Transcript Religion in the Baroque Period

Religion in the
Baroque Period
Raising of Lazarus, Caravaggio
Reformation
in
Catholic
Church
St. Ignatius Loyola, Francisco De Zurbaran
Spiritual Exercises, Ignatius Loyola
The Protestantism reformation had gained immense
power since Martin Luther began his crusade against the
Catholic Church in 1517. In response, seeing all the
power that is had lost, in 1540 the Catholic Church
began its own reformation. Heading the reformation was
Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Jesuits.
Spread of Catholicism
Catholic missionaries
of the monastic
orders traveled
extensively outside of
Europe.
The Jesuit order made
initial progress in
converting many of the
populace in both China
and Japan. The
conversion in Asia was
however short lived. In
China conflict arose over
Confucian rites and in
Japan, Catholics began
to be seen as seditious.
The Virgin of Guadalupe
The Catholic missionaries
had the largest, longest
lasting success in the
Spanish colonies of the New
World. To this day
Catholicism in the primary
religion in that part of the
world. Catholicism had taken
such an effect, that
missionaries of other faiths
never had much influence.
The Catholics of the New
World developed their
own concepts of the
faith, including the dark
skin Virgin pictured
above.
Council of Trent
Niceno-Constinople
Creed declared as
basis of faith
Reaffirmed all
7 sacraments
Cleared up
definition of
original sin
and its
consequences
Old and New
Testament canon
fixed
Council of Trent, Titian
Guidelines set for
to eliminate
abuses by clergy
Preaching to laity
emphasized
Declared Luther’s
doctrine for
justification by faith
alone incorrect
Intellectual life among clergy encouraged
Effects of the Catholic
Reformation
The fervent mysticism of the Catholic
Reformation can be seen in the literature and art
of the 16th and 17th centuries.
The Visions of St. Teresa are full of the passion of
the religion of the age. “May what was said be of
help that the true servant of God might pay no
attention to the scarecrows the devils set up in
order to cause fear.”
The Ecstasy of St. Teresa, Bernini
The Italian Baroque artists worked to
create animated portrayals of biblical
scenes which draw the viewer into the
scene as if they are a participant in the
story.
Judith Slaying Holofernes, Gentileschi
Baroque
Protestantism
Ascension, Rembrandt
The King James Bible
James I of England
wanted to create and
“authorized” English
version of the bible. He
commissioned the
creation of the King
James Bible which was
published in 1611.
The language of the King
James version of the
Bible is indicative of the
poetic language of the
Baroque, the language of
Shakespeare and Donne.
King James the I of England, Paulus Van Somer
King James Bible, 1611
Religious Fervor in
Northern Baroque arts
The great influence of the zealous Protestantism can be
seen in every part of the Northern Baroque culture, from
its literature and art to its music.
Both great poets of this period, John Donne and
John Milton, author of Paradise Lost were both
greatly inspired by their protestant faiths, there
works being of a very personal religious nature.
John Donne, Isaac Oliver
The greatest composer of the
Northern Baroque, Johann
Bach, was inspired in his
compositions by religious
sermons.
Johann Sebastian Bach, Elias Gottlob Haussman