Transcript Judaism and Christianity

Judaism and Christianity
Ch. 1 Sec. 3 & 4
Judaism
Jewish Teachings
• The Israelites were monotheistic,
meaning they believed in one God.
• They believed that God had made a
covenant, or promise/ binding agreement,
with Abraham and his descendants
• The Torah = first five books of Bible.
• Prophets of Israel preached a strong code
of ethics, or moral standards of behavior.
Positive and Negative Events
Positive
• A man named
Abraham founds the
nation of Israel.
• A man named Moses
eventually leads his
people in their
exodus, or escape,
from Egypt.
Negative
• Famine Forced
Israelites to migrate to
Egypt, where they
spent 400 years as
enslaved workers.
• The nation of Israel is
divided in Canaan by
twelve separate tribes
feuding.
Positive and Negative Events
Positive
• David unites the Israelite
tribes into a single
kingdom.
• Soloman turned
Jerusalem into
impressive capital and
built splendid temple.
Negative
• Revolts begin after
Soloman’s death, split
kingdom.
• Assyrians and
Babyloninans invade.
• At the end of captivity
from Babylon, the
diaspora, or scattering of
the Jews, begins.
Christianity
Life of Jesus
• At 30, Jesus begins preaching and word of
his miracles attracts large crowds.
• His teachings are rooted in Jewish
tradition. He taught about the need for
justice, morality, and service to others.
• Taught followers to “Love your neighbor as
yourself”
• His disciples would carry on his teachings
after his death.
Jesus Attracts Followers
Causes
• At age 30 Jesus
begins preaching. To
help him in his
mission he chose
twelve apostles
(followers)
• Word spreads that he
had performed
miracles of healing.
Effects
• Jesus regarded as a
troublemaker
• One disciple betrays
Jesus and he is put
on trial and crucified.
Christianity Spreads
Causes
• Paul, a missionary
after Jesus’ death,
journeys around the
Mediterranean. He
set up churches from
Jerusalem to Rome.
• Christian ethics, belief
equality and dignity
bring widespread
support.
Effects
• Roman persecution
ends when
Constantine allows
freedom of worship to
all citizens.
• Christianity started on
road to becoming
world religion.
Church Gains Power
Causes
• Clergy, such as
bishops begin gaining
power within
hierarchy of the
church.
• The bishop of Rome
eventually becomes
the leader of the
Church and is known
as the Pope.
Effects
• Schools to train clergy
eventually become
the worlds first
universities.
• Roman Catholic
Church becomes
leading medieval
institution in Europe.
Judeo-Christian Tradition
• Christianity is still a major world religion.
• Judaism, although not as widely practiced,
is still considered a major world religion.
• These two religions are major cultural
foundations of Western civilization.
• Many of our beliefs about fair treatment
and justice come from these traditions.
Writing
• Hellenistic civilization, the Greco-Roman
civilization, and the Judeo-Christian
tradition all contributed to the democratic
tradition. How did each of these contribute
to democracy?