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Sponge ACT prep word of the day! fastidious (adj) Difficult to please; delicate to a fault; fussy. Ex. Ryan was most fastidious about his room; not only did he dust and vacuum regularly, he realigned posters on the wall and straightened books on the shelves so that it would be orderly as well as clean. Write one paragraph about what you will do during the long weekend. Include the word of the day at least once. Agenda Sponge (10) Quick review of Pathologies of the Integumentary system (20) Pathologies Rounds- Diagnose your patients (40) Exit: Integumentary System Quiz (30) Homework: Finish Rounds Pathology of the Integumentary System Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Lesions of Skin A lesion is a physical change in the tissue caused by disease or trauma A medical term for Boo-boo Three types Primary Secondary Tertiary Only focusing on primary and secondary Primary Lesions of the Skin Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Macule Tumor External swelling varies is size shape and color Flat, small discolored spot or patch on skin. Vesicle Cannot palpate. Blister with clear fluid inside is Like a freckle found just beneath the epidermis Patch Like a macule but larger About 1cm in diameter Papule Small elevated pimple of the skin. Plaque A larger version of the papule Tubercle Solid lump bigger than papule Bulla Blister containing a watery fluid. Larger than a vesicle Pustule A blister that has pus inside it, ugh Wheal Itchy swollen lesion that lasts only a couple of hours Like a bug bit Acne Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Skin condition that occurs when pores in the skin become blocked and infected. Sebum is the major cause of the blockage Excess secretion of sebum is caused by a number of factors, the most significant being hormonal changes during adolescence, which is greatly influenced by genetic heredity. Other factors include climate (especially hot and humid areas), stress, and hormonal changes during menstruation. Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved WebMD: Acne http://www.webmd.com/ video/acne-myths Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Athlete's Foot Caused by fungus Can only thrive in a warm, moist environment Causes itching, cracking and peeling of the skin on the foot, especially between the toes. Highly contagious and can be easily contracted by contact with an exposed surface such as a swimming pool deck, shower floor, locker room floor, bathroom, etc... Three main kinds of athlete's foot: chronic seasonal ulcerative Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Basal Cell Carcinoma The most common skin cancer Most common in head and neck Linked with sun exposure Usually stays put and does not go to other areas of the body Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Basaliom1.jpg on 12/04/07 Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Bruise Superficial injury Most likely caused by blunt trauma Causes reddish-blue or purple discoloration Burns Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Tissue damage caused by excessive heat, electricity, radioactive, or corrosive chemicals Destroy the proteins in exposed cells Burns make fluid loss easier and allow bacterial and other foreign organisms easily accessible to the person 1st Degree Burns surface of epidermis mild pain erythema (redness) no blisters skin functions remain intact ex: typical sunburn 2nd Degree entire epidermis and maybe some dermis some skin functions are lost redness blister formation painful scarring may result 3rd Degree destroyed epidermis and epidermal derivative skin function is lost no pain because the nerve endings are destroyed Dandruff Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Excessive flaking of skin from the scalp The drier the skin the faster it sheds. Tends to be worse during the winter. Hyperhidrosis Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved This is excessive sweating There are two types: Primary No apparent cause- Idiopathic Found in about 3% of the population Usually confined to the palms, soles, axilla (arm pits), groin Secondary/General Caused by various conditions Fever Thyroid Diseases Tuberculosis Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Psoriasis A chronic inflammatory process Disease, characterized by pink or dull red patches or sores that are flat on top and covered by silvery scales Usually appear on the scalp, knees, fingernails, trunk, elbows and anogenital areas. Squamous Cell Carcinoma Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved 2nd most common skin tumor Over 250,000 new cases per year estimated in the United States. Often locally invasive, stays put Most frequently associated with excessive exposure to sun Most common in face, and back of hands Shows up as scaling, ulcerate nodules Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Squam ous_Cell_Carcinoma.jpg on 12/04/07 Created by Scott Ford © 2007 All rights reserved Varicella/Chickenpox Viral infection of childhood Fever, vesicular eruption, Patient get vesicles all over People who have has this disease may get the sequel Shingles in adult life Shingles is a painful!!!!! Skin eruption that is usually on one side of the body (unilateral) and along one dermatomes level. Usually the onset of Shingles correspond to some sequence of events that lowered the hosts immune functions, cold, stress, AID's Agenda for Monday/Tuesday Thanksgiving stories (share out) Welcome Back! (3 weeks of material and then finals week!) Time to kick it into gear! Look at progress report, copy down contact information, bring back signed tomorrow/Wednesday. (worth HW) Circle your highest grade, lowest grade. What area in class are you strongest in? Weakest in? What are you going to do in the next 3 weeks to make sure you leave this class with the best grade possible? Pathology of the Integumentary Notes Rounds! (identifying patient diseases) Quiz on Thu/Fri on Integumentary System Rounds: For each patient: 1. In 1 sentence describe your diagnosis. 2. In 2-3 sentences describe why you choose the specific diagnosis. You may use your notes as a tool.