Transcript Cells and Cell Theory

Cells and Cell Theory
Mr. Stoll and Miss Else
Biology
Room 314
Cell Theory
 Cells are the basic units of structure
and function in living things
 ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF
CELLS!
 Two objects were invented in Holland
~1600’s: a telescope and a
microscope
Van Leeuwenhoek
 Van Leeuwenhoek
was the first to
observe living cells
 He studied bacteria
from teeth and
protozoa from
pond water
 He used the
microscope to
study
MICROORGANISMS
http://www.nhc.ed.ac.uk/images/collections/invertebrates/protozoa/LgParasitic.jpg
Hooke
 Hooke used the
microscope to
study plant stems,
wood and cork
 Unable to observe
living cells, but
named them
“chamber cells”
 First to pioneer the
study of cells
http://www.microscopyu.com/galleries/smz1500/images/corkcellslarge.jpg
http://www.concord.org/~btinker/workbench_web/unitIV_revised/starch/images/leaf_cells_annot.jpg
http://woodscience.oregonstate.edu/images/RProgs_dougfircross(60).jpg
Other discoveries…
 Robert Brown saw
a dark structure
near center of the
cell, the nucleus
 Matthias Schleiden
stated all plants
are made up of
cells
 Theodor Schwann
stated animals are
made up of cells
too.
http://137.222.110.150/calnet/cellbio/image/typical%20cell%20nucleus-electron%20micrograph.jpg
http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/aencmed/targets/illus/ilt/T059292A.gif
http://137.222.110.150/calnet/cellbio/image/typical%20cell%20nucleus-electron%20micrograph.jpg
Cell Structures
 The cells of all organisms have 3
basic structures:
 Cell Membrane
 Nucleus
 Cytoplasm
 There are a few that are different
from plant to animal cells:
 Plants have Cell Walls and Vaculoes,
animals cells DO NOT
http://discover.edventures.com/images/termlib/c/cytoplasm/support.gif
http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/s2s/latest/cell1/src/images/cell_membrane.jpg
http://sun.menloschool.org/~birchler/cells/animals/nucleus/nucleus1.jpg
Prokaryotic Cells
 Lack membrane-bound
nucleus
 Genetic material is in
circular loops called
PLASMIDS
 Very small
 3 shapes:
 rod shaped
 Spherical
 Spiral
 Binary Fission
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html
Eukaryotic Cells
 Membrane-bound
nucleus
 Genetic material is
contained in the nucleus
 Eukaryotes are typically
multicellular
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Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protists
 Divide by sexual/asexual
reproduction
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/Image125.gif
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/earth/Life/images/celltypes.gif
http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/images/cells/allcell.jpg