Transcript Pituitary Gland

TOPIC: Regulation
Aim: Explain the function the different
endocrine glands.
Do Now: Ditto – Human Nervous System
Mapping Review
HW: Ditto – Did you Know?
X
A B
X
A
B
C
1.Which cells are target cells for hormone A?
Explain why.
2.Which cells are target cells for hormone B?
Explain why.
Endocrine Glands
Hypothalamus
• Part of the brain
• Produces hormones that
control pituitary gland
Pituitary Gland
• Controls
activities
of other
glands
(formerly
known as
the
MASTER
GLAND)
• Hormones:
– Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH):
stimulates thyroid
– Growth Hormone (GH): regulates
growth (bones, muscles, tissues)
14-year old Khagendra Thapa
Magar shown in the picture
with another boy is only 50
centimetres (20 inches) tall
and has been submitted to the
Guinness world record as the
world's smallest person. The
previous world record holder
was a Jordanian boy at 25.5
inches tall. Weighing only 4.5
kilograms, he is shown in
exhibitions to collect fund for
his education.
– Follicle stimulating hormone
(FSH) and leutinizing hormone
(LH): stimulate testes and ovaries
Thyroid
• Releases THYROXINE
• Regulates rate of metabolism
This X-ray shows how
an enlarged right lobe
of the thyroid has
moved the trachea to
the patient's left. The
trachea (outlined in
light yellow) should be
straight from the
mouth down to the
lungs, but in this
patient it is
compressed and
displaced far to the
left.
Parathyroid glands
• Release PARATHORMONE
• Controls level of calcium in
blood
Adrenal Glands
• Release
adrenaline
in times of
stress,
emergency
• Increases heart rate, blood
pressure, breathing rate,
sweating
Islets of Langerhans
• Cells on the PANCREAS
• Release:
1.Insulin:
lowers blood
glucose level
2.Glucagon:
increases
blood glucose
level
Gonads
a. Ovaries
• Release:
– Estrogen = development of
secondary sex characteristics
–Progesterone = prepares
uterus for fertilization
b. Testes
• Release
testosterone
– sperm
production
– development of
male secondary
sex
characteristics
Negative Feedback
• Maintains
homeostasis
• Controls the
release of
hormones
throughout the
body
Thermostat
Temperature goes
above set value
Thermostat
turns on heat
Thermostat
turns heat off
Temperature falls
below set
temperature
• A hormone can cause the release
or stop the release of another
hormone
• Examples:
1. Maintaining blood sugar levels
with insulin and glucagon
Maintaining blood sugar level
(liver
converts
glycogen to
glucose)
and more glucagon
(cells absorb
some glucose
and liver
converts
glucose to
glycogen)
Homeostasis: Maindex
2. Amount of thyroxine in
the blood
Thyroxine Level
Thyroxine level too low
Thyroxine level decreases
Thyroid decreases thyroxine
production
Pituitary gland stops TSH
production
Pituitary gland secretes TSH
TSH stimulates thyroid to
produce thyroxin
Thyroxine level increases
Thyroxine level too high
3. Maintaining body
temperature
Identify the gland
being described.
1. Produces thyroxine
2. Regulates calcium
levels in the blood
3. Is called the master
gland.
4. Controls the
pituitary gland
5. Secretes GH, TSH,
LH, and FSH