CHAPTER ONE - Hollidaysburg Area School District
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Transcript CHAPTER ONE - Hollidaysburg Area School District
Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy
The study of the ______________ of an organism
For example, memorizing the bones of a human
Comes from the Greek ana = up; tome = to cut
Literally means “_____ ________ _____”
Physiology
The study of the ________________ of a structure
How do cardiac cells function together to make the heart beat
uniformly?
Comes from the Greek physio = form; logy = study of
Literally means “______ _________ ______ ________”
Meet the greatest anatomy student ever . . .
AMMO C. TOSO!
A – ______________
M – ______________
M – __________________
O – ______________
C – ______________
T – ______________
O – ______________
S – ______________
O - ______________
Superior/Inferior
The head is ____________ to the chest.
The foot is _____________ to the knee.
Anterior/Posterior
The heart is _____________ to the spinal cord.
The esophagus is ______________ to the trachea.
Medial/Lateral
The arms are ______________ to the spine.
The nose is ______________ to the ears.
Proximal/Distal
The shoulder is ________________ to the hands.
The toes are _____________ to the hip.
Superficial/Deep
The hypothalamus is ________________ to the cortex.
Skin is ________________ to muscle.
Central/Peripheral
The spinal cord is __________________ to the lungs.
The ears are __________________ to the brain.
Sagittal, transverse, and
coronal
Used to observe internal
parts of a an organism or
organ
The human body is divided up into two major cavities.
Those two cavities are then subdivided .
The purposes of the cavities are to:
let the organs __________ independently of the body
wall
___________ the organs
allow easy chemical ______________ between the organs
and the rest of the body
restrict ______________; keep it localized
Integumentary - skin
Internal conditions remain _______ ___________
despite ___________ changes
Comes from the Greek homeo = similar; stasis =
standing
Examples:
Blood pH – _____
Blood temp – _______o F
Blood pressure – _____/_____
Blood glucose concentration – _____%
A disease is an abnormal condition that upsets
_______________.
There are four types of disease. They are summarized
in the table below.
Types of Disease
Characteristics
Examples
Restricted to one specific part of body
Pneumonia, cancer
Affects many organs or entire body
AIDS, MS
Sudden onset; usually severe
Influenza,
meningitis
Occurs gradually; not as severe
Diabetes, cancer
Brief History of Medicine (42:32)