Transcript Warmup: February 10, 2014

Warmup: Feb. 10, 2014
What do you think the world would be
like without fungi? Describe.
Warmup: February 11, 2014
Name three things found in a plant cell that
aren’t found in an animal cell. Describe what
they do.
Warmup February 12, 2014
1. How does a cell get nutrients and water?
2. What is the difference between exocytosis
and endocytosis?
Warmup: Feb 13, 2014
Objectives
1. Describe the characteristics of fungi
2. Distinguish between the four main groups of
fungi
3. Explain how lichens affect their environment
FUNGI
• They
are eukaryotic. (Their cells have
nuclei.)
• They are heterotrophs. (They cannot make
their own food.)
• Their cells have rigid cell walls.
• They have no chlorophyll.
• They produce reproductive cells called
spores.
1. hyphae- a thread-like
filament. Chains of cells
that have openings to
allow cytoplasm to move
between cells
2. mycellium- hyphae make
fungus grow together in a
twisted mass underground
(largest part of fungus)
Reproduction: sexual or asexual—by spores or when a piece of hyphae
breaks off and through “budding” forms a new cell
Nutrients: heterotrophs, secrete digestive juices onto
food and absorb the nutrients
Four kinds of fungi: (based on shape and way reproduce)
1. Threadlike fungi, sac fungi, club fungi, imperfect fungi
Threadlike: sexual or asexual reproduction, sporangia
produce spores (example: mold)
Sac fungi: largest group,
when sexual
reproducing, they form a
sac where spores are
(example: yeasts,
mildew, morels, some
used for vitamins and
antibiotics, some cause
disease
Club Fungi
Example: Mushrooms,
smuts, rusts,
puffballs. Some attack
corn and wheat,
reproduce sexually by
producing basidia
that are above the
ground.
Imperfect fungi
Some are harmful,
others are not.
Example: athlete’s
foot, aflatoxin
(poison that causes
cancer), penicillin,
cheeses, soy sauce.
Lichens
Combination of a
fungus and an
alga—even though
they are two
separate organisms,
they function as
one; very good
ecological
indicators; are able
to form soil as well
Questions for Tuesday: Feb. 11: Chapt 11 Sect 3
1. What are the four groups of fungi?
2. How does a mycorrhiza help both the plant and the fungus?
3. How are a hypha and a mycelium related?
4. What part of a club fungus grows above the ground? What part
grows below the ground?
5. What is the function of sporangia?
6. How are lichens different from fungi?
7. What is the difference between a lichen and a mycorrhiza?
8. Which group of fungi forms basidia during sexual reproduction?
Answers for Tuesday: Feb. 11: Chapt 11 Sect 3
1. club, imperfect, sac, threadlike
2. By a mutualistic relationship –plant provides nutrients, protects plant
from diseases
3. A group of the hyphae make up the mycelium
4. The spore-producing part; the mycelium grows below ground
5. To produce spores
6. They are a combination of fungus and alga, fungi do not produce
food through photosynthesis
7. A mycorrhiza is a relationship between a fungus and plant, a lichen
is between a fungus and alga
8. Club
Objectives
1. Describe the characteristics of fungi
2. Distinguish between the four main groups of
fungi
3. Explain how lichens affect their environment
Go over worksheet on kingdoms….
Practice with scientific method…
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is the problem?
What is the hypothesis?
What is the control?
What are the variables? Independent? Dependent?
What are 5 observations?
What are 5 inferences?
a conclusion reached on the
basis of evidence and
reasoning.
What are 5 predictions?
Kingdom Plantae-Objectives
1. What characteristics do all plants share?
2. What are two differences between plant
cells and animal cells?
3. What are the differences between seedless
vascular plants and nonvascular plants?
4. How can plants reproduce without seeds?
What is a plant??
-an organism that uses sunlight to make food
-cuticle-waxy layer that coats a plant’s leaves and stem
-how do plants stay upright?
-vascular vs nonvascular (how do vascular plants get
nutrients/water?)
Examples: mosses, liverworts, hornworts; ferns,
gymnosperms, angiosperms
-two types of vascular plants: gymnosperms
(nonflowering), angiosperms (flowering)
-do not have vascular
tissue to deliver water
and nutrients
-rhizoid-rootlike
structure to help
plants get water and
nutrients
-first to live in a new
environment
-peat moss
Seedless vascular plants
-lived 300mya
-formed coal and oil (fossil fuels)
-horsetails used in shampoos, club mosses, ferns
Questions-Chapt 12 Section 2
1. What are two differences between a rhizoid and a rhizome?
2. Make a Venn Diagram to compare vascular and nonvascular plants
3. What are two ways in which seedless nonvascular plants reproduce
asexually?
The Importance Of Observations
Chewing Gum experiment…