Transcript Chapter 24
Urban/Rural Clash
Modern vs Traditional
Get-rich-quick schemes obsessed the nation in the
1920s. Speculative ventures dominated the news and
diverted attention from the economy's flaws
CHAPTER 24
Changing times
Electricity, oil consumption, cigs, radio, watch
Machines replace workers
Demand high, prices low
Spend, spend, spend= installment buying,
credit
No money in savings
Construction boom
Auto industry
Standardization and mass production
Model T
Assembly line- $5/day, 40 hrs
Too repetitive, robotic, easily replaceable
Urban Sprawl
Garage, car parts, mechanics, gas stations, roads
Sign of Economic growth, transportation
revolution and a symbol
Business
Corporate consolidation- chains
Separation between poor and wealthy get
wider
Shareholders powerful
Scientific Management
Earnings back to corporation to research
and expand
Welfare capitalism- personal
management
Unions decrease: boycotting, individualism,
un-American
Consumer culture
Consumption=prosperity
Advertising desires-health, popularity,
social status
Installment buying (debt increases by
250%)
Culture
Less diverse due to new technology
Flapper
Margaret Sanger- American Birth Control
League
Technology
Higher Education
Equal Rights Amendment
Culture cont.
Media-nickelodeons, radio, magazines
Youth- education, peers not family, dating
not courting (after marriage still adhere to
conventional roles)
Charles Lindbergh –Spirit of St. Louis
Sports- Jack Dempsey, Babe Ruth, Red
Grange
Jazz- Louie Armstrong, Bessie Smith
Art- Georgia O’Keefe, Frank Lloyd Wright
Writers- Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald,
Ernest Hemmingway
Expatriates- leave US for artistic freedom
Harlem Renaissance
Literary and Artistic Movement spurred by
Great migration (push and pull factors)
Marcus Garvey UNIA- be proud, start society in
Africa
Assert your self into society
McKay
Zora Hughes
Nativism-white, protestant,
traditional
Traditionalists felt threatened by the changing
values of the New Era
New immigrants- Catholic and Jewish, in
poverty
Rise in KKK-Fear of change and conflicts
Influence in politics, undone by sex scandals and
money corruption
Sacco and Vanzetti- Anarchist and Italian,
electrocuted
National Origins Act- backed by Lodge
Up to 3% of each nationality living in US in 1910
“Noble Experiment” 18th amendment
Increased organized crime, Al Capone
Lowered drinking in low classes- couldn’t afford
bootleg prices
Couldn’t enforce the law- no public support
Pushed for by Rural Americans, Anti-Saloon
League and WCTU
Fundamentalism vs. Darwinism
F. literal interpretation of Bible- defender of
morals
Scopes (Monkey) trial- Darrow was defense with
Scopes
WJB prosecutor
Republicans
Lower taxes, higher tariffs, fewer antitrust suits, and more support for
private collaboration and consolidation characterized public policy.
Harding- Teapot Dome Scandal
Coolidge- minimalist govt.
Mellon- Treasury Secretary
Trickle Down
Reduce taxes for rich
Revered progress tax policies of
Wilson
Fordney-McCumber Tariff- increase
rates on manufactured and farm
goods
Hoover
Associationalism- stabilize the
economy through trade
Increase communication between
industries
Sponsor unions, pay decent wages
etc.
Government infused in business
Increases
wages
Rich
Increases
employment
invest
Increase
production
Distress
Farming
No govt price supports (from WWI)
Exports drop (Europe rebuilding)
Tried loans and fed. Supports – not enough
McNary Haugenism- raise farm prices by
selling abroad- fails
Problem-OVER PRODUCTION
Coolidge ignores imbalanced economy
Unrest and Arms
Dawes plan
Washington Naval conferencenaval disarment
Lack of money and peace
Kellogg-Briand Pact- outlaw war,
unenforceable
Election- political realignment
Hoover (Herbert) Republican
Dems- send in a catholic, split
between cities and immigrants and
rural farmers
Then pays
US
US loans
Germany
Then pays
Great B.
and
France