Transcript Chapter 2 Section 1

A. Old Kingdom (2700 B.C. – 2200 B.C.)
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1. Pharaohs organize strong government.
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2. Egyptians believe pharaoh is a god.
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3. Old Kingdom also known as Pyramid Age.

4. Collapsed due to power struggles, crop failures, pyramid
costs.
B. Middle Kingdom

1. Egyptians suffer food shortages. (Nile issues)

2. People rebel due to corruption.
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3. Pharaohs drain land for farming which worked
very well!!

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4. Hyksos conquer Egypt.
C. New Kingdom

1. Powerful Pharaohs build large empire
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2. Queen Hatshepsut becomes Pharoh; encourages trade.
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3. Ramses II conquers Palestine and Syria.

Egypt’s geography
There were
mountains,
desserts, a river,
and access to the
Mediterranean
Sea.

A. Geography
 1. . There were deserts to the east and west of the
Nile River.
 2. Mountains to the south.
 3. Nile
▪ A. World's longest river.
▪ B. Water would run off the mountains
and the Nile would flood.
▪ C. flood waters receded, black rich
fertile soil was left behind (Gift of the
Nile)
D. Water for drinking and bathing.
E. Supported transportation and
trade.
F. Provided materials for building,
making clothes, and making paper
(papyrus)

B. Life
1. Egyptians practiced polytheism. The belief in many
Gods.
2. They prepared their dead for the afterlife through
mummification
3. They believed their Pharohs were both god and king.
4. Made advance in learning and
medicine:
 a. skilled at observing symptoms,
diagnosing illnesses, and finding cures.
 b. Perform surgery.
 c. Medicines still used today: Anise,
caster beans, saffron.
 d. developed a calendar, 12 months, 30
days and 5 days added on at the end of
each year.
 e. created picture writing and
sculptures of animals
5. Written Records – Hieroglyphics.
a. French discovered how to interpret this
early 1800’s when they discovered the
Rosetta Stone in Egypt.