Transcript The Holocaust

Biography Cards

Turn in any late work (Mussolini reading,
Newsela, Crossword puzzle, etc.)

Read your biography card to find out
about your person.

You will find out the fate of your person
at the end of class tomorrow.
Warm Up
Read and
respond to
this poem
First They Came
By Pastor Martin Niemoller
First they came for the Communists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Communist
Then they came for the Socialists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Socialist
Then they came for the trade unionists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a trade unionist
Then they came for the Jews
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Jew
Then they came for me
And there was no one left
To speak out for me.
Holocaust Vocabulary
Holocaust
 The twelve-year period of genocide resulting in the
extermination of six million Jews.

Eleven million people killed in all: Jews, Gypsies,
homosexuals, disabled, and political dissidents.
 More than two thirds of Europe’s Jews were killed by
the end of the war.
(To give you an idea of the number of people - the
current population of the entire state of North
Carolina is 9.4 Million)
Genocide – the mass killing of a group of people.
Zyklon-B – poison used to kill in gas chambers
Anti-semitism – The act of being hostile to or
discriminating against Jews.
Euthanasia –The act of killing for reasons of
mercy
Hitler’s Aryan Race – Blond hair and blue eyes
Why were Jewish people targeted?

The Nazis claimed that the Jews corrupted
their "pure" German culture with their
"foreign" influence.

Nazis created propaganda that portrayed
the Jews very negatively (even for children)

Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany’s loss
in WWI
- He blamed his mother’s death on her
Jewish doctor
- He blamed his rejection from art school
on a Jewish professor
The Poison
Mushroom
A
Children's
Book
“Jews Get Out!”: A Children’s Game
The bottom slogan reads: “Women and girls,
the Jews are your undoing!”
Nazi
propaganda
poster
blaming
Jews for the
war
Nazi Propaganda
From an
advertising
poster for
a movie
Holocaust Timeline

1933 – Nazis stage boycott of Jewish shops and
businesses.

1933 – Nazis pass law allowing forced sterilization
of “undesirables,” which included Jews,
handicapped people, and gypsies.

1933 – Nazis prohibit Jews from owning land.

1933 – Nazis pass a law that allows beggars, the
homeless, alcoholics and the unemployed to be
sent to concentration camps.
"60,000 RM is what this person with
genetic defects costs the community
during his lifetime. Fellow Germans,
that's your money too ..."
Holocaust Timeline

1935 – Nazis ban Jews from serving in the
military.

1937 – Jews are banned from many
professional occupations.

1938 – Nazis order Jews to register wealth and
property.

1938 – Kristallnacht – The Night of Broken
Glass

1938 – Kristallnacht – The Night of Broken Glass
 The Germans beat and kill Jews.
 They loot Jewish stores and burn synagogues.

Nazis fine Jews one billion Marks (like German
dollars) for damages:
 7500 businesses destroyed
 267 synagogues burned (with 177 totally destroyed)
 91 Jews killed
Kristallnacht
“Night of
Broken Glass”
Holocaust Timeline

1939 – Jews lose rights as tenants and are
relocated into Jewish houses.

1939 – Nazis begin euthanasia on the sick and
disabled in Germany.

1939 – Jews forced to wear Yellow stars to
identify themselves

1940 – Deportation of Jews into
Poland
Ghettos

Jews were forcibly deported from their
homes to live in crowded ghettos, cut off
from the rest of the world.

Lacked food, water, space and sanitary
facilities to support the increasing
number of people living there.

Thousands died in the ghettos from
deprivation, starvation and disease.
Jews being forced to build the wall to keep them in the Warsaw ghetto
Killing Squads
In June 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet
Union and began their persecution of the
Jewish population.
 Einsatzgruppen (killing forces)

 Gathered Jewish residents
 Marched them outside the town to pre-dug pits,
made them strip, lined them up, and then shot
them.
 The dead and dying would fall into the pits and be
buried in mass graves.
 By the end of 1942, it is estimated that the
Einsatzgruppen had murdered at least 1.3 million
Jews throughout Eastern Europe.
Wannsee Conference

January 20, 1942 - Nazi officials met to
determine the “Final Solution” to the
problem of the Jews.

The "Final Solution" was the systematic,
deliberate, mass murder of the
European Jews.
Death Camps

Nazis built six death camps (also called killing centers) in
occupied Poland in 1941 and 1942: Chelmno, Belzec,
Sobibor, Treblinka, Majdanek and Auschwitz.

Located near rail lines so that Jews could easily be
transported to them on a daily basis.

These camps were expressly built for killing: they were
equipped with either mobile or stationary gas chambers
and crematoria.

New arrivals to these camps, if not selected for hard
labor, were sent straight to the gas chambers where they
were murdered.
 Were told they would get to take a shower, but poison gas would
come out rather than water
Labor Camps

Labor Camps were established to operate the Nazi
war machine

All the camps were intolerably brutal, and thousands
died from the harsh conditions.

The major concentration camps were: Ravensbrück,
Neuengamme, Bergen-Belsen, Sachsenhausen,
Gross-Rosen, Buchenwald, Theresienstadt,
Flössenburg, Natzweiler-Struthof, Dachau,
Mathausen, Stutthof and Dora/Nordhausen.

These people were forced to work wherever the
Nazis needed laborers. They worked long hours
without adequate food and shelter. Thousands
perished, quite literally worked to death
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem
I’m thinking . . .
Children being lifted over the wall in the ghetto to try to get people
outside the ghetto to give them food
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem
I’m noticing . . .
Starving children in the ghetto
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem
I’m wondering . . .
Nazi Killing Squad
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem
I’m feeling . . .
Jews being forced to dig their own graves
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem
I’m thinking . . .
Entrance to Aushwitz Death Camp. It says “Labor Makes you Free”.
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem
I’m wondering . . .
Entrance to Buchenwald It says “To Each What He Deserves”
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem
I’m noticing . . .
Sleeping quarters in the camps
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem
I’m feeling . . .
Most prisoners didn’t wear pants because they soiled themselves so
frequently.
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem – Think beyond the
obvious
I’m seeing . . .
Zyklon-B cannisters and a collection of human hair
Photograph Response

After we view each photograph, we will
all write our responses using this
thinking stem
I’m feeling . . .
Jews were forced to operate the crematorium, where bodies of those
who had been gassed would be burned.
Let’s Talk

How are you feeling about the
information we talked about today?
 Talk with your table about what you saw and
heard today during class.