Transcript War and Revolution

Bell Ringer


When you hear about a World War,
what do you think about? What
countries do you think would be
involved in a World War today?
Write 7-10 sentence response. I will
be taking this up for a grade.
You have 12 minutes to do it!
Warm-up: Write a story using these
words. Apply whatever meaning you believe
goes to each word even if you are unsure





Chapter 23
Conscription
Mobilization
Propaganda
Trench Warfare







War of attrition
Total war
Planned economies
Soviets
Armistice
Reparation
Mandate
World War 1
The Great War
“Europe’s War to End All Wars”
War and Revolution
Chapter 23
MAIN Causes of WWI





Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand @ Sarajevo in the Balkans
Nationalism and Alliance


On the eve of World War I, Europe
was consumed with nationalism
The Triple Alliance – A loose
agreement:
• Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

The Triple Entente
• France, Great Britain, Russia
Militarism



Aggressive Preparation for War
Conscription – A military draft
Massive Armies
• Russia, 1.3 million
• France, 1 million
• Germany, 1 million

Government decisions based on what
was best for army, not politics
Serbia



1914 – Serbia wanted
to create a large
independent state in
the Balkans for Slavs
On a state visit,
Archduke Francis
Ferdinand, heir to the
throne of Austria
Hungary, is
assassinated by the
Black Hand on June
28, 1914
The assassin was 19
year old Bosnian Serb
Gavrilo Princip
The Austrian-Hungarian Response




Austria-Hungary wanted to attack
Serbia, but was afraid of Russia’s
wrath; needs backing of Germany.
With German backing, AustriaHungary declares war on Serbia, July
28, 1914.
World War I begins.
Czar Nicholas II Russia immediately
mobilizes to support Serbia.
• Mobilization – the process of
assembling troops & supplies &
making them ready for war. In 1914,
this process was considered an act of
war.
The Allies Enter



Germany sees Russian mobilization as an
act of war against them; warns them to
back off.
Russia ignores, Germany declares war on
Russia on August 1.
Schlieffen Plan – dual front war
• East against Russia
• West against France


When France remained allied with Russia,
Germany declared war on August 4;
moved into Belgium to prepare for attack.
Great Britain declares war on Germany for
violating Belgian neutrality
Relatives at War
Video Expectations



SEE
Heads up
looking at
video
Answering
questions


Hear
The video
Silent Reading

10 min
Warm up

What were the causes of WWI?
The Causes of WWI
1) Militarism- Armies so large generals have
abundance of power.
2) Alliances- bring all of Europe into the
war.
3) Imperialism- Fosters competition- Russia
feels like it owns Serbia (backs them)Rivalries over colonies and trade-tension
4) Nationalism- Serbians want their own
nation(Europeans believed if they
organized using national lines would work
together to create a peaceful Europe)
5) Assassination of Archduke Francis
Ferdinand and his wife
WWI Questions On Separate Sheet









1. How did the assassination of Archduke Francis
Ferdinand lead to World War I?
2. Who shot Francis Ferdinand?
3. How did the system of alliances help cause the
war?
4. What did Kaizer Wilhelm II say about Germany
getting involved in the War on the side of Austria?
5. Why did the British enter the war?
6. Who was the Czar of Russia at this time?
7. What was the Schleiffen plan?
8. What were the MAIN reasons for going to war?
When Finished read “The Last Years” & “From
Youthful Vision to Hard Reality” and answer
question.
Section 1 review


Turn to page 725
http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/maps/i
ndex.html
Map Activity/Guided Reading



Use map of page 725
Complete the guided reading for
section 1 of chapter 23.
This will be collected at the end of
class.
Time line Posters


Put the events in order from first to
last to complete the timeline for
WWI’s beginnings.
Use your book or notes to get the
order! – read pg 720
Guided reading
and reading about Archduke

What you don’t finish will be home
work!
Silent Reading

10 min
Warm up

Complete the Guided Reading 23.1
on your desk to review the events
leading up to the outbreak of World
War I.
Bellringer


What was the Schleiffen Plan? Do
you think this battle tactic is a good
idea? Why or why not?
7-10 sentences for a grade
Bell Ringer



1. The Triple Alliance is made up of which
three countries?
2. In 1914, ___ was considered an act of war.
3. What was the name of the group that
conspired to assassinate Franz Ferdinand?

4. Who assassinated Franz Ferdinand?

5. Describe the Schlieffen plan.
Map of Europe in 1914

Directions: Turn to page 718 in the
World History textbook. Label the
map with the appropriate countries.
Color in the countries that are in the
same alliance. Also, color in the
rivers.
Bell Ringer




1. Which countries were involved in
the Triple Entente?
2. Which countries were involved in
the Triple Alliance?
3. ____ was the emperor of Germany
during WWI.
4. Czar Nicholas II was the emperor
of ____ during WWI.
GSII H





Get Computers
Go to
http://www.sascurriculumpathways.c
om/
Login with BOX7CATCH
Assignment is QL # 193 “Schleiffen
Plan Research
Use sections 1-4 to answer questions
on handout in class today
The War
Section 2
1914-1915: Illusions &
Stalemate
• Before 1914 political leaders:


1.political and economic risks
2. Diplomats could control situations (no war)
• Government Propaganda – Ideas spread to
influence public opinion for or against a
cause. (Example; War, Nationalism, etc.)
• Illusions



Nations causes were just.
War over in a few weeks.
Soldiers home by Christmas.
The Western Front - 1914


Germany’s Schleiffen
Plan-Encircle Paris and
French Army
Battle of the Marne
Sept 6-10th
• Taxicabs for French
troops

War quickly stalemates
in the trenches.
(Trench Warfare)
The Eastern Front - 1914

German and Austrian army overpower the
Russians
• Tannenberg Aug 30
• Masurian Lakes Sept 15



Russians sustain almost 2.5 million
casualties 1914-1915 (no longer large
threat to Germany)
Attack Serbia, eliminate them from the
war (German attention now in West
Marked by mobility and cost of lives.
Trench Warfare








Elaborate defense systems
Barbed Wire
Machine gun nests
Heavy artillery
No Man’s Land
Massive frontal assaults
Verdun, 700,000 deaths in 10
months
War of attrition – a war based on
wearing the other side down by
constant attack & heavy losses.
Trench Foot
More Trenchy Feet
“No Man’s Land”
Bellringer



When you hear the words “Modern
Warfare” what types of weapons do
you think of?
Complete Weapons
Research/Power-point in class today
HW: “The Last Years” Questions &
Schleiffen Plan Assignment under
Links on Mr. Miranda’s School page
• Username: box7catch
The New Technology of War



On G Drive Weaponry
Powerpoint in Mr.
Miranda’s GSII Honors
Folder.
Pick one weapon
described in the
powerpoint to do further
research and create a
powerpoint of your own
focusing on 1 weapon.
Answer questions and
compile photographs to
create a powerpoint on
your chosen weapon.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is the weapon?
When was it created
Who created it? Why?
How was it used?
Have weapons like this
been used in war before
WW1? (1914)
6. Major battles weapon was
key in?
7. Did the weapon have a
major impact on the
outcome of the war? Why
or why not?
Bell Ringer






Define each one of the following key
terms:
1. Propaganda
2. Trench Warfare
3. War of Attrition
4. Total War
5. Planned Economies
Red Baron Video

Directions: Answer the following
questions as the video is going on.
Read The Way It Was pg 722

Answer Questions, im collecting it
Propaganda


Watch the great dictator speech and read along
with the speech simultaneously
Write 5-10 sentences on what the speech meant
to you and how you see its relation to our GSII
class content? Hints:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Enlightenment Ideals/Rational Scientific Thought
Nationalism
Liberalism
Conservatism
Socialism
Democracy
Industrial Revolution/Modernization
Imperialism/Westernization
World War/Modern Society
The War At Home


Total War – a complete mobilization
of resources & people.
Increased Government Economies
• Planned Economies – economic
systems directed by government
agencies.


Propaganda caused “Manipulation of
Public Opinion”
Women
• Industrial labor
• Propelled suffrage forward
Propaganda



The use of information to influence the
opinions and/or behaviors of a large group
of people
Uses selective facts (lying by omission) to
encourage a specific way of thinking and
loaded messages and images to create a
desired emotional response rather than a
rational response to the presented
information
Traditionally used to push a certain
political agenda
Types of Propaganda

Bandwagon – used to convince people
that this is what “everyone else” is doing
• reinforces the idea that everyone wants to be
on the winning team

Name Calling – present negative opinions
of the opposition in order to cause fear
and create prejudices
• Substitute for rational, fact-based arguments
Types

Transfer – presents positive and/or negative
qualities of a person or thing to make a second
thing more or less credible


Highly visual and tends to provoke an emotional
response
Glittering Generalities – applies emotionally
appealing words to a product

Wal-Mart: Pay less. Live Happy.
Types

Testimonial – uses celebrity or well-known and
respected individual to endorse an idea or
product


Athletes on Wheaties boxes
Common Man – used to convince audience that
their view reflects the common sense of the
people

Uses ordinary images and language to relate to the
general public
Types

Fear – instills fear and anxiety in the general
public in order to build support

Repetition – repeats a jingle or word to entice
people to buy the product

Words of Virtue – use words that create positive
image to general public

Peace, happiness, security, wise, leadership, freedom
and “The Truth”
Propaganda Posters
Your Turn!



Individually
You will create your own Propaganda
What I am looking for:
One poster representing your country (make it look
neat. I want to hang them in the hallway)
 On back label which type of Propaganda you
decided on and a paragraph on which example of
Propaganda you liked best or you think would have
work best on you and why?
 Each student will show their piece in class tomorrow
and other students will try to guess which country
your propaganda comes from

Questions






Pg. 720 # 6
Pg 722 – 723
Focus on Everyday Life # 1-2
For # 2 I want at least 2 Journal
entries!
Pg. 727 # 4,5,6
I will collect this!
Silent Reading


10 min
Note quiz today, make sure you have
your notes
Note quiz!

Get out a half sheet of paper, do not
waste paper, One piece of paper
makes two half sheets!
Note Quiz: You need your own paper!
1) Define: Propaganda and War of attrition
2) What was General Alfred Von Schlieffen’s
plan?
3) List the reasons why WWI started (powder
keg)
4) What was the first battle on the Western
Front?
5) List 3 new technologies used during WWI
Bonus:
What was the Red Baron’s Real name?
Turn to pg. 728

We will read together, then answer
the questions that follow
Why did America Join the War?

Lets move quickly
The War Spreads

The United States Enters the War,
1917
• Isolationism (At first)
• The Sinking of the Lusitania, May 7,
1915
• Unrestricted submarine warfare
• Zimmerman note
1917-1918



Revolution breaks out in Russia, czar
overthrown, Russian army removed
from the war.
Second Battle of the Marne, 1918 –
Germans pushed back.
Germans call for armistice. (Peace)
Central Powers Fall Apart



Germany plunged into social
revolution.
Kaiser Wilhelm II leaves the country.
Austria-Hungary disintegrates into
Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia,
and Yugoslavia.
The Paris Peace Conference

1919 – “The Big Three”
• Woodrow Wilson, U.S.
• David Lloyd George, U.K.
• George Clemenceau, France


Germany not invited
League of Nations
• International peace keeping body
• Prevent future wars
• US would never enter
The Treaty of Versailles



Admit guilt – pay reparations
Germans had to cut military,
eliminate air force & reduce navy
Establishment of a Polish state
1919
1914
Who was responsible for WWI?




What were the alliances in Europe
that were supposed to balance
power?
Who was blamed for the war? Why?
What were the MAIN Causes of
WWI? Explain.
10 minutes
Silent Reading

10 min
The Russian Revolution
Section 3
Note Quiz
What were the 5 causes of WW1
in Europe? Explain.
Defeat in WWI




Militarily and technologically behind
other countries
Czar insisted in overseeing military
despite no military training
Lack of supplies
Millions killed or wounded
The Romanovs



300 Year Dynasty
Nicholas and
Alexandra
Rasputin
Rasputin’s Murder

Prince Yusupov
• Poisoned Rasputin with Cyanide






Shot in the Back
Strangled
Shot three more times
Beaten till unconscious
Wrapped him in a carpet and threw him in a
river
3 days later found his body, an autopsy
found water in his lungs
The March Revolution



Strikes and workers riots 1917
Czar abdicates
The Soviets (councils of workers)
Lenin and the Bolsheviks





Bolsheviks – faction
of the Russian
Social Democrats
Vladimir Illyich
Lenin
Violent Revolution
Anti-capitalist
Overthrows
government 1917
Lenin’s Government


Lenin brought all of the Soviets
together and formed the Congress of
Soviets
The Communist Party
Civil War In Russia

The Red and White Armies
• Red Army – Communists
• White Army – Loyalists, antiCommunists

July 16, 1918 – The Royal Family
executed
Communism




Government control of banks and
industry
State regulated agriculture
Cheka – secret police
By 1921, Communists in total control
of Russia
Questions I am collecting



Pg 738 Ten days that shook the
world # 1-2
Pg. 737 # 2
Pg. 746 # 1-9 (skip 8)
Pg 737

#2
Warm up- Use HW/Internet
Ideology
Main Idea
Main Proponents
during early
1900’s
(Country/Leader)
Pictures
Descriptions (Like
Cow Poster)
Communism
Capitalism
Socialism
Section 4
THE END OF THE WAR
Last Year of War




1917 allied defenses beat up in
France. (Which Front?)
Russian Rev causes Russia to
withdraw.
War weariness taking hold on Central
Powers too. (Who are Central Powers?)
US Enters War- Lusitania
New German Offensive

Erich von Ludendorff
• Final military offensive in west to break
stalemate. (Stalemate?)
• German’s within 50 miles of Paris
• Stopped in 2nd Battle of the Marne


140,000 Fresh U.S. Troops pushed
Germans back using tanks
Push Back Germans
Collapse & Armistice


Germany forced to form a liberal
government, no more Autocracy
Freidreich Ebert- Announces
Democratic Government
• Armistice-truce is signed

William II leaves country Nov 9th.
The Peace Settlements


Jan 1919- 27 victorious allied nations
meet in Paris.
President Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Point
Proposal
• Created League of Nations to try to
prevent war.

Britain & France (angry) want to
make Germany pay.
Treaty of Versailles

5 Separate Treaties with defeated
Nations
• Germany-June 28th
• Austria
• Bulgaria
• Turkey
• Hungary

The Big Three
• United States, Britain, France
Article 231 “War Guilt Clause”







Germany and Austria responsible for
starting war
Germany pays reparations
Reduce German army to 100,000
Cut back navy (German)
Eliminate air force (German)
Give back Alsace & Lorraine (to
France)
Eastern Germany awarded to Poles.
The Wars Legacy


Serbia become heart of Yugoslavia.
Shattered liberal, rational society
• 10 million dead
• Destruction





Power of governments over citizens
increased by total war
Freedom of Press & Speech limited
Strong central authority, new gov’ts
No Normalcy in Future!
Sets stage for WW2
Complete Treaty of Versailles
Assignment



Directions: Go to Link to power-point to
answer questions on worksheet located on
Mr. Miranda’s School Page under
Presentations (Under Photo)
Titled: WWI-Treaty of Versailles PPT
What you will do today!
• 1. Use power-point to answer questions about
The Peace of Paris and its major participants.
• 2. Form personal conclusion on how Treaty
sets stage for the rise of dictators and WWII?
• 3. Russian Rev Questions and Make-up Work
Section M
SCALE OF WW1
Weapons






Gas Warfare
Zeppelins
Airplanes
Tanks
U-Boats
Long Range Artillery
Video Expectations



SEE
Heads up
looking at
video
Answering
questions


Hear
The video

http://player.discoveryeducation.co
m/index.cfm?guidAssetId=865374E8
-4814-4280-8FE9322762088B20&blnFromSearch=1&p
roductcode=US
Video Expectations



SEE
Heads up
looking at
video
Answering
questions


Hear
The video
Video WWI and aftermath

http://player.discoveryeducation.co
m/index.cfm?guidAssetId=A1EDA1F3
-8DB3-414D-ACC35D3B3BE753E4&blnFromSearch=1&
productcode=US
Warm up



Study for test (Ten Min)
33 multiple choice, matching and fill
in the blank questions
You must choose 2 short answer!
After the test
Vocabulary Chapter 24









Depression
Collective bargaining
Deficit spending
Totalitarian State
Fascism
Collectivization
Concentration Camp
Reichstag
Politburo
Great depression

http://player.discoveryeducation.co
m/index.cfm?guidAssetId=44E65237
-9DCF-4DDD-A357949706BC27A2&blnFromSearch=1&p
roductcode=US#
Bellringer

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Put the Following in order from earliest to latest:
Serb student, shoots Austrian Archduke
Ferdinand & his wife.
Unhappy at Serbia’s response, Austro-Hungary
declares war on Serbia
Due to the alliances, Germany declares war on
Russia
Due to her Alliance, Russia mobilizes to support
Serbia
Austro-Hungary declared war on Russia
Germany invaded Belgium using the Schlieffen
Plan. Britain declares war on Germany
Germany declared war on France
Murder

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grigori_
Rasputin#Murder
Silent Reading

10 min!