Transcript Peace, Love, and… Happiness??? - Community Unit School District

Peace, Love, and…
Happiness???
The War Begins
• Imagine you are a
German General. What
strategy would you
recommend Germany use
to defeat the Allies?
The Schlieffen Plan
Look at the map below. According to the map,
was the Schlieffen Plan a success?
The Gallipoli Campaign
A. Allies want the region of the
Ottoman Empire known as the
“Dardanelles”
1. A narrow sea strait
2. Gateway to the capitol
city of Constantinople
3. Objective: Defeat the
Ottoman Turks
4. Defeat will allow the
Allies to establish a
supply line to Russia
G’Day, Mate!
B. G’day Mate
1. Allied forces joined by
Australians
2. Turkish troops led by German
officers defend the region
C. A Bloody Stalemate
1. Fighting begins in February, by
May, no advances are made
2. Allied forces evacuate as the
casualty mark reaches 250,000
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7eeijbtbnjQ
Fighting in Africa
A. Allied forces pummel German colonies in Africa
and Asia
1. The Japanese capture Germany’s Pacific
island colonies
2. The English and French assume control of 3
of Germany’s 4 African colonies
B. Allied powers recruit people from their colonial
possessions to fight in the war
The U.S. Enters the War
A. Germany announces the
practice of unrestricted
submarine warfare
B. May 15, 1915 – A
German U-boat sinks
the British passenger ship,
the Lusitania
The Zimmerman Note
To the German Minister in Mexico
Berlin, January 19, 1917
On the first of February we intend to begin submarine warfare unrestricted. In spite of this, it is our
intention to endeavour to keep neutral the United States of America.
If this attempt is not successful, we propose an alliance on the following basis with Mexico: That we shall
make war together and together make peace. We shall give general financial support, and it is understood that
Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona. The details are left to you for
settlement...
You are instructed to inform the President of Mexico of the above in the greatest confidence as soon as it is
certain that there will be an outbreak of war with the United States and suggest that the President of Mexico, on his
own initiative, should communicate with Japan suggesting adherence at once to this plan; at the same time, offer to
mediate between Germany and Japan.
Please call to the attention of the President of Mexico that the employment of ruthless submarine warfare
now promises to compel England to make peace in a few months.
Signed, Zimmermann
The Zimmerman Note
1. Forces the United
States into the war
effort
2. Fuels the creation of
propaganda to boost
morale and support for
the war
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qgs1KNwpBW4&feature=relmfu
Propaganda/Total War
Wait! Where’s Russia???
A. Czar Nicholas is forced to step down from power
B. March 1917 – Russian forces withdrawal from
fighting after 5.5 million Russian soldiers are
wounded, killed or taken prisoner
C. November 1917 – The Bolshevik Revolution
1. Turns Russia into a Communist State
2. Vladimir Lenin assumes power
D. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk – Lenin agrees
to end war between Russia and Germany
Meanwhile, in Europe
A. The Second Battle of the Marne, July 1918
B. Germany advances to within 40 miles of Paris and
then they begin to crumble
1. The United States sends 140,000 fresh troops
to counterattack German forces
2. 350 Allied tanks flatten the German lines
3. The Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria surrender
4. An internal revolution in Austria-Hungary
brings them home
Can There Be Peace?
5. German soldiers begin to revolt against their
leader
a. Kaiser Wilhelm II steps down from
power
b. Germany declares itself a Republic
C. November 11, 1918 – France and Germany sign an
armistice (an agreement to end fighting) and
World War I comes to a close