Transcript Jesus - Mr. Cosbey

The Rise of Christianity
Chapter #1 – Section #4
Key Terms
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Define:
Jesus
messiah
apostle
Paul
tolerance
clergy
Judaism Turmoil
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Early in the Pax Romana, Judaism experienced a
period of turmoil that created deep divisions in the
religion.
- Jews in Canaan absorbed Greek customs and
ideas during the Hellenistic age.
- Conservative Jews rejected these influences
and called for strict obedience to Jewish laws
and traditions.
- Amidst the disorder of the Jews, Christianity
and a man named Jesus arose among them.
Jesus of Nazareth
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Information on the life of Jesus comes from the
Gospels, the first four books of the New
Testament of the Bible.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
Gospel comes from the Old English word for
“good news”
Early Life of Jesus
Jesus was born about 4 B.C. in Bethlehem, not far from
Jerusalem.
 His parents, Mary and Joseph had traveled there from their
home in Nazareth.
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Through his parents, Jesus was a descendant of King David of
Israel. David had lived in Bethlehem.
The Messiah
When Augustus Caesar of Rome called for a census, Jesus’
parents returned to their ancestral city to be counted.
 An angel, the Gospels say, had told Jesus’ mother, Mary that
she would give birth to “the Son of the Most High God.”
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Adoration of the Shepherds,
Gerard Von Honthorst,
17th century
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Jesus would be the messiah, the savior sent by God to lead the
Jews to freedom.
The Ministry
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At the age of 30, Jesus began preaching in the
provinces of Galilee and Judea.
To help him on his mission, he chose twelve close
followers known as the apostles, “a person sent
forth.”
Peter was the leader among the apostles.
Large crowds gathered to hear Jesus’ teachings and
see him perform miracles of healing.
Jesus used parables, or short stories with simple
moral lessons, to communicate his ideas.
After three years, he and his disciples, or loyal
followers, went to Jerusalem to spread his message.
Sermon on the Mount
Recorded by Matthew: Jesus’ ethical message of mercy and
sympathy for the poor and helpless.
The Message
Jesus’ teaching were firmly rooted in the Jewish tradition.
 He called himself _________.
 Jesus proclaimed that his mission was to bring ________
and _________________.
 Jesus emphasized God’s _____ and taught the need for
_____, ______, and ____________.
 According to Jesus, a person’s major responsibilities were
to “ ___________” and to “_________________.”
 Jesus also emphasized the importance of _________.
Death on the Cross
According to the Gospels
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Jesus arrives in Jerusalem near the time of the
Jewish festival of Passover, a celebration of the
exodus from Egypt.
Thousands of Jews gathered in the city
Jesus attracts conflicts
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Some welcomed Jesus as the messiah.
Chief Jewish priests regarded Jesus as a dangerous
troublemaker.
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John 18:19 And so the
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Chief priest questioned
Jesus about his disciples
And about his teaching.
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The Roman authorities saw Jesus as a threat because his
speeches could inflame those eager to end Roman rule.
Betrayal
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The Gospels say that one of Jesus’ disciples betrayed him by
leading a group of armed men to him.
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After his arrest, Jesus was crucified.
Crucifixion

Crucifixion, a Roman method of executing criminals,
a person was nailed to or hung on a cross and left to
die.
Christianity Spreads
Following Jesus’ death the apostles and other
disciples spread his teachings.
 The disciples preached only among the Jews of
Judea.
 Jews who accepted the teaching that Jesus was the
messiah became the first Christians, or followers of
Jesus Christ.
 Christ comes from the Greek word, for “the anointed
one.” Another word for messiah.
 Peter, the apostle established Christianity in the city
of Rome.
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The Work of Paul
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Assignment:
- Create a concept web of Paul and his
contributions in spreading Christianity.
- Read pg. 35 to 36.
- 5 points!
Paul is the second most prolific contributor
to the New Testament
A New Covenant
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Christianity differed from Judaism because it focused
on Jesus as the messiah.
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To Christians, the New Testament represents the
establishment of a new covenant with God and faith
in Jesus.
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This new covenant replaced strict observance of the
law as the way to fulfill the covenant.
Persecution
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Rome had a long history of tolerance, or acceptance,
of varied religious traditions.
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EXCEPT for Judaism and Christianity; because they
did not make sacrifices for the emperor, nor did they
honor the gods, who Romans believed, had brought
so much success to the empire.
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Roman officials suspected them of disloyalty to
Rome.
They began to persecute Christians.
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Persecution
of Saint Ignatius
Christian Martyrs
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Roman rulers like Nero used Christians as scapegoats, blaming
them for social or economic ills.
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Over the centuries, thousands of Christians became martyrs,
people who suffer or die for their beliefs.
Both Peter and Paul were killed in Rome during the reign of
Nero.
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Christianity’s Appeal
Despite attacks, Christianity spreads
Reasons for Christianity spreading:
1.
Christian ethics generated broad interest.
2.
Jesus welcomed all people, especially the humble,
poor, and oppressed.
3.
Belief in equality and dignity brought support from
common people.
4.
A better life after death.
5.
Christian missionaries, like Paul added ideas from
Plato, the Stoics, and other Greek thinkers to
Jesus’ message.
Triumph
- Roman persecution of Christians finally
ended in A.D., 313
- Emperor Constantine issued the
Edict of Milan
- It granted freedom of worship to all citizens
of the Roman empire.
- Constantine’s mother, Helena was a devout
Christian and influenced his decision.
Church Gains Power
Group work pg. 37 –39
5 points
Causes
Effects