Transcript Year 8- RE revision

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hinduism key words
• Brahma: Creator, the god that
Karma: Actions that affect your
shows the creative part of
next life.
Brahman.
Brahman: The one god or
great Power. The energy that is • Shiva: Destroyer, the god that
in everything.
shows the part of Brahman that
Moksha: Escaping the cycle of
ends things.
rebirth. Becoming one with
• Vishnu: Protector, the god that
Brahman.
shows the part of Brahman that
Om/Aum: The sacred sound
that Hindu prayers begin with.
protects things
Trimurti: 3 gods that represent • Puja: The ritual Hindus use when
or show different parts of
they worship every day
Brahman’s personality.
Reincarnation: The idea that • Dharma: Duties you must do in
when you die, your atman will
life
be reborn into another living
• Atman: Like a soul. Every living
thing
thing has one. It is the part of
Samsara: The whole cycle of
living things that is Brahman 1
rebirth
Key words Judaism
Abraham
The founder or father of Judaism (made the
covenant with God)
Synagogue
Hebrew
Torah
Jewish Holy Building
Jewish writing
A scroll. The Jewish Holy Book
Shabbat
Jewish Holy Day. Sundown Friday to Sundown
Saturday
Menorah
Seven-branched candlestick
Star of David The symbol of Judaism
Kippah
A skull cap worn by Jewish men in the synagogue
(and some Jews wear them all the time)
A prayer robe
Tallit
Circumcision Where a small piece of skin is removed from a
baby boy.
2
3
Jews believe that the 10 plagues of Egypt were sent by God to punish
the Pharaoh for keeping his Chosen people (the Jews) as slaves.
Others believe science can explain everything!
Religious View
Natural or scientific explanation
God was angry A volcano erupted in Santorini around the time
because the Jews that the plagues were thought to have happened.
were being kept The effects of it could have spread as far as Egypt
as slaves
Nile to blood
There had been a volcano and the ash had
changed the water so that red plants would grow
Frogs
The plants poisoned the fish so they couldn’t eat
the frog spawn
Lice then flies
The frogs died and attracted
them
4
Death of cattle & The lice and flies carried diseases
boils
and they bit animals and people
Hail and thunder
The Ash from the volcano made huge clouds that
caused storms
Locusts
They find damp ground to lay eggs. The ground
was damp because of the hail
Darkness
The ash and smoke from the volcano covered up
the sun
Death of the first He was special and got all the grain. The grain
was poisoned from the other plagues
born
Was it God? It says so in the Bible. Was it nature? It can be
explained by a natural disaster. Was it just a coincidence
(happened that way by chance) that it happened when the Jews
needed it? Was it a natural disaster that was caused by God?
5
Religion & the environment
• Stewardship
- Humans have been given
the responsibility to care for
the environment for future
generations so they can
enjoy it.
• Sacred
- Something really special
and holy because it is given
by God.
• Interdependence
- all parts of the
environment (including us)
are connected and depend
on each other.
Christianity
• Pope John Paul II said that
the earth was a gift from
God and should be looked
after – we should always
be aware of our actions.
Stewardship: we should
take care of the world
because it comes from God.
6
Judaism
• There is a Jewish story
of a young man planting
a tree that will not bear
fruit for another 70
years.
Stewardship: we should
look after the world for
people in the future.
• When asked he explains
that he is planting the
tree because his
ancestors planted
fruitful trees for him,
now he wants to do the
same for his children.
7
Islam
• The prophet Muhammad said
that when you plant trees or
grow crops you are showing
love to the earth.
Hinduism
• Hindu teachings say that
God lives in every corner of
existence – this makes the
whole of creation sacred.
• He also said that the earth is
beautiful and God appointed
humans to be stewards over
it.
Stewardship: God asked people
to look after the world. It’s
what God wants.
Interdependence: everything
in the world is part of God
and people are all part of the
world. Everything in the world
should work together
8
Native American beliefs
• Chief Seattle said that
the earth does not
belong to humans.
Humans belong to the
earth.
• We are all connected by
nature so what ever we
do to nature, we do to
ourselves.
Interdependence: we all
need each other. We
should look after the
environment because it
affects us, and because
we are all equal. Humans
are not ‘better’ and are
not in charge. They can’t
use the environment
however they like.
9
Christianity and war: In favour of war
• “Attack the land of your enemies. Pursue, kill
and completely destroy them, declares the
LORD. Do everything I have commanded you”.
(Jeremiah 50:21)
– God allowed war against enemies
• “ An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth”
(Exodus 21:24)
– The Bible says you can fight back and take revenge
• Defend people
– It’s right to protect yourself and others that can’t
protect themselves (protecting God’s creation?)
• It could be a last resort
– As long as all other ways for making peace
have been tried first (so evil doesn’t spread, and to
make peace?)
10
Christianity and war: against war
• “Do not take revenge on someone who wrongs you. If anyone
slaps you on the right cheek, let him slap your left cheek
also” (Matthew 5:39)
– It says in the Bible not to fight back
• “Blessed are the people who make peace because
they are God’s children” (Matthew 5:9
– God will treat everyone like his child if they try to make peace
instead of fighting. This means He will look after them
• “…put down your sword, for those who live by the sword, die
by the sword” (Matthew 26:52)
– God warns that people who spend their time fighting
will die in wars
• It won’t solve things
– If people keep taking revenge then there will always be fighting
11
Should we be able to use animals to help
humans?
• For food?
• As guide dogs?
• Dogs used in the Armed
Forces to sniff out
explosives?
• Dogs used to find
survivors of disasters?
• Eggs?
• To test medicines?
• To test cosmetics
(make-up, shampoo
etc)?
• As pets?
• To entertain us? (e.g. in
zoos, circuses, riding
horses)
• For clothing? (wool, fur,
leather)
• To work for us?
• To watch in sports?
(horse racing, dog
racing?
• Are people more
important?
12
Yes:
No:
• Animals may enjoy the
sports/entertainment
• Guide dogs help people and
are well looked after
• Dogs in the armed forces
protect people
• Eating free-range eggs
doesn’t damage the chicken
• Medicines can make
people’s lives better
• Animals can’t tell us if they’re
unhappy
• They may not want to. It can be
scary in loud, busy places
• They could get hurt and they
haven’t chosen it
• Some chickens are kept in small
spaces all their lives
• They can get hurt/killed. They
may not have the same effect on
humans.
• Cosmetics don’t save lives. We
don’t NEED them. Animals aren’t
meant to wear make-up!
• People need to use
cosmetics and keep clean,
so they have to be safe
13
Yes:
No:
• Pets are well looked after
and are part of the family
• It’s entertaining and zoos
can protect endangered
species
• Making wool from sheep
doesn’t hurt them and
leather is what is left over
from eating beef
• Lots of animals only exist
because they are bred to
work
• Sports provide exercise for
the dog and entertainment
for people
• Pets are sometimes treated badly
and have to be rescued
• Circuses make animals do things
they wouldn’t do in the wild. Can
hurt them to make them work
• Animals are killed just for their
fur and fur belongs on the animal
• What will happen when the
animal can no longer work?
• Do the animals have any choice?
What will happen when they
can’t perform the sport any
14
more?
Some people think…
• Stewardship means
that
– People are in charge so
can do what we want
with animals
– People are in charge and
come first so we should
use animals but still
respect them
– People have a duty and
responsibility to look
after all members of the
environment equally.
Animals should be
treated equal to humans
• Interdependence
– We are all part of the
same natural world so
should be treated
equally
– We are all part of the
same natural so have a
responsibility to each
other. Animals should
work with and for
people, and people
should work with and for
animals
15
Should everyone be a vegetarian?
No:
Yes:
• Meat contains phosphorous.
•
good for creating bones. Helps
keep the kidney, brain and heart
healthy.
•
• It contains Amino Acids: Helps
your body create the energy it •
needs.
• It contains vitamin B12 which
gives healthy hair and nails
•
• All these can be found in
vegetables but contain more
and are easier for the body to
use if you get them from meat
We can get all the vitamins
and minerals we need from
things other than meat
We need fibre. Meat
doesn’t contain any of this
Also it is very high in
saturated fats which aren’t
very good for your heart.
It is expensive to keep
animals in lots of space.
Many meat farmers don’t
do this because customers
won’t pay that much for
meat
16
No:
Yes:
• The animals we eat are only
here because they are bred
for food
• We can eat animals that
have been kept in good
conditions
Stewardship means that we
are in charge and can use
them for food
Interdependence means that
we are all part of the natural
world and we can eat animals
just like other animals eat each
other
• They are living things with
feelings so they shouldn’t
be used for food
• Because they are only seen
as a product, they aren’t
always treated well
Stewardship means that we
have a duty to look after
animals and eating them is not
part of looking after them
Interdependence means that
we are all equal in the natural
world. Just as we don’t want to
be eaten, we shouldn’t eat
animals
17