Transcript Week 6 power pointx

INTRODUCTION TO
AUDIOLOGY (SPHS 1100)
WEEK 6 POWER POINT
TOPICS
 TREATMENT OF CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS
 TREATMENT OF SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS
 TECHNOLOGY FOR HEARING IMPAIRED
GOALS and OBJECTIVES
GOAL
Students will learn about different treatment options
available for hearing impaired persons.
OBJECTIVES
 TLW identify different treatment options based on type
of hearing loss. (cognitive)
 TLW identify different technology options which can
be used with hearing impaired people.( cognitive)
TREATMENT OF CONDUCTIVE
HEARING LOSS
 Conductive hearing loss due to otitis media can be
treated with a course of antibiotics.
 Patients with serious otitis media can benefit from
myringotomy and removal of fluid in the middle ear.
 Hearing loss that results from obstruction of the
auditory canal because of foreign body can be
treated by removing obstruction.
 If the hearing loss continues, person might be
benefited with hearing aid.
 Speech therapy is rarely necessary.
TREATMENT OF SENSORINEURAL
HEARING LOSS
 Hearing loss cannot be medically treated.
 In mild to moderate hearing loss, amplification with
hearing aids and speech therapy might be beneficial .
 Severe to profound hearing loss children might be
benefited with cochlear implants.
TECHNOLOGY FOR HEARING
IMPAIRED
Technology does not cure hearing loss but it might help a
person with hearing loss to make the most use of their
residual hearing. There are many options such as
 Hearing aids
 Cochlear implants
 Bone-conduction hearing aids
 Other Assistive devices
HEARING AIDS
The purpose of a hearing aid for most people is to increase speech
intelligibility by making as much of the speech spectrum as possible
audible without making it so loud that it becomes uncomfortable.
They can be worn by people of any age. There are different styles of
hearing aids such as
 Body hearing aids.
 Behind-the ear hearing aids.
 Eyeglass hearing aids.
 In-the-ear hearing aids.
 In-the-canal hearing aids.
 Completely In-the-Canal hearing aids.
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
BODY HEARING AIDS
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
BODY HEARING AIDS
 Body-type hearing aids are rarely used today, for
patients with profound hearing loss.
 It contains the microphone, amplifier, circuit modifiers,
and battery compartment within a case that will be
clipped to the wearer’s clothing or worn in a pocket or
special pouch.
 Electrical signals are carried to a receiver by a cord
which is coupled to the patient’s ear through a
custom-fitted earmold.
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
BODY HEARING AIDS
 Body hearing aids can be worn clipped on to clothing, in a shirt
pocket or in a special harness that can be worn over or under
clothing.
 The microphone, amplifier, battery and controls are located
within the case of body aid and the receiver is snapped into a
receiver-type earmold and worn at ear level.
 A wire connects the receiver to the case of the hearing aid.
 Body aids provide considerably more gain and a broader
frequency response than other styles of hearing aids.
 They might be helpful for people with visual or dexterity problems.
 A disadvantage of body hearing aids is microphone location as
microphone is worn on the body, it is subject to clothing noise.
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
BEHIND-THE EAR HEARING AIDS
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
BEHIND-THE EAR HEARING AIDS
 In BTE hearing aids the microphone, amplifier,
battery, and receiver are all contained in a small
plastic case that fits on top of and behind the
pinna.
 Sound is delivered to the ear through a tube
connected to an earmold.
 They are highly adjustable, rugged and easily
serviced.
 They are appropriate for any degree of hearing loss
and for any age of client.
 They are less cosmetically appealing than in the
canal and in the ear hearing aids.
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
EYEGLASS HEARING AIDS
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
EYEGLASS HEARING AIDS
 In Eyeglass hearing aids the microphone, amplifier,
receiver, batteries and controls are located within
hollowed-out bows of eyeglass frames.
 The sound is delivered to the ear through a tube from the
frame to an earmold.
 They were popular in the 1960s for cosmetic reasons.
 They are convenient for people who wore both glasses
and a hearing aid.
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
IN-THE-EAR HEARING AIDS
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
IN-THE-EAR HEARING AIDS
 All of the components of hearing aid such as
microphone, amplifier and battery are located in a small
plastic case made from an impression of the wearer’s
concha and ear canal.
 The ITE hearing aid is currently the most popular style in
market.
 The popularity of it is due to its perceived cosmetic
appeal.
 People with mild to moderate hearing losses are
candidates for this type.
 People with profound hearing loss wont be able to use
this type because of feedback limit.
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
IN-THE-CANAL HEARING AIDS
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
IN-THE-CANAL HEARING AIDS
 These hearing aids are the smallest and most cosmetically
appealing of all of the hearing aid styles.
 The microphone, amplifier, receiver and battery are fit
within a small plastic case made from an impression of
the user’s ear canal.
 Only moderate amounts of gain can be obtained from
ITC hearing aids because of limitations imposed by
feedback.
 They tend to occlude the earcanal, which results in an
unnatural sound quality.
 The best candidates are people with mild to moderate,
flat, or gently sloping hearing losses.
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
COMPLETELY-IN-THE-CANAL HEARING AIDS
TYPES OF HEARING AIDS
COMPLETELY-IN-THE-CANAL HEARING AIDS
 The smallest instrument among all the hearing aids is the
completely-in-the-can hearing aid.
 It is deeply inserted in ears in the external auditory canal.
 They are designed for mild or moderate hearing losses.
 Some of the benefits of these hearing aids are cosmetic
appeal, easy use with telephones, lessening of wind-noise
problems, increase of the usable gain of the instrument, as
the amplified sound is closer to the tympanic membrane.
 Some of the disadvantages are they are expensive and
manual dexterity required to change the small batteries.
COCHLEAR IMPLANTS
COCHLEAR IMPLANTS
 Watch the following video on how the cochlear
implant works by People Productions.
COCHLEAR IMPLANTS

Some people with profound hearing losses receive little benefit from
conventional hearing aids because current hearing aid technology
does not amplify sound sufficiently to make speech and
environmental sounds audible. These people are candidates for
receiving cochlear implants.

They are designed to make auditory information audible by
converting sounds to electrical signals that stimulate the fibers of the
acoustic nerve.

It consists of a microphone, an external digital processor, an internal
receiver that is surgically placed under the skin behind the ear, and a
set of small electrodes implanted in the cochlea.

The microphone picks up the sounds and converts them in to
electrical signals, and a cord carries the electrical signals to the digital
processor.

The digital processor extracts selected information from the signals
and converts that information into a series of pulses that are carried
by another cord to the internal receiver and finally to the electrodes
in cochlea.
COCHLEAR IMPLANTS
 Children with profound hearing loss will be selected for
cochlear implants.
 The age range is 18 to 24 months of age.
 Active family support is the most important key to the
successful habilitation of children with a cochlear
implant.
 Universal new born hearing screening will help in
identifying the potential candidates for cochlear
implants.
 If the children are implanted before 2 years of age the
success rate is high.
BONE-CONDUCTION
HEARING AIDS
BONE-CONDUCTION
HEARING AIDS
 Bone conduction hearing aids may be suitable for
person unable to wear conventional hearing aids.
 This can be considered when a child has either a
conductive, mixed or unilateral hearing loss.
 They incorporate a special headband to deliver sound
through the skull by vibrations.
 They can be used with patients who has recurrent ear
drainage or hearing loss resulting from congenital
anomalies.
 The transducer is a vibrating receiver that is pressed
firmly against the mastoid process.
BONE-CONDUCTION
HEARING AIDS
 The transducer can be built within an eyeglass hearing
aid or a post-auricular instrument worn with a
headband, or coupled to a body-style hearing
instrument.
 As the skull stimulates both cochlea from a single
bone-conduction instrument, true binaural hearing,
arising from timing and intensity differences of sounds
reaching the two ears, is not attainable.