Transcript PropagandaPersuasive

How do people
influence you?
Sherwood Brooks
Driftwood Middle School
2010
What is Propaganda?

A form of communication that may use
distorted, false, or misleading information
to persuade
 Circular reasoning
 Stereotyping
 Overgeneralization
 Cause and Effect Fallacy
Circular Reasoning
An attempt to support a statement by
repeating it in other words
Example:
Using video cameras to monitor
school hallways is good because
it feels right.
Stereotyping
A stereotype is a generalization about a group
of people (Racial, ethnic, religious) that
doesn’t take into account individual differences
Overgeneralization

A broad statement that says something is
true for every case, with no exceptions.
Cause and Effect Fallacy
The author makes the assumption that
because one event follows another, the
second was caused by the first.
The school cut security
staff, and two students
fell down the stairs and
were seriously injured.
Persuasive Techniques
False Analogy – compares two
things that do not have
enough similarities to be a
valid comparison
A means of convincing people:
 to buy a certain product
 to believe something or act in a
certain way
 to agree with a point of view
Persuasive Techniques

False premise – begins with
a statement that is not true
If I’m made
from sugar,
why am I a sugar
substitute?
People who wear glasses are smart.
Naomi wears glasses, so she is smart.
Persuasive Techniques

Red Herring – a reason that distracts from the
argument
Persuasive Techniques
Either/or Fallacy – assumes that there are only
two alternatives.
Either go to college or forget about getting a good job.
Repetition:
The name of a product is repeated many times
HEAD ON Apply
directly to the
forehead
HEAD ON Apply
directly to the
forehead
HEAD ON Apply
directly to the
forehead
Slogan: “Can you hear me now?”
A catchy phrase or statement often used
to sell a service or a product.
Bandwagon




A statement suggesting that everyone is using a
specific product, so you should too
Persuading people to do something by letting
them know others are doing it
Gives impression that you will be left out if you
don’t do what you are being persuaded
Example: “See why so many women have
switched” (Shampoo advertisement)
Why are these examples of
Bandwagon?
Plain Folks Propaganda
is an every day person
or people that sell a
product.
By using the plain-folks
technique, speakers attempt to
convince their audience that
they, and their ideas, are "of the
people." The device is used by
advertisers and politicians alike.
Transfer is a propaganda technique used when
an advertiser tries to transfer our good feelings
about one thing, to his product:


By using positive associations you already have in
one area, the advertiser doesn't have to start from
scratch to create those same positive associations
for its product.
With transfer advertising, you can manipulate the
audience's feelings about the product by choosing to
highlight one fact about the product while ignoring
aspects of the product that don't fit with the message
you want to send to the consumer.
Testimonial
A well-known person supports a product or
service
Testimonial works because you feel
like you can trust the words of an
expert or someone who is famous.
Expert Opinion
Ads using scientific sounding language
to make a product seem more effective.
 Appeals to the audience’s intellect
 “Four out of five dentists recommend
this toothpaste….”
 “Studies show that….”

Expert Opinion
Experts approve this product, so you should
use it
“Four out of five dentists recommend sugarless
gum for their patients who chew gum”
Emotional
Appeal
A person is made to have strong feelings
about a situation or product
 Using the words of a famous person to
persuade you “Got Milk?” “Just Say No!”
 Loaded words that make people feel
strongly - love/hate, patriotic, loyal, unAmerican, socialist, bully
 Sports figures promoting athletic gear,
sports drinks, or shoes.

Quick Review
 Soda
is as healthy to drink as water.
So I drink soda with all my meals.
False Premise
Quick Review
 Either
you vote for Ellen Green for
student body president or our school
activities will decline.
Either/Or Fallacy
Quick Review
 Just
as dogs need to be trained to
obey commands, students need
strong discipline to improve their
learning.
False Analogy
Quick Review
 Yes,
animals are trapped in zoos. But
what about all those people trapped in
jobs they hate?
Red Herring
Quick Review
The most important part of
this appeal is the speaker's
portrayal of themselves as
someone who has had a
similar experience
Plain Folks
Quick Review
Transfer
Quick Review
 All
teenagers love the Twilight series.
You’ll love it too!
Bandwagon
Quick Review
 “Dale
Chapman will make an excellent
governor,” says Nobel Prize winner,
Peter Genzarro.
Testimonial
Homework
Bring to school magazine and
newspaper ads, pictures printed
from the Internet, movie posters,
videotaped commercials, or other
materials that attempt to persuade
people in some way.