Transcript America in WWI

Pump-Up
• What factors caused the U.S. to abandon
neutrality and enter WWI?
America in WWI
Today’s Vocabulary
• War Industries Board
– Told manufactures what they could produce during
WWI.
• Schench vs. U.S.
– Proved that freedom of speech can be limited
during times of war.
Raising an Army
• Selective Service Act
– Men between 21 and 30
must register.
– Lottery determined who
went to war.
• African American
Soldiers
– Fought in segregated
units.
– Most work as laborers.
Doughboys arrive in Europe
• American Expeditionary
Forces (AEF).
– Led by General John J.
Pershing.
• Doughboys
– Boosted the morale of
Allied forces.
• Convoy system
– Transportation ships were
surrounded by battle ships
for protection.
Bolshevik Revolution
• Bolsheviks took control of
Russia’s gov’t.
– Communists
• Vladimir Lenin withdrew
the Russian army from the
Eastern Front.
– Germany was free to focus
on fighting in France.
Liberty Bonds
• Liberty or Victory Bonds
– Help pay for war.
– Raised money for the war
without taxing citizens.
War Industries Board
• Bernard Baruch
• Told manufacturers what they
could produce and how much it
would cost.
– Increased industrial production.
– Remaining goods could be used
by civilians.
Food Administration
• Led by Herbert Hoover.
• Increased crop production and
to conserved existing food
supplies for the military.
• “Victory Gardens”
• “Meatless Mondays”
• “Wheatless Wednesdays”
• 18th Amendment
– Use wheat to feed troops rather
than in alcohol.
Fuel Administration
• Made sure that the
military’s needs for fuel
could always be met.
– “Heatless Mondays”
• Daylight Savings Time.
National War Labor Board
• Long working hours led
to increased union
membership and more
strikes.
• Board settled disputes
between workers and
management.
– Established 8 hour
workday and promoted
equal pay for women.
Women in the War
• Took on jobs traditionally
held by men.
– Noncombat military positions.
• After war ended, most
women left new jobs.
• 19th Amendment.
Committee on Public Information
• George Creel
• Propaganda
– Influenced people’s opinions by
appealing to their sense of patriotism,
fear, or sympathy.
– Meant to encourage Americans to
support the war.
American Propaganda
American Propaganda
German Propaganda
Limiting Speech
• Espionage Act
– Made it illegal to help the enemy
or refusing military duty.
• Sedition Act
– Made it illegal to criticize the
gov’t, the flag, or the military.
• Schenck v. United States
– Limits can be placed on freedom
of speech during war to ensure
the country’s safety.
Classwork
• Today you will create your own WWI propaganda
poster.
– Remember that propaganda should appeal to your
sense of patriotism, fear, or sympathy.
• Then pretend that you live during WWI and are
writing a letter to your “sweet heart” during the war.
– Women: write to your husbands, sons, brothers fighting
over seas, tell them what is happening in America
during this time.
– Men: write to your wives, daughters, sisters back in
American and tell them how fighting in Europe is during
WWI.
Reflection
• Explain what the American gov’t does at
home to help win the war.