Transcript Eastern Hemisphere Chapter 11 Notes (Co-Teaching

11-1 Vocabulary
Irrigation –
• Process of collecting water and distributing it to crops
City-state • Independent political unit that includes a city and the surrounding
area
Polytheism –
• Belief in more than one god
Theocracy • Form of government in which the leader claims to rule on behalf of
a god
Cuneiform • Form of writing from ancient Mesopotamia that consisted of
wedge-shaped markings pressed into clay tablets
11-1 Vocabulary
Pharaoh –
• Name for a powerful ruler in ancient Egypt
Hieroglyphics • System of writing that uses small pictures to represent sounds or
words
Monotheism –
• Belief in one god
Covenant • Agreement
Prophet • Messenger of God
Caliph • Successor to Muhammad
11-1 Vocabulary
Terrorism –
• Violence used against the people or the government in the hopes of
winning political goals
11-2 Vocabulary
Hajj –
• Pilgrimage to the Muslim holy city of Makkah, the completion of
which at least once in a lifetime is one of the Five Pillars of Islam
Epic • Tales or poems about heroes or heroines
Mosque • Islamic house of worship
Calligraphy • Art of beautiful writing
Chapter Notes 11-1: History and Religion
I. Mesopotamia
Fertile Crescent
A. One of the 1st civilizations that grew in the “_________________”
land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
Sumer
B. One of the earliest city-states was an area called ____________.
cuneiform
C. They created a form of writing known as _________________.
Hammurabi’s Code was an attempt to bring justice and fairness
D. ______________
to the idea of law. (eye for an eye)
II. Ancient Egypt
Nile
A. Egypt grew out of the river valley, the ________,
the longest river
in the world.
B. Upper and Lower Egypt were united under one great ruler called a
pharaoh
_____________.
polytheistic religion, meaning they worshipped
C. Egyptians had a ____________
many gods.
pyramids
D. Large tombs that belonged to pharaohs were called ___________.
hieroglyphics
E. They used a form of picture writing called ____________.
Phoenicians
F. One of the greatest trading empires were the ____________.
Religions of the Middle East
III. Judaism - followers are known as Jews
Tanakh
A. Oldest of the 3 religions and their holy book is the __________.
Abraham and his people.
B. Believe that God made a covenant with _________
C. They believe that they are God’s chosen people and are still
Messiah
waiting for the _______________.
Diaspora
D. The scattering of Jews all over the world is known as the _______.
IV. Christianity - followers are called Christians
Bible
A. Their holy book is called the __________.
Jesus
B. Christians believe that _________
is the son of God and the Messiah
that the Jews were waiting.
most
C. Christianity is the _______
practiced religion in the world. (2 Billion)
V. Islam - followers are called Muslims.
Koran
A. Their holy book is called the __________.
Muhammad
B. Muslims believe that _____________
is the last and greatest prophet
of Allah or God.
Faith
C. The Quran describes the 5 Pillars of __________,
5 obligations all
Muslims must fulfill.
mosques
D. Muslims practice in houses of worship called ___________
.
RELIGIONS
JUDAISM
CHRISTIANITY
FOLLOWER’S
CALLED:
JEWS
CHRISTIANS
MUSLIMS
HOUSE OF
WORSHIP:
SYNAGOGUES
CHURCH
MOSQUES
PEOPLE:
ABRAHAM,
MOSES
JESUS CHRIST
MUHAMMAD
TORAH
BIBLE
QURAN
YAWEH
GOD
ALLAH
HOLY WRITINGS:
NAMES OF GODS:
HOLY CITIES:
JERUSALEM,
ISRAEL
HOLLIDAYS:
HANUKKAH,
YOM KIPPUR
DON’T BELIEVE
THAT JESUS IS THE
SON OF GOD
BASIC BELIEFS:
JERUSALEM
CHRISTMAS,
EASTER, GOOD
FRIDAY
SON OF GOD
“MESSIAH”
ISLAM
JERUSALEM
MECCA, MEDINA
RAMADAN
SUBMITTING
TO GOD
VI. The Region in the Modern World
Arab
A. Late 900’s, N. Africa and SW Asia was a vast __________
empire.
Ottoman empire controlled the region until WWI.
B. In the 1200’s, _________
European
C. After WWI, large areas came under control of _____________
powers.
Palestine into Jewish and Arab
D. In 1947, the UN voted to divide __________
countries.
Israel
E. In 1948, ___________
becomes a nation, Arab and Israeli conflicts
have occurred ever since.
F. People in this region blame U.S. and Europe for keeping Muslim
terrorism
nations poor and have led to _____________.
Chapter Notes 11-2: Cultures and Lifestyles
I. Population Changes
water
A. Lack of ______influences
where people live. (More than ½ urban)
cities
B. Many people are moving to the ________
(Istanbul, Cairo, Tehran)
for better living conditions.
C. Overcrowding, job shortages, and lack of transport are problems of
cities
people moving to the ___________.
II. Religious Practices
A. Muslims must fulfill the 5 Pillars of Faith:
faith
1. statement of __________
5
2. pray ______
times a day
poor
3. give money to the ________
Fast
4. _________
during the month of Ramadan
hajj
5. holy journey, _______,
to Makkah (Mecca)
Christians
B. ____________
celebrate Easter and Christmas as holy days.
Sabbath
C. Jewish people honor the _____________
from sundown Friday to
sundown Saturday.
III. Religion, the Arts, and Daily Life
Arabic
A. ____________,
is the major language of this region.
living
B. Countries w/ high manufacturing have better _________
standards. (Israel)
oil
C. Saudi Arabia and Qatar are wealthy from _______
production.
migrated to Europe for a better life.
D. Many N. Africans have __________
E. Recently, the status of women is changing, have ________
more
rights.
women
F. In more traditional countries, (Saudi Arabia) ___________
are
expected to obey their husbands and stay home.