Transcript cells
Safety Write one safety rule and share with your table. Safety • What is proper lab attire? • Who is the first person you tell if there is an • • • • accident in the lab? Proper way to clean up glass? Proper way to heat a substance in a test tube? What do you do if you spill an acid on your skin? What is the first thing you should do when you enter the lab? Characteristics of Life Write a characteristic of life and share with your table. Characteristics of Life • • • • • • • • All living things are made of cells. All living things respond to their environment. Living things obtain and use energy. Living things maintain a constant internal environment. Living things grow and develop. Living things are based on an universal genetic code. Living things reproduce. Living things evolve (change over time). Characteristics of Life Any condition to which an organism responds is called a(n): Characteristics of Life Answer: Stimulus Examples of Stimuli?? Biomolecules Which 4 elements are found in the greatest abundance in all living things? Characteristics of Life Answer: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen make up 96% of all living things. Biomolecules Differentiate between monomers and polymers. Are these general or specific terms? Biomolecules Monomer building block Polymer long chain of repeating monomers General terms Biomolecules What is the monomer of carbohydrates? Biomolecules Answer: monosaccharides Biomolecules What elements are found in carbohydrates and in what ratio? Biomolecules Answer: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (CHO) 1:2:1 ratio Biomolecules What is the monomer of proteins? Biomolecules Answer: Proteins Biomolecules What elements are found in proteins? Biomolecules Answer: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen (CHON) Biomolecules What elements are found in lipids and in what ratio? Biomolecules Answer: Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen (CHO); 1:2:very few Biomolecules List a function of lipid and share with your table. Biomolecules 1) 2) 3) 4) Stores high amounts of energy Insulation Cushion organs Component of plasma membrane (phospholipids) Biomolecules List a function of nucleic acids and share with your table. Biomolecules 1) Store and carry genetic information. 2) Control heredity 3) Control the synthesis of proteins Polarity Define polarity by drawing a molecule of water. Polarity Properties of Water List and define a property of water and share with your table. Properties of Water Cohesion attraction of like substances (water molecules) Adhesion attraction of different substances (water and another substance) High specific heat High heat of vaporization Ice Float (ice is less dense as a solid) Cell Theory List one component of the cell theory and share with your table. Cell Theory All organisms are composed of cells. Cells are the smallest working unit of life. All cells come from pre-existing cells. Cell Theory Which two scientists expanded on Hooke and Leeuwenhoek’s findings stating that all living things are composed of cells. Cell Theory Schleiden & Schwann Cell Theory Which scientist said “all cells come from cells”? Cell Theory Rudolf Virchow Cell Theory What is the endosymbiotic theory? What two organelles are evidence to support this theory? Cell Theory Certain organelles were once free living cell themselves Evidence: Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own DNA Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic What is the main difference between prokarytoic and eukaryotic cells? Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Prokarytoic cells: no nucleus no membrane bound structures circular DNA unicellular bacteria Eukaryotic cells: nucleus membrane bound structures (organelles) linear DNA multicellular or unicellular plants and animals Plant vs Animal vs Bacteria cells Which cells types have a cell wall? Which have a plasma membrane? Plant vs Animal vs Bacteria cells Plant and bacteria cells have a cell wall. All cells have a plasma membrane. Plant cells What polysaccharide is found in the cell wall of plant cells? Plant cells Cellulose Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells What organelle is found in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells Answer: Ribosomes Plant vs Animal Cells What organelles are only found in plant cells? Plant vs Animal Cells Answer: chloroplast, cell wall, vacuole Plasma Membrane What is the primary function of the plasma membrane? Plasma Membrane Answer: Maintain homeostasis How does the plasma membrane maintain homeostasis? Plasma Membrane How does the plasma membrane maintain homeostasis? Plasma Membrane Answer: by being selectively permeable Plasma Membrane Which structure (letter) allow molecule in and out of the cell? Plasma Membrane B – Protein channels Plasma Membrane What do ‘A’ and ‘F’ represent? Plasma Membrane A – phospholipid bilayer; F - phospholipid Organelles What organelle uses glucose and oxygen to make ATP (cellular energy)? Organelles Answer: Mitochondria Organelles What is the difference between free ribosomes and bound ribosomes? Organelles Free ribosomes: synthesize proteins for use inside the cell Bound ribosomes: synthesize proteins for export out of the cell Organelles Which organelle synthesizes ribosomes? Organelles Answer: Nucleolus Organelles What is the function of lysosomes? Organelles Answer: rid the cell of cellular waste (detoxify) Organelles In which organelle does photosynthesis take place? Organelles Answer: chloroplast Converts solar energy into usable energy (glucose)