
Civil War Casualties
in Comparison to Other Wars
Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)
The Assassin
John Wilkes Booth
The Assassination
WANTED~~!!
Now He Belongs to the Ages!
The Execution