Transcript WWII - SASD Teacher Websites

WWII
The Rise of Hitler
Bell Work
• What comes to mind when you think of WWII?
Please write this definition into your notes.
• Totalitarian State: government in which a one-party
dictatorship regulates every aspect of citizens’ lives.
• Components:
a) There is only one political party to choose from
b) The state controls the economy
c) Police and spies are used to enforce the will of the state
d) The media is censored and controlled by the government
e) Schools and the media are used to indoctrinate and mobilize
citizens
f) Unquestioning obedience to a single leader
Central Question: How did Hitler gain control of Germany
and build a totalitarian state? (title)
The story of how Hitler came to
power and what he did once he
had it, is one of the most
powerful stories in history. As
we learn this story, we will treat
it like a novel – charting his rise
to power, the climax of his
control over the German people
in the Kristallnacht, and the
falling action of aftermath of
the final solution.
• Directions
• First we will look at conditions
in Germany at the end of WWI
• Then, we will popcorn through
p. 762-765 and use the graphic
organizer to answer our central
question.
Germany after WWI
• Event 1: The conditions of the Treaty of Versailles hurt the
German economy and shamed the German people
• Debt and Inflation
• The Kaiser is gone (abdicated during war) Replaced by the
Weimar Republic
• Constitution and Democratic system but weak leaders constantly
fight with each other
• Blamed for the Treaty of Versailles
• War guilt clause
• Restrictions on military
• The people want another Bismarck who will promise to
restore Germany to her former greatness
Propaganda
Bell Work
• What is propaganda?
8 Propaganda Techniques
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Name calling
Glittering generalities
Transfer
Testimonial
Plain folks
Bandwagon
Fear
Bad logic
Unwarranted extrapolation
These techniques
encourage you to follow
non-rational, emotional
drives and to NOT question
the information presented
instead take it at face value
They encourage you to use
a “we” v. “them” mentality
Name Calling
• Links a person, or idea, to a negative symbol. The propagandist who
uses this technique hopes that the audience will reject the person or
the idea on the basis of the negative symbol, instead of looking at
the available evidence.
• The most obvious type of name calling involves bad names. For
example, consider the following:
• Commie
• Fascist
• Pig
• Yuppie
• Bum
• Queer
• Terrorist
Glittering Generalities
• Name Calling in reverse
• Our first and natural reaction is to assume that the speaker is
using the word in our sense, that he believes as we do on this
important subject. This lowers our 'sales resistance' and
makes us far less suspicious than we ought to be
• Examples: civilization, Christianity, good, proper, right,
democracy, patriotism, motherhood, fatherhood, science,
medicine, health, and love
Euphemisms
• Attempts to pacify the audience in order to make an
unpleasant reality more palatable. This is accomplished by
using words that are bland and euphemistic.
• Collateral damage, final solution, War Department ->
Department of Defense etc.
Transfer
• The propagandist carries over the authority, sanction, and
prestige of something we respect and revere to something he
would have us accept
• I know the president, my opponent spends time with
dictators etc.
Testimonial
• testimonial involves citing individuals who are not qualified to
make judgments about a particular issue
• Michael Jordan wants you to buy Nike shoes
Plain Folks
• speakers attempt to convince their audience that they, and
their ideas, are "of the people.”
• Wearing flannel and jeans in Iowa when you really wear
expensive suits
Bandwagon
• “Everyone else is doing it, and so should you." Since few of us
want to be left behind, this technique can be quite successful.
• Rent a stadium and fill it with people, make sure the media is
there to see all of it
• Use symbols, colors, music, movement, all the dramatic arts.
• Addresses specific groups held together by common ties of
nationality, religion, race, sex, vocation.
Fear
• Disaster will result if they do not follow a particular course of
action
• "The streets of our country are in turmoil. The universities are
filled with students rebelling and rioting. Communists are
seeking to destroy our country. Russia is threatening us with
her might, and the Republic is in danger. Yes - danger from
within and without. We need law and order! Without it our
nation cannot survive." - Adolf Hitler, 1932
Bad Logic
• Drawing bad conclusions by forcing together facts that don’t
necessarily go together
• Premise 1: All Christians believe in God.
• Premise 2: All Muslims believe in God.
• Conclusion: All Christians are Muslims.
or
• Premise 1: Hillary Clinton supports gun-control legislation.
• Premise 2: All fascist regimes of the twentieth century have
passed gun-control legislation.
• Conclusion: Hillary Clinton is a fascist.
Unwarranted Extrapolation
• Making huge predictions about the future on the basis of a
few small facts is a common logical fallacy.
• Usually used to give a basis to a fear-appeal
• “If you allow women to vote, men will lose all of their jobs and
be forced to stay at home while their wives go to work”
What are the techniques used in this
modern example of propaganda?
• Obamaville
Try out your analytical skills on
Nazi propaganda
• For each item answer the following:
1.
2.
3.
What does it want the viewer to believe or do?
What techniques are used by the item?
Is this an effective example of propaganda?
A 1932 election poster
Opponents were using
bright flashy colors in
their posters
'The seed of peace, not
dragon's teeth' cartoon of
Hitler, from the magazine
Kladderadatsch, 22 March
1936
'One People, One Nation,
One Leader!' poster of
Hitler, 1938
The poster for the 'Eternal
Jews' exhibition, 1937
On your own…
• Using the ipad click on the Nazi Propaganda Website link on
Mrs. V’s website
• Look through the database and choose 2 images and answer
the following questions regarding those images
1.
2.
3.
4.
Title of piece.
What does it want the viewer to believe or do?
What techniques are used by the item?
Is this an effective example of propaganda?
• You will be asked to share one of your items and your analysis of
it tomorrow with the rest of the class
Nuremberg mock
trials
Your Role
• You may choose which group you would like to be in but it is 1st
come 1st serve:
• Judges
• 4 people
• Attorneys (you will either argue that the defendant is either guilty or innocent)
• 4 defense
• 4 prosecution
• Defense witness (you will create an identity based on research)
• 4 people
• Prosecution witness (you will create an identity based on research)
• 4 people
• Defendants (you will also choose an identity)
• 4 people
• Jury
• The remainder
Counts
• 4 Charges
• The first was Conspiracy to Wage Aggressive War.
• The second charge was Crimes Against Peace, including the
violation of treaties and other agreements.
• The third count was War Crimes, such as the use of slave labor
and the unfair treatment of prisoners of war.
• The fourth count was Crimes Against Humanity, which involved
the events in concentration and death camps, as well as other
vicious attacks on civilians.