Transcript The Menstrual Cycle

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Reproductive system
Table of Contents
• The Endocrine System
• The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
• The Human Life Cycle
•
•
•
The Endocrine System
Functions of Endocrine Glands
• The endocrine glands include the
hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid,
adrenal, thymus, and pancreas.
The Endocrine System
Functions of Endocrine Glands
• The ovaries in females and testes in males are
also endocrine glands.
The Endocrine System
Functions of Endocrine Glands
• The pituitary gland communicates with the
hypothalamus to control many body activities.
The Endocrine System
Negative Feedback
• Through negative
feedback, when the
amount of a
particular hormone
in the blood reaches
a certain level, the
endocrine system
sends signals that
stop the release of
that hormone.
The Endocrine System
Negative Feedback Activity
• Click the Active Art button to open a browser
window and access Active Art about negative
feedback.
• Web Code : cep-4071
The Endocrine System
Relating Cause and Effect
• As you read, identify the effects of pituitary
hormones. Write them in a graphic
organizer like the one below.
Effects
Activate other glands
Cause
Pituitary hormones
Regulate growth
Regulate water balance
Regulate blood pressure
The Male and Female
Reproductive Systems
Male Reproductive System
• The male reproductive system is specialized to
produce sperm and the hormone testosterone.
The structures of the male reproductive system
include the testes, scrotum, and penis.
The Male and Female
Reproductive Systems
Female Reproductive System
• The role of the female reproductive system is to produce
eggs and, if an egg is fertilized, to nourish a developing
baby until birth. The organs of the female reproductive
system include the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and
vagina.
The Male and Female
Reproductive Systems
The Menstrual Cycle
• During the
menstrual
cycle, an egg
develops in an
ovary. At the
same time,
the uterus
prepares for
the arrival of
an embryo.
Sequencing
The Male and Female
Reproductive Systems
• As you read, make a cycle diagram like the one
below that shows the menstrual cycle. Write
each event of the process in a separate circle.
The Menstrual Cycle
Days 1–4 Menstrual
discharge
Days 23–28
Egg enters uterus
Days 16–22
Egg moves through
oviduct
Days 5–13
Developing egg
Days 14–15
Ovulation
End of Section:
The Male and Female
Reproductive Systems
The Human
Life Cycle
Protection and Nourishment
• The membranes and other structures that
form during development protect and nourish
the developing embryo, and later the fetus.
Birth
The Human
Life Cycle
• There are two types of
twins: identical twins
and fraternal twins.
The Human
Life Cycle
Building Vocabulary
• After you read section 3, reread the
paragraphs that contain definitions of Key
Terms. Use all the information you have
learned to write a sentence using each Key
Term.
Key Terms:
embryo cord
umbilical
fetus
adolescence
amniotic sac
puberty
placenta
Examples:
A ropelike
Until
the ninth
structure
weekcalled
of pregnancy,
the umbilical
the developing
cord formsbaby is
called an the
between
embryo.
fetus and the placenta.
From
the ninth
week of development
until
birth, become
the
The stage
of development
during which
children
developing
human
is mentally
called a fetus.
adults
physically
and
is called adolescence.
One membrane surrounds the embryo and develops into a
fluid-filled
amniotic
sac.
Puberty is sac
the called
periodthe
of sexual
development
in which the
body
becomesisable
to reproduce.
The placenta
the link
between the embryo and the
mother.
The Human
Life Cycle
Links on Before Birth
• Click the SciLinks button for links on before
birth.
• Web code: scn-0473
The Human
Life Cycle
Growth and Development
• Click the Video button to watch a movie
about
growth and development.
End of Section:
The Human Life Cycle
Graphic Organizer
Egg is fertilized.
Zygote is formed.
Embryo develops.
Fetus develops.
Baby is born.
End of Section:
Graphic Organizer