Transcript the knee
Acute Care Lab Krzyzanowicz-Spring ‘10 Femur ◦ Main upper leg bone (thigh bone) Tibia ◦ Main weight lower leg bone Medial malleolus comes off of this Mensici sit on the tibia Fibula ◦ Non-weight bearing bone on the lateral aspect of the leg Lateral malleolus comes off of this Joint capsule ◦ Protects the ligaments inside Peanut shell protecting the peanut inside Can sprain/injure the capsule Cruciate Ligaments ◦ Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Limits anterior movement of the tibia as well as rotation ◦ Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) Limits posterior movement of the tibia as well as rotation ◦ Both inside the joint capsule ACL injury PCL injury Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) ◦ On the medial aspect of the knee Prevents valgus force of the knee Most often sprained ligament Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) ◦ On the lateral aspect of the knee Prevents varus force of the knee More difficult to sprain than MCL Meniscus ◦ Help provide cushion for the joint ◦ Fairly common to injure Collateral ligaments Meniscus Standing, knee in about 30 degrees of flexion ◦ Two anchors about mid-thigh ◦ Two anchors about mid-calf ◦ Create a fan (elastic tape) Places one strip down center of joint Places one strip from anterior leg, crossing joint Places one strip from posterior leg, crossing joint All pulling distal to proximal Anchor after every strip May need to repeat elastic tape strips, if not tight enough Standing-knee flexed to about 30 degrees ◦ Two anchor strips mid-thigh ◦ Two anchor strips mid-calf Heel-lace pad in the popliteal fossa (prevents irritation) ◦ Elastic strip down the middle of the knee ◦ Elastic strip from lateral knee crossing the joint ◦ Elastic strip from medial knee crossing the joint Anchor strips after each piece of tape Pull distal to proximal May need to repeat elastic strips to prevent hyperextension Used to prevent excessive movement of the patella ◦ Very expensive tape ◦ First must determine which way the patella is moving Chose the correct taping method to correct the problem Place cover roll over the patella ◦ Places a piece of leukotape over mid-patella and pulls medially-to the femoral condyle ◦ Places leukotape over lateral border of patella and pulls medially to medial femoral condyle ◦ Corrects any rotations that may be occurring Place leukotape over mid-patella and pull to opposite shoulder of the rotation May not need to do this steps Repeats any steps above if needed