Transcript COGNADOS /cOGNATES

COGNADOS
/COGNATES
Cognates Quiz
• On your own paper, write what you think the
following cognates mean:
1. diciembre
11. activo
2. mapa
12. turista
3. tomate
13. artista
4. melón
14. inteligente
5. animales
15. acción
6. diccionario
16. agosto
7. falso
17. música
8. estudiante
18. elefante
9. accidente
19. historia
10. autógrafo
20. pingüino
Cognates Quiz
Check your answers:
1. diciembre - December
11. activo - active
2. mapa - map
12. turista - tourist
3. tomate - tomato
13. artista - artist
4. melón - melon
14. inteligente - intelligent
5. animales - animals
15. acción - action
6. diccionario - dictionary
16. agosto – august
7. falso - false
17. música – music
8. estudiante- student
18. elefante – elephant
9. accidente - accident
19. historia – history
10. autógrafo - autograph
20. pingüino – penguin
What is a COGNATE?
Examples:
NOT
words that are cognates
in Spanish and English
nouns:
profesor/ professor
diccionario/dictionary
familia/family
words that are
cognates
perro/ dog
hermano/ brother
amigo/ friend
adjectives: atlético/athletic
curioso/curious
bonita/pretty
atrevido/ mischievous
verbs:
hablar/ to speak
ir/ to go
adorar/ to adore
admirar/ to admire
COGNATES
SPELLED THE SAME
Definition:
Cognate
•
n. a word related to a word in another language
[Latin co (same) + gnatus (born)]
Greek Cognates
All the following Greek cognates are nouns.
•Amnesia
•Anemia
•Aroma
•Beta
•Drama
•Gas
•Melodrama
Latin Cognates
The following words share common meanings in
English and Spanish
•Atlas
•Balance
•Civil
•Control
•Debate
•Escape
•Noble
•Simple
Words with an –a ending
•Arena
•Extra
•Idea
•Lava
•Pasta
•Villa
•Visa
Words with an –able ending
•Culpable
•Favorable
•Implacable
•Improbable
•Inevitable
•Miserable
•Notable
•Sociable
Words with an –al ending
All the following words are adjective and/or
nouns.
•Animal
•Capital
•Decimal
•Experimental
•Final
•General
•Hospital
•Ideal
Words with an –ar ending
•Altar
•Circular
•Irregular
•Lunar
•Perculiar
•Perpendicular
•Regular
•Similar
Words with an –ible ending
•Combustible
•Compatible
•Flexible
•Horrible
•Incompatible
•Irreversible
•Reversible
Words with an –or ending
All of the following words are adjectives and/or
nouns.
•Auditor
•Conductor
•Doctor
•Exterior
•Factor
•Humor
•Inferior
•Terror
COGNATES
SPELLED SIMILAR
WITH A LITTLE
VARIATION
Spanish words that end in -a, -o or -e very often
have an equivalent in English.
Simply drop or change the last vowel.
aire
atleta
caso
causa
costo
creativo
crédito
dieta
drama
favorito
forma
There are many Spanish cognates that end in -ción. The
equivalent English word ends in –tion.
acción
degeneración
administración
descripción
admiración
eliminación
animación
experimentación
aplicación
información
asociación
investigación
atención
organización
celebración
representación
combinación
transformación
concentración
transportación
contaminación
vegetación
creación
vocación
Words that end in -ary in English very
often have a Spanish cognate that ends
in -ario.
aniversario
diccionario
disciplinario
itinerario
literario
necesario
ordinario
vocabulario
English words that end in -ic usually have a
Spanish cognate that simply add an -o.
Atlántico
automático
democrático
escolástico
fantástico
gimnástico
linguístico
optimístico
pesimístico
romántico
sarcástico
Words that in in -dad are quite common in Spanish. They usually correspond
to an English word that ends in -ty. All of these words are feminine in
gender.
autoridad
ciudad
comunidad
dificultad
formalidad
necesidad
prosperidad
publicidad
universidad
velocidad
Spanish words that end in –mente are
usually the equivalent of –ly words in
English – and usually adverbs.
correctamente
especialmente
exactamente
finalmente
generalmente
moralmente
naturalmente
obviamente
rapidamente
English words than end in –ent often have a cognate in
Spanish that ends in –ente. These are usually adjectives but
sometimes also nouns.
agente
cliente
diferente
equivalente
indiferente
suficiente
Words than end in –ence or –ance often have a
Spanish cognate ending in –encia or -ancia
conciencia
diferencia
distancia
experiencia
importancia
instancia
obediencia
permanencia
tolerancia
FALSE COGNATES!
Definition:
Amigos Falsos (false friends)
1.
n. words that look like words in another language, but
do not have the same meaning.
n. words that sound the same as words in another
language, but do not have the same meaning
For example, the Spanish word carpeta does not
mean carpet in English, instead it means folder.
Un juego de adivinanza
(a little guessing game)
Guess what the following Spanish words mean:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
pan =
Experiencia =
Soportar =
Actualmente =
Ambicioso =
Carpeta =
Demostrar =
8. éxito =
9. recordar =
10. Vaso =
11. Prepara r=
12. Pie =
13. Advertencia =
examples of amigos falsos…
1. pan = BREAD
2. Experiencia = experience
3. Soportar = TO PUT UP WITH
4. Actualmente = CURRENTLY
5. Ambicioso = ambitious
6. Carpeta = FOLDER
7. Demostrar = to demonstrate
8. éxito = SUCCESS
9. recordar = TO REMEMBER
10. vaso = GLASS/CUP
11. Preparar = to prepare
12. Pie = FOOT
13. Advertencia = WARNING
Be careful with the following words!
Spanish Word
English Translation
English word
Spanish Translation
ACTUAL
Current, present-day ACTUAL
Real, efectivo
ASISTIR
To attend
ASSIST
ayudar
CARPETA
folder
CARPET
alfombra
CASUALIDAD
coincidence
CASUALITY
victima
COLEGIO
High school
COLLEGE
universidad
CONTESTAR
To answer
CONTEST (v.)
contender
DELITO
crime
DELIGHT
delicia
DISGUSTO
Annoyance, worry
DISGUST
asco
EMBARAZADA
pregnant
EMBARRASSED
Avergonzado(a)
ESTIMADO
esteemed
ESTIMATE
estimación
ÉXITO
Success
EXIT
salida
LARGO
long
LARGE
grande
Continue… plus more!
Spanish Word
English Translation
English word
Spanish Translation
LECTURA
reading
LECTURE
conferencia
LIBRERÍA
bookstore
LIBRARY
biblioteca
PARADA
stop
PARADE
desfile
PARIENTE
relative
PARENT
padre
REALIZAR
To come true
REALIZE
Darse cuenta
RECORDAR
To remember
RECORD
grabar
ROPA
clothes
ROPE
cuerda
SANO
healthy
SANE
cuerdo
SOPA
soup
SOAP
jabón
SOPORTAR
tolerate
SUPPORT
apoyar
SUCESO
event
SUCCESS
éxito
ÚLTIMAMENTE
recently
ULTIMATELY
Al final
FLUENCY
Pronunciation through music
Independent Practice: (stop at second 41)