Transcript Space – The Final Frontier - rogers

Space – The Final Frontier
 Just Breaking
as light has athe
finitesound
speed, so
does sound.
barrier
It depends on temperature and altitude, but the
average speed of sound on earth is about
760mph (340m/s). Once humans began to fly,
our first milestone was to have a pilot fly faster
than the speed of sound – called Mach 1.
Chuck Yeager was born and raised in WV. In
1947, Chuck Yeager drove the first plane to
break the sound barrier. In this first checkpoint,
the US was ahead of rest of the world in the
space race. Today, the fastest planes regularly
break Mach 2 (1550mph), though they have to
get permission to do so – it creates a sonic
boom!
 Just as light has a finite speed, so does sound.
It depends on temperature and altitude, but the
average speed of sound on earth is about
760mph (340m/s). Once humans began to fly,
our first milestone was to have a pilot fly faster
than the speed of sound – called Mach 1.
Chuck Yeager was born and raised in WV. In
1947, Chuck Yeager drove the first plane to
break the sound barrier. In this first checkpoint,
the US was ahead of rest of the world in the
space race. Today, the fastest planes regularly
break Mach 2 (1550mph), though they have to
get permission to do so – it creates a sonic
boom!
 Though the
Americans
were
traveling
fast,
the
Space Race Begins
Soviets were travelling far. In August of 1957,
the Soviets launched the first intercontinental
ballistic missile (ICBM). On October 4, 1957,
the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik
I. The world's first artificial satellite was about
the size of a basketball, weighed only 183
pounds, and took about 98 minutes to orbit the
Earth on its elliptical path. One month later,
they launched Sputnik 2 (Sputnik means
traveler), and on this satellite, there was a dog
named Laika. These events marked the start of
the space age and the U.S.-U.S.S.R space
race.
Though the Americans were traveling fast, the
Soviets were travelling far. In August of 1957, the
Soviets launched the first intercontinental ballistic
missile (ICBM). On October 4, 1957, the Soviet
Union successfully launched Sputnik I. The
world's first artificial satellite was about the size of
a basketball, weighed only 183 pounds, and took
about 98 minutes to orbit the Earth on its elliptical
path. One month later, they launched Sputnik 2
(Sputnik means traveler), and on this satellite,
there was a dog named Laika. These events
marked the start of the space age and the U.S.U.S.S.R space race.
 In 1958, the USSR began construction on the
first space craft Spacecraft
called Vostok. The Americans
created the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration to begin to compete. By 1961,
President John F. Kennedy decided to “bring it”:
he made a speech in which he pledged the US
would put a man on the moon by the end of the
decade. Meanwhile, Yuri Alekseyevich
Gargarin, a Soviet, was the first to orbit Earth in
Vostok 1. Three weeks later, American Alan
Shepherd was the first American in space. This
jockeying in the race continued throughout the
60’s.
 In 1958, the USSR began construction on the
first space craft called Vostok. The Americans
created the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration to begin to compete. By 1961,
President John F. Kennedy decided to “bring it”:
he made a speech in which he pledged the US
would put a man on the moon by the end of the
decade. Meanwhile, Yuri Alekseyevich
Gargarin, a Soviet, was the first to orbit Earth in
Vostok 1. Three weeks later, American Alan
Shepherd was the first American in space. This
jockeying in the race continued throughout the
60’s.
 The Mariner Project was a series of US space
Project on the inner
probes build Mariner
to provide information
planets – Mercury, Venus, and Mars. Mariner 2
launched in 1962. Many embarrassing disasters
on the launch pad at Cape Canaveral. Due to
the bad press, the final phase of the Mariner
Project was renamed Voyager and its mission
changed. Voyager 1 launched from Kennedy
Space Center September 1977. In 1980 it
approached Saturn. Voyager 2 also launched
from Cape Canaveral in 1977. The purpose of
the Voyagers was to study the outer solar
system and, eventually, interstellar space.
 The Mariner Project was a series of US space
probes build to provide information on the inner
planets – Mercury, Venus, and Mars. Mariner 2
launched in 1962. Many embarrassing disasters
on the launch pad at Cape Canaveral. Due to
the bad press, the final phase of the Mariner
Project was renamed Voyager and its mission
changed. Voyager 1 launched from Kennedy
Space Center September 1977. In 1980 it
approached Saturn. Voyager 2 also launched
from Cape Canaveral in 1977. The purpose of
the Voyagers was to study the outer solar
system and, eventually, interstellar space.
 There were several other programs designed to
study our
space Probes
neighborhood.
Viking 1 and 2
Space
(Satellites)
(launched in 1976) were the first successful
landings on Mars. Voyager 2 has seen Neptune
and Uranus up close. Both Voyagers have
passed Pluto and are in the heliopause.
Galileo(1989) was the 1st probe to orbit Jupiter.
Other famous probes are the Cassini (to Saturn
in 1997), Magellan (US) and Vanera 9 (USSR)
(to Venus in 1989 and 1975), Spirit and
Opportunity (rovers on Mars, 2003). NEAR – the
Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous landed on the
asteroid Eros in 2001, and the ESA landed
Philae on a comet in 2014.
 There were several other programs designed to
study our space neighborhood. Viking 1 and 2
(launched in 1976) were the first successful
landings on Mars. Voyager 2 has seen Neptune
and Uranus up close. Both Voyagers have
passed Pluto and are in the heliopause.
Galileo(1989) was the 1st probe to orbit Jupiter.
Other famous probes are the Cassini (to Saturn
in 1997), Magellan (US) and Vanera 9 (USSR)
(to Venus in 1989 and 1975), Spirit and
Opportunity (rovers on Mars, 2003). NEAR – the
Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous landed on the
asteroid Eros in 2001, and the ESA landed
Philae on a comet in 2014.
Shepherd
Yeager
Gergarin
ICBM
Sputnik
Laika
Vostok
Mariner
Voyager
Cassini
Magellan
NASA
Vanera
Spirit
Opportunity
NEAR
Philae
Heliopause
Mach 2
Sonic Boom
Mach 1