Transcript Introduction to Cells

Introduction to
Cells
MILLER AND LEVINE BIOLOGY 7.1 – 7.2
How do we know cells exist?

In 1665 Robert Hooke used an early microscope to examine a piece
of cork (plant material).
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At the same time, Anton van Leeuwenhoek used a single lens
microscope to examine pond water.
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Where did the term cells come from?
Cell Theory

Following the discovery of cells, scientists agreed that both plants
and animals are made of cells and are the smallest units of life. This
lead to a cornerstone of biology known as “Cell Theory”.
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Cell Theory states:
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All living things are made up of cells.
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Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things.
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New cells are produced from existing cells.
How do we study cells?

Light microscopes
How do we study cells?

Electron microscopes
Two major cell categories
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Prokaryotic
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Bacteria
Eukaryotic
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Animal cells
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Plant cells
What are the differences?
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
-
Generally smaller and simpler
- Generally larger and more
complex
-
DO NOT separate genetic material
- DO separate their genetic
in nucleus
in nucleus
Why are cells small?
How are cells organized?
Within the cell are various organelles
which you will read about in chapter 7.2
(Pg. 196)
Nucleus