Transcript Chapter 2 Ancient Egypt

Do Chapter 2 Vocab
Cataract
Delta
Papyrus
Hieroglyphics
Dynasty
Embalming
pyramid
tribute
incense
savanna
Pharaoh
Deity
Mummy
Chapter 2 Ancient Egypt
• Section 1 The Nile River
• I. Early Egypt
• 1. Around 6,000 B.C to 5,000 B.C hunters and
gatherers moved into the ________________.
• Nile River Valley
A. These people were the first _________
Egyptians
• 2. The Nile River provided the people of the
area all of the water they needed.
• A. the Nile is the world’s ___________.
• Longest River
• II. The Shape of the Nile
– 1. The shape of the Nile looks like a flower.
A. At the top is an area known as a _________.
Delta
• B. The Nile also has many _______ that are
rapids formed by large rocks in the river.
• cataracts
• III. Area around the Nile
– 1. On both sides of the Nile are _________ for as
far as can be seen.
– deserts
•
A. To the west is the ________, the
world’s largest desert.
– Sahara
• B. The Desert did have one huge advantage and
that was the ability to keep other ____________.
• armies away.
• C. Another feature helped keep people out
including cataracts and _________in the north.
• delta marshes
• 2. Even though the people were isolated, they
could still trade with others using the Red Sea
and the ______________.
• Mediterranean Sea
Homework- Copy Questions
• 1. What is one advantage of the desert to the
Egyptian people?
• 2. About what time did people begin to live in
Egypt?
• 3. What is the name of the largest desert
located in Egypt?
Get into Groups of 4
• Make sure one person has a phone with date.
• Work Quietly and one person get out a piece
of paper.
• Make a list of the 10 longest rivers in the
world.
Bellringer
• Finish Vocab and turn in.
Hold homework.
• IV. Flooding of Egypt
• 1. Like Mesopotamia, the people of Egypt
dealt with flooding.
• V. Use of the Flooding
• 1. The Egyptians used the floods to become
successful farmers.
A. They grew things like wheat, barley, and
____________.
Flax seeds
• B. Their success was largely attributed to their
wise use of ___________.
• Irrigation
• 2. They also created other forms of technology
including a ___________.
• Shadoof
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrZO_m0I
nqo
• A. Another technological discovery was the use
of ___________.
Papyrus
B. Papyrus was used for things such as
baskets, sandals, rafts and eventually ________.
Paper
• VI. Their own form of writing
1. The Egyptians developed their own system of
writing called ______________.
• Hieroglyphics
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_
detailpage&v=ANsBv8z-f1s#t=14
• A. The writing consisted of hundreds of
symbols that stood for objects or even
________.
• sounds
• 2. Only a select few men learned how to
____________.
• Read and write
• A. Like Mesopotamia, Egyptians had other
jobs than farming, such as making cloth
pottery and _____________.
• weapons
The Way it Was
• Read this section and answer the two
questions.
• We will go over the answers afterward.
Bellringer
• Remember to bring a paper folder for your
grades. We will pass out papers Thursday.
• VI. The Rise in Government
1. Advancements in farming and trade
created a need for government.
A. Irrigation needed to be fixed extra
grain needed to be handed out.
• 2. At first village chiefs were in charge of a certain
area.
A. But quickly many villages were united into
small kingdoms.
B. Soon the villages were in either Lower
Egypt or ____________.
Upper Egypt
• VII. Egypt Ruling Families
•
1. In 3100 B.C ___________ unified Egypt by
taking over Lower Egypt.
• Narmer
•
A. He passed down his empire down his
family in a system called a __________.
• dynasty
Dynasty Activity
• We know what a Dynasty is now.
• What are some Dynasty’s that we have had in
American Politics?
• Would a familiar name help you decide on
who to vote for?
• B. The dynasties are broken up into three
parts the Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom and
__________.
• New Kingdom
• VIII. Early Egypt Life
1. Social Classes
•
A. The Upper class was made up of
nobles, priests and other ____________.
• Rich people.
• B. The middle class was made up of people
who ran businesses or produced goods.
• C. The rest of the people were either farmers
or unskilled workers doing __________.
• Manual labor
Section 2
• Old Kingdom
• I. Old Kingdom Rulers
1. Around 2,600 the Old Kingdom began
and lasted until ________.
2300
A. The rulers of this time were called
____________.
Pharaohs
• B. The Pharaoh had many officials carry out
his orders without question because of their
belief that he was the son of Ra, the
___________.
• Sun God
Homework
• 1. What is the name of the leader that first
unified Egypt?
• 2. How long did the Old Kingdom last?
• 3. Who did most Egyptians believe that the
Pharaoh was related to?
Bellringer
• Compare what you learned about the Pharaoh
and the President of the United States. Write
5-6 Sentences on the topic. Make sure to think
about both similarities and differences.
• II. Religion
1. The Egyptians were very much into religion
and idolized many ____________.
deities
• A. The main God was Ra, the Sun god.
• B. Other important gods were ruler of the Nile
Hapi and ruler of the dead _________.
• Isis
• III. Life After Death
•
1. Unlike the Mesopotamians, Egyptians
believed in an afterlife that was better than
life on earth.
•
A. An important book called
__________ was believed to lead the people
to an afterlife.
• Book of the Dead
• 2. For a long time, the Egyptians believed that
only the Pharaohs would go to an afterlife and
needed to have their body preserved by
_______________ it.
• Embalming
• A. The final wrapped body was called a
_______.
• mummy
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQ5dL9cQX0
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGxLAXP_
ITc&feature=related
• IV. Egyptian Medicine
•
1. By working with human bodies during
mummification, people became more
knowledgeable of the human body.
•
A. They used ___________to treat
illnesses.
• Herbs and drugs
• V. Pyramids
•
1. When a Pharaoh died they were buried
in a massive tomb called a __________.
• Pyramid
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BdALkK2y
DEE
• A. The giant tomb protected the body from
weather, animals and kept his
______________.
• Belongings for the afterlife
• 2. It took thousands of people and years to
build a pyramid.
•
A. Most of the time the farmers were the
main workers during the floods.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BdALkK2y
DEE
Bellringer
• Find one part of Egyptian life that you can
compare and contrast between life then and
now. 5 sentences.
3. Each Pyramid sat on a square base
facing the North.
A. They found North by studying
Astronomy, where they invented a 365 day
calendar, with 12 months and 3 seasons.
• 4. Egyptians made advancements in math
while making the pyramids.
•
A. They invented a system of written
numbers based on ___.
• 10
• 5. Once a site was chosen the people would
look for _______ anywhere they could find it.
• Stone.
• A. Once cut they would pull the stone blocks
over logs to the building site.
• VI. The Great Pyramid
•
1. Around 2540 B.C the largest Pyramid was
built and known as the _________.
• Great Pyramid
• A. The pyramid was built near _______ for
King Khufu.
• Cairo
• B. It was the tallest building for ______ years
equaling the size of a 48 story building.
• 4, 000
• 2. The pyramids are quite impressive, they
were used without animals specials tools or
even the _________.
• Wheel
Quiz
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1. Egyptians found north by studying what?
2. Created numbering system based on what?
3. What were the pyramids made of?
4. The largest pyramid known as?
5. What city was the great Pyramid built in?
6. How many stories high was the Great Pyramid?
7. Pyramid was built without ?
8. Who is the Sun God?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=play
er_detailpage&v=OtZKEjr-Sfg#t=411
Bellringer
• Read The Prince Who Knew His Fate.
• Answer Questions on Page 54-58 Numbers 1-4
• Quiz Corrections• Following corrections we will watch Egyptian
video
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GC9dmVu
MRN0
• Use firefox browser with adblock plus
A Few New Things
• Popsicle Stick Lottery- Pick up stick and match
to desk number.
• Talk time. Every 15 of good hard work equals 2
minutes of free talk time. Mess up and we will
use that time to copy out of the book.
Project instructions
• 1. Create a visual representation on either my
paper or you can buy your own.
• 2. Will be about a part of Egypt. Use book and
even sections we have not got to yet.
• 3. Present next Monday. Work on it this in
class Thursday and Friday.
• Tell us who, what, where, when and
something interesting. Include pictures what
ever you can fit on this sheet.
Put into groups
• I will put you in groups now.
• Use time of 10 minutes to talk and brainstorm.
• Will grade based on your seriousness on
presentation -10 for class disturbances,
creativity, information and grade from others
in group on your participation.
Section 3
• The Egyptian empire
I. The Middle Kingdom
• 1. Around 2300 B.C the pharaohs of Egypt lost
control.
• A. New family in place meant a move from
Memphis to Thebes.
• B. The middle kingdom lasted from 2050 to
1670 B.C.
II. Conquering others
• 1. Egypt took Nubia from the South and
attacked now Syria.
• A. The conquered people sent tributes, giving
lots of money to Egypt.
• Find Egypt and Syria and label it on the map
you have.
III. Increase in arts
• 1. Interest in the arts increased during the
middle kingdom.
• A. No more pyramids, now Pharaohs were
buried in side of mountains called Valley of
the Kings.
IV. Conquered
• 1. In 1670 the middle kingdom ended.
• A. Nobles fought for control once again.
• B. Another threat lurked from western Asia
known as the_____________.
• Hyksos
• 2. The Hyksos were mighty warriors that
fought on ___________.
• Horse drawn chariots
• A. The Hyksos ruled for about 150 years
before Egyptian prince took back power.
V. The New Kingdom
• 1. The prince that brought Egypt back into
power was ___________.
• Ahmose
• A. He began the new kingdom, which lasted
from 1550 to 1080. B.C.
• 2. During this time the Pharaohs became very
________________.
• Imperialistic
Homework
• Think about what you want for your project.
• Find pictures to place on visual
representation.
• Advisory Read Section 1 and 2.
• Or I will get a book for you to read and write a
paragraph about each day.
Bellringer Constitution Day
1. In what year was the Constitution put into
effect?
2. Who is called the “Father of the
Constitution”?
VI. Woman Ruler
• 1. A woman ruler named Hatshepsut came
into power around 1473 B.C.
• A. Was not as interested in conquering as
others, more into _________.
• Trade.
VII. More Imperialism
• 1. When Hatshepsut died her nephew took
over named____________.
• Thutmose III
Nubia
• 2. The empire grew rich from many tributes
from the conquered.
• A. Also enslaved prisoners of _________.
• War.
VIII. Monotheism
• 1. Around 1370 B.C Amenhotep IV found that
priests were taking power from Pharaohs so
he tried to get rid of all gods and focus on
__________.
• Aton
• A. Changed his name to Akhenaton and ruled
from a new city.
• B. Egypt was attacked from the Hittites and
lost a lot of the western parts of Asia.
IX. King Tutankhamen
• 1. When Akhenaton died his son in law took
over at the age of _____.
• 10
• Famous more for his discovery by Howard
Carter than his actual rule.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZWB5aXMXQ
X. Ramses II
• 1. For 66 years Ramses II ruled and helped
rebuild Egypt.
• A. He regained land in western Asia and began
a building program.
Egypt 2 Quiz
• 1. What was Hatshepsut most famous for?
• 2. What was the name of the singular god of
Egypt?
• 3. What was Hatshepsut most interested in?
• 4. What land did Akhenaton lose?
• 5. Who discovered King Tut?
• 6. How long did Ramses II rule?
Bellringer
• Write about one country that you have
learned about throughout your life that was
imperialistic, other than Egypt. Tell me what
they did and why to the best of your
knowledge. 6 sentences.
• 80 for less than 6 complete sentences
• 70-less than 5, 60-less than 4, etc.
Circle Graph Egypt and Mesopotamia
• For both- both relied on a main river throughout
most of the area
• For Mesopotamia- Did not believe in an afterlife
• For Egypt- obsessed with the afterlife.
• Find two more of each category to make your
circle graph.
XI. Temples built
• 1. Under New Kingdom rulers temples were
built for many purposes.
• A. These temples were thought to house the
gods and goddesses.
XII. Egypt’s decline and fall
• 1. Following the rule of Ramses II, Egypt began
to fade.
• A. The main problem came from being unable
to defend themselves because of a lack of
____________.
• Iron ore
• 2. By 1150 B.C the Egyptians had lost their
empire all except for the ___________.
• Nile Delta
• A. A number of countries took over Egypt
from Libyans, to people of Kush and finally
Assyrians.
Section 4
• The Civilization of Kush
I. Nubia
• 1. In an area south of the Egyptians on the
Nile was a civilization first known as Nubia but
later______________.
• Kush
• 2. More than likely people arrived in Nubia
around 2000 B.C as _________.
• Cattle herders.
• From now on Quizzes will be the day following
our notes. Giving you time to study the night
before.
Homework
• 1. What would Nubia come to be known as?
• 2. Name the three civilizations that would
eventually rule Egypt following the rule of
Ramses II.
• 3. What did the Egyptians lack that would lead
to their demise/end?
• 4. What was the main purpose of the temples
built by Ramses II?
The Civilization of Kush
Chapter 2 Section 4
(pages 69-72)
Did You Know???
• The upper class in
ancient Egypt had
indoor bathrooms,
though they did not
have running water.
I. Nubia (pages 69-70)
A. The region of Nubia,
later known as Kush,
was located south of
Egypt on the Nile
River.
B. The first people to
arrive in Nubia were
cattle herders, who
grazed their herds on
the savanna. Later,
farmers settled in
villages in Nubia.
A savanna is a grassy
plain.
Four peoples of the ancient world:
Syrian, Nubian, Libyan, and Egyptian.
C. More powerful
Nubian villages took
control of weaker
ones, and the
kingdom of Kerma
was created.
D. People of Kerma
traded with the
Egyptians, and
Kerma became
wealthy.
The people of Kerma
traded with Egyptians
and served as warriors
in the Egyptian armies.
E. The kings of Kerma
were buried in tombs
like the Egyptian
pharaohs.
F. Egypt invaded
Kerma, and after 50
years of war, Kerma
was defeated. During
Egyptian rule, the
people of Kerma
adopted many
Egyptian ways.
Well-preserved body of a female
servant buried with one of the kings
of Kerma, about 1650 BC.
II.
The Rise of Kush
(pages 70-72)
A. Nubians broke away from Egypt and formed their
own kingdom called Kush.
B. The Kushite kings
ruled from the city of
Napata, which was
located along the
upper Nile. This
location helped the
Kush people become
important traders, and
Kush grew wealthy.
C. A king named Kashta
and his son, Piye
conquered Egypt in
728 B.C.
D. The Assyrians later
invaded Egypt and
forced the Kushites
out.
E. The Kushites learned
iron working from the
Assyrians. The
Kushites were the
first Africans to
become iron workers.
Iron working skills helped the
Kushites make farming tools.
Superior tools helped them grow
more crops. They also could make
iron spears and swords. Traders
also traded iron to other peoples.
F. Kush moved the
ruling city south to
the city of Meroe,
farther away from the
Assyrians. Meroe
became an important
center of trade and
iron working.
G. Kushite kings rebuilt
Meroe to look like
Egypt, with pyramids
and temples.
H. Kush eventually
declined in power,
and the kingdom of
Axum rose up.
Axum invaded Meroe
and burned it to the
ground.