Transcript Document
Teresa Thomas, RN, BSN, MBA-HCM
Seminar 1
• Located under the DocSharing tab
• Please read in its entirety
– Pay special attention to:
• Late Policy
• How to Label your Work and Email
EX: TThomas Unit 3 Option 2
• Grading and Rubrics
• Due Dates
• Plagiarism Policy
Attendance @ Seminar
• Flex Seminar: Invitations sent by Tuesday
• Check Calendar View weekly for the Seminar you want to attend
•
•
•
If you don’t receive an invite by Wednesday morning, email your
professor prior to so that another invitation can be sent
Purpose: Give an overview of Unit’s Chapters
Grading: Review grading rubric in the Class Syllabus
– Expectations
• Be on time, stay the full hour
• Active relevant participation
• Questions/Responses during seminar
Option 2
• You must complete and submit if you did not attend one of the
available seminars
• Directions are listed under each Unit tab – click on the “seminar icon”
located to the right. Then scroll down to view the directions.
• Review grading rubric for Option 2 in the Class Syllabus
– Expectations
• Well Written Response – must include a reference per the directions.
• Not all Units contain a Discussion Board activity
• Initial response required by Saturday
• Recommend Posting early in the Week
– Allows for others to respond
– Assists in meeting participation requirements
• Post at least 2 other responses to your classmates
by Tuesday
• Must contain a reference if you use material
from another source.
• Use Spell Checker and proper grammar
The Final Project needs to be a PPT: Use APA
formatting
– Where to find APA information…
• apastyle.org
• Kaplan Writing Center
– Reference any information that does not come
from your own ideas or thoughts….
– Pictures or Figures (watch copyright issues)
Final Project – Unit 9
– Lists the directions
– Submit in Microsoft PPT only
• The 50-point diagram quiz is based on the material from
the Unit.
• The Diagram Quizzes are for you to assess your ability to
diagram structures correctly.
• These diagrams are set up to help you practice your
knowledge.
– They are required!
– It is recommended that you take them more than
once, if you do not score the full 50 points.
– The diagrams are due by the end of this Unit.
• Read ALL of the instructions prior to attempting to
complete the diagrams.
– Practice, Practice, Practice – this is how we learn!
• Midterm is in Unit 5
– Seminar will be a review of the previous Units covered on the
Midterm
– 3 hours to take the exam
– 100 questions
– Save answers often!
• Final Exam is in Unit 10
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Covers all of the course Units
Has more questions from Units 6 through 10
3 hours to take the exam
Contains a Diagram
Save answers often!
Thibodeau, G. & Patton, K. (2007). Structure & Function of the
Body. Mosby
– Etext available under the DocSharing Tab
– Read the preface to learn the textbook set-up
– Use the CD that accompanies the textbook
• Animation Direct
– Narrated , Anatomical Concepts & Physiological
Principles
• Classroom Unit tabs
– Readings: Textbook PPT’s, Anatomy Andy, Flashcards,
Games, Puzzles
– Discussion Board (not for every Unit)
– Seminar: Flex and Option 2
– Quiz (Diagram Quiz)
• Announcements
– Please check frequently
– For my Sections: My Contact information
• Questions thus far?
• Let’s get started
– Unit 1
• Chapter 1
– Structure Level and Organization
– Anatomical Positions
– Body Cavities & Regions
– Plane & Body Structures
– Homeostasis
– Feedback Loops
• Chapter 4
– Eleven Organ Systems of the Body
• The study of the structure of the parts of the
body:
– ANATOMY
• The study of the function of the parts:
– PHYSIOLOGY
• Disruption of physiology can lead to disease
• Study of diseases of body:
– PATHOLOGY
• There is an order to the body arrangement
– It is the way the body is organized
– This is called the hierarchy of the body
– The smallest level is the chemical level:
Atom
cell
organ system
tissue
organ
organism (body)
• These are landmarks for giving directions
• Universal terms used by Health Care Professionals
• This is the way we communicate about areas regarding
the human body: (i.e.)
– Body position
• Anatomical, Supine, Prone
– Body direction
• Superior & Inferior, Anterior & Posterior, Medial &
Lateral, Proximal & Distal, Superficial & Deep
– Body Planes (Sections)
• Sagittal, Midsagittal, Frontal, Transverse
– Body Cavities
• Ventral & Dorsal, Thoracic, Abdominopelvic
• Any references made to
structures from now on
assume Anatomical Position
• It is the
– the patient’s right and left
(not yours)
• ASSUME ALL DIRECTIONS
START HERE
• Supine – lying face upward
• Prone – lying face downward
Superior
“above” along the vertical axis of the body in anatomical
position
like someone who is “superior”
Cephalad or Cranial
towards the head
Inferior
“below” along the vertical axis of the body in anatomical
position
like someone who feels less than or “inferior”
Caudal
towards the tail
Anterior
Towards the front of the body
Also called – Ventral
“venter” = Latin for belly
Anterior and Ventral mean towards the belly or front of the
body
Posterior
Towards the back of the body
Also called - Dorsal
“dorsum” = Latin for back
Posterior and Dorsal mean towards the back of the body
• Not really above, not really towards the
front……..
• Medial
– Toward the midline of the body
• Lateral
– Toward the side of the body, away from
midline
Example
The heart is
___ to the lungs and the
lungs are ________ to the heart.
• There are special terms used especially for
the limbs
• Proximal
– toward or closest the point of attachment or
trunk
– “close proximity”
• Distal
– away from the point of attachment or trunk
– “distance”
Now….Let’s look at some examples!
The elbow is
wrist
The fingernail is
knuckle
The hip is
The fingers are
to the
to the
to the knee.
to the shoulder.
• The next terms are used to describe the
position of structures relative to the body
surface
• Superficial
– towards the surface of the body
– more external
• Deep
– away from the surface of the body
– more internal
• 3 common planes frequently used to:
– describe dissections
– to look inside an organ or the body as a whole
• Frontal Plane
– “coronal plane”
– This is a vertical plane
– Divides the body into anterior/posterior parts
• Transverse Plane
– “Cross-Sectional” or “Axial”
– horizontal plane runs parallel to ground
– diving body into cranial/caudal parts
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Sagittal
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Divides body into right and left sides
–
Runs from front to back
Frontal or Coronal Plane
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Anterior/Posterior halves
–
Runs for side to side
Traverse Plane is cross sectional
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Runs parallel to ground
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Divides body into upper and lower
halves
• “Cavity” - any hollow place or space in the
human body
• Major cavities are used to divide body
into regions and describe the organs
found within
• Viscera
– fancy term used to describe the organs
within a cavity
• Visualize the body in anatomical position
• Locate the dorsal & ventral regions
• Dorsal Cavity
– towards the back
– subdivided into 2 cavities
• Cranial cavity - houses the cranium and
brain
• Spinal cavity - houses the spinal cord
and vertebral column
• Ventral Cavity
– towards the front of the body
– Subdivided into 2 cavities
• Thoracic Cavity
– superior ventral cavity
– everything from the diaphragm to the neck
– has right and left side which houses the
lungs
– contains an area with tissues and organs
between the lungs called the mediastinum
• Inferior ventral cavity:
• Abdominopelvic Cavity
– everything from the diaphragm to the groin
area
– Subdivides into:
• Abdominal cavity
– superior abdominopelvic cavity
– contains digestive organs (except sigmoid
colon)
• Pelvic cavity
– inferior abdominopelvic cavity
– contains reproductive organs, urinary bladder,
sigmoid colon, rectum
• Abdominal Cavity is
divided into 9 regions
– Rt hypochondriac
– Epigastric
– Lt hypochondriac
– Rt lumbar
– Umbilical
– Lt lumbar
– Rt iliac
– Hypogastric
– Lt iliac
• Four roughly
equal sections
• Named according
to relative position
**Remember
Anatomical Right
& Left**
• All the systems work together to promote
balance
• Homeostasis
• The ability for the body to maintain an internal
environment for proper function
• The body functions best at homeostasis
• When the body moves away from homeostasis, you
move toward disease
• Loss of homeostasis at any level of the hierarchy can
affect the rest of the body
• Ultimate loss of homeostasis = Death
• There is a negative feedback loop and a
positive feedback loop
• The most common is _________________?
• Think about the thermostat in your house.
– Cold air comes in the house, temp falls, and the
thermostat tells the furnace to turn on. Furnace
produces heat and warms the house. Bringing it back
to normal.
– Your body works the same way
• Positive feedback loops
– Increases a rate of events to occur until something
stops the process
• There are 11 major organ systems
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Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Lymphatic
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive
When you choose a
disease for your project,
you will choose a disease
from one of the systems
that we cover in this
course. Be sure to review
the syllabus content
outline, which lists the
systems that we cover.
They are: Skeletal,
Muscular, Nervous, and
Endocrine systems
• Weekly:
– Complete the readings and online materials.
– Attend Seminar
– Complete the discussion/participation requirements
required for the Unit.
– Take the Diagram Quiz if required for the Unit.
if
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– Remember to add your name, section number and
subject to email subject line
• Ex: tthomas section#00 Unit 3 Diagram Quiz
Question
• Questions?