Transcript The Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation
DO NOW ASSIGNMENT
• Take a Renaissance handout from the
resource table. Complete the handout.
• Copy down these lesson objectives:
– Describe Christian humanism.
– Describe Luther’s role in the Reformation.
What caused the Protestant
Reformation?
• Christian humanism
– Believed in the ability of human beings to reason
and improve themselves
– Wanted to reform the Catholic Church
• Erasmus
– Wanted to reform the Catholic Church
– He developed the “philosophy of Christ,” meant to
show people how to live good lives on a daily basis
rather than how to achieve salvation.
– He did not want to break away from the church.
• People were calling for reform in part
because of the corruption in the
Catholic Church.
• Between 1450 and 1520 a series of
popes failed to meet Church’s spiritual
needs.
• They were more concerned with the
political interests.
• Julius II, the “warrior-pope,” even led
armies against his enemies.
• Indulgences: release from all or part of
punishment for sin.
Martin Luther
• Was a monk and a professor where he lectured on the
Bible.
• Through his study of the Bible, Luther began to reject the
Catholic teaching that both faith and good works were
necessary for salvation.
• He believed that human deeds were powerless to affect
God and that salvation was through faith alone.
• Justification by faith alone is the Protestant
Reformation’s chief teaching.
• The Bible, not the Church, became the primary source of
religious truth.
• The widespread selling of indulgences upset Luther.
• Legend says, Luther posted his Ninety-Five Theses on the
door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg. Who knows?
What historians do know is that he sent the letter to his
church superiors.
• The Ninety-five Theses attacked abuses in selling
indulgences.
• Thousands of copies were printed.
• Luther called the German princes to overthrow the
papacy and establish a reformed German church.
• The Church excommunicated Luther.
• Charles V summoned Luther to appear before him and the
Legislative Assembly and asked him to change his ideas.
He refused.
• Charles V issued the Edict of Worms which deemed
Luther an outlaw.
• Lutheranism became the first Protestant religion.
• Many individual rulers in the German states supported
Luther.
• Charles V was forced to make peace with the Lutheran
princes with the Peace of Augsburg.
• It accepted the division of Christianity.
• German states could choose between
Lutheranism and Catholicism.
• Rulers could choose their subjects’
religion.
• The settlement did not recognize the
rights of subjects to choose their own
religion.
• It did not recognize religious tolerance.
ASSIGNMENT
• Explain the significance of each of these
terms to the Protestant Reformation.
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Martin Luther
Christian humanism
Selling of indulgences
The Ninety-Five Theses
Printing
Lutheranism
Edict of Worms
The Peace of Augsburg