Transcript Pageant 31+32 - Centennial School District

Pageant 31+32 Review
1920 Election
Warren G. Harding
• Elected in 1920 by promising “Return to
Normalcy”
• Suffered from a scandalous cabinet
• Dies Aug 2, 1923
Harding Appointments
• Some Good• Charles Evans
Hughes (State)
• Herbert Hoover
(Commerce)
• Andrew Mellon
9Treasury)
• Some not so Good• Albert B. Fall (Interior)
• Harry M. Daugherty
(Attorney General)
American Attitudes
• Denounced radical foreign ideas
• Condemned un-American life-styles
• Shunned diplomatic commitments to
foreign countries
• Restricted immigration
Red Scare
• Fear of international Communism
• Lead to the Palmer Raids
Palmer Raids
• Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer
• Arrested 6,000 suspected Communists
KKK
• Anti– Immigrant
– Catholic
– Jewish
Immigration Restrictions
• Emergency Quota Act of 1921based on 3% of nationality in U.S.
as of 1910
• Immigration Act of 1924- 2% as
of 1890- banned Japanese
Immigration Quota System
• Discriminated
directly against
southern and
eastern
Europeans
Prohibition
• Supported by the South and West
• Supported by women's groups and business
owners
• Volstead Act met most resistance in Eastern
cities
Scopes Trial
• Anti-Darwin legislation
• Fundamentalists fearing change
• Illustrated split between fundamentalists
and progressives
Calvin Coolidge
• Takes over when Harding dies
• Former Governor of Massachusetts
• Makes reputation by breaking the Boston
police strike
• Decides not to run in 1928
1924 Election
Mass Consumption
• Rapid expansion of capital investing
• Increase in advertising
• Cars, refrigerators, radios, etc.
Al Capone
• Famous gangster
• Ran operation in Chicago
Flapper Girls
• Symbolized the care free attitude of many
Charles Lindbergh
• First to fly solo across the Atlantic
Consumer Debt
• Involved with “prosperity”
of decade
• People buying many
goods on credit
• Buying on Marginpurchasing stock with little
money down
Henry Ford
• Produced relatively cheap cars
Automobile Revolution
• Led to– Consolidation of schools
– Spread of suburbs
– Loss of population in less attractive states
– Altered youthful sexual behavior
Radio and Motion Pictures
• KDKA- first radio station (Pittsburgh)
• Movies- talkies by the end of the decade
• Caused a loss of the diversity of immigrant
culture
Harlem Renaissance
• Flourishing of African American art,
literature and music
1920s Census
• Most people lived in cities
Jobs for Women
• Tended to cluster in a few low-paying
fields
Albert Fall
• Harding’s Secretary of Interior
• Involved in Teapot Dome Scandal- corrupt
handling of naval oil reserves
Economic Policies
• Actively assisted business
• Andrew Mellon- believed in rapid
expansion of capital investing
Economics
• Hoover- believed in self-regulation
• Post WWI- Railroads- unregulated
• Labor- no longer had support of
government- Steel Strike of 1919- broken
Muller and Adkins Cases
• Focused on the treatment of women in the
work place
Foreign Policy
• Isolationist
• “Observers” sent to League of Nations
• Kellogg-Briand Pact- ratified by 62
nations- only defensive war allowed
Disarmament
• Businesspeople were unwilling to help pay
for a larger US navy
Kellogg-Briand Pact
• Outlawed War as a solution to
international rivalry
Farmers
• No more WWI government purchases
• Mechanization was expensive, so farmers
produced more
• Set themselves up for disaster by
overproducing
Progressive Party
• Hurt by the prosperity of the 1920s
• People didn’t want economic change
Fordney-McCumber Tariff
• Increased tariff rates
• Made it difficult for European nations to
sell good in US
• Unable to raise money to repay WW I
loans
WW I War Debts
• US insisted GB and France pay debts in
full
• GB and France demanded reparation
payments from Germany
Washington Naval Conference
•
•
•
•
Set limits on naval tonnageGreat Britain and US- 525,000 tons
Japan- 315,000 tons
Allowed Japan to fortify Eastern
possessions
9 Power Treaty
• Assured an Open Door with China
Dawes Plan
• US Banker make loans to Germany
• Germany pays reparations to GB and France
• GB and France pay WWI loans to US
US
Germany
Great Britain + France
Hawley Smoot Tariff
• Deepened the world wide depression
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
• Established under Hoover to provide aid to
business and local governments
• Made loans to businesses and banks
Bonus Expeditionary Force
• Wanted payments for WW I service
• Payments were not due until 1945
Stimson Doctrine
• US would not recognize territorial gains
achieved by force
Herbert Hoover
• Easily defeats Alfred E. Smith in the
election of 1928
Hoover and the Great Depression
• Offered federal
assistance to
businesses and banks,
but not individuals