Transcript 4. Family 5. Emotional Development 6. Closing Thoughts 3. Intimacy

1. Introduction
2. Fact or Fiction?
3. Intimacy
4. Family
5. Emotional Development
6. Closing Thoughts
2
Introduction
3
Fact or Fiction?
Fiction
Fact
1. Emerging adulthood females tend to have similar
numbers of same-sex and cross-sex friends?
2. The three basic dimensions of romantic
love are passion, intimacy, and commitment.
3. Gay and lesbian couples generally have the same
relationship problems as heterosexual couples.
4. Among emerging adults, depression is more prevalent
than anxiety.
4
Friendship
What are some gender differences in friendships among emerging adults?
Friendship
Males and
same-sex friends
Cross-sex friendships
Greater number of friends
Demand less of friends
Less likely to divulge failures,
emotional problems,
relationship dilemmas
Apt to give practical advice
Physical contact through
competition or combat
Differences more cultural
than biological
In emerging adulthood,
helps expand self and gender
boundaries
Usually not a prelude to
romance, but not always the case
Outsider assumptions can
cause problems
Females and
same-sex friends
More intimate and emotional,
including self-disclosing talk
Likely to share problems about
health, romance, and relatives
When giving advice or support,
greater show of sympathy
Physical contact routine, such as
hugs for greetings and farewells
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The Development of Love
intimacy versus isolation: Task of adults to seek someone with whom
to share their lives in an enduring and self-sacrificing commitment.
Three distinct components of love, according to Sternberg (1988)
Marriage
Passion
Intimacy
Commitment
“Falling in love”; an
intense physical,
cognitive, and
emotional onslaught
characterized by
excitement, ecstasy,
and euphoria.
A reciprocal aspect of
romance; knowing
someone well, sharing
secrets and nakedness
as well as sex.
Grows gradually
through decisions to
be together, mutual
caregiving, shared
possessions, and
forgiveness (fincham
et al., 2007).
Cohabitation
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Marriage
What are some recent statistics about the state of U.S. marriages?
Some subjects of 2009 U.S. Census
Findings
What percent of adults between the
ages of 20 and 25 were married
12 percent of men;
20 percent of women
How many adults were married?
57 percent
What was the divorce rate?
3.6 divorced compared to 7.3
married per 1,000
homogamy: Marriage between individuals who tend to be similar
(i.e., attitudes, interests, goals, socioeconomic status, religion,
ethnic background, and local origin).
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Marriage
[Video: Relationship States: Marriage]
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Marriage
[Video: Relationship States: Cohabitation]
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Marriage
[Video: Excerpts from the Documentary Up:
Three Young Women from Working Class
Backgrounds]
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Domestic Violence
What percentage of U.S. homicides involves husbands or wives?
Homicide Rate Among people who know each other, 1976-2005, United States
Female Victims
Percent
50
Male Victims
Percent
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
Offenders
Intimate – spouse or boyfriend/girlfriend
Source: Maguire, 2010.
0
Non-spousal family member
Offenders
Acquaintance
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Well-Being
In general, what sense of well-being do emerging adults experience?
Young Adults’ Self-Ratings of Well-Being
Average
rating
4.25
4
Men
Women
Total
3.75
Age
18
Source: Schulenberg et al., 2005, p. 424
19-20
21-22
23-24
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Psychopathology
diathesis-stress model: The view that psychological disorders, such as schizophrenia,
are produced by the interaction of a genetic vulnerability(the diathesis) and stressful
environment factors and life events.
How do genes and experience interact in some psychopathologies experienced by emerging adults?
Psychopathology
Mood
disorders
 bipolar depression: In adulthood, the
grandiosity of the mania and the
despair of depression may be
unchecked by the normal restraints
on children (Geller et al., 2008;
Merikangas & Pato, 2009).
 depression: Life experiences of
emerging adulthood can set a
downward spiral in motion though
major depression may be rooted in
biochemistry (in particular,
neurotransmitters and hormones.)
Anxiety
disorders
 Evident in one-fourth of all U.S.
residents below the age of 25
(more prevalent than depression,
worldwide): Panic attacks, PTSD
(post-traumatic stress disorder),
OCD (obsessive-compulsive
disorder).
 Young adults face a higher rate of
trauma (military combat, rape,
serious accident) yet are less
protected by parents or spouses
(Odlaug et al., 2010).
Schizophrenia
 Becoming overwhelmed by
disorganized and bizarre
thoughts, delusions, hallucinatio
ns,and emotions (American
Psychiatric Association, 2000).
 Worldwide, symptoms typically
begin in adolescence, with
diagnosis most common in ages
18 to 24, with men particularly
vulnerable (Anjum et al., 2010).
 Cause is partly genetic, but
factors of early childhood
malnutrition (or malnutrition
during pregnancy) or extensive
social pressure may be involved. 13
Closing Thoughts
A theme of human development is that continuity
and change are evident throughout life — what
are some of the major social and emotional
challenges and changes of emerging adulthood?
14