Transcript Reformation_MC - SheehyAPEuro

Protestant Reformation
1. “You venerate the saints and delight in touching their relics, but
you desire the best one they left behind, the example of a holy
life…If the worship of Christ in the person of His saints pleases you
so much, see to it that you imitate Christ in the saints.”
The quotation above expresses the views of which of the
following?
A. Henry VIII of England
B. Catherine de Medici
C. Erasmus of Rotterdam
D. Leonardo di Vinci
E. Niccolo Machiavelli
2
1. “You venerate the saints and delight in touching their relics, but
you desire the best one they left behind, the example of a holy
life…If the worship of Christ in the person of His saints pleases you
so much, see to it that you imitate Christ in the saints.” The
quotation above expresses the views of which of the
following?
A. Henry VIII of England
B. Catherine de Medici
C. Erasmus of Rotterdam Early critic of the Church
D. Leonardo di Vinci
E. Niccolo Machiavelli
3
2. Thomas More’s Utopia
placed the blame for
society’s problems on:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Human nature
God’s will
Society itself
The individual
4
2. Thomas More’s Utopia
placed the blame for
society’s problems on:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Human nature
God’s will
Society itself
The individual
5
3. According to the Dutch
humanist Erasmus, the key
to reform was:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Education
Control of the papacy
A pious life
The concerted effort which only a
strong state could afford
6
The Protestant
Reformation
7
4. The most important goal of the Council of
Trent was the:
A. Strengthening of internal Church
discipline
B. Organization of military opposition to the
Reformation
C. Establishment of new religious sects
D. Reduction of papal control of doctrine
E. Preparation of revised prayer book
8
4. The most important goal of the Council of
Trent was the:
A. Strengthening of internal Church
discipline
B.
C.
D.
E.
Organization of military opposition to the
Reformation
Establishment of new religious sects
Reduction of papal control of doctrine
Preparation of revised prayer book
9
5. Which of the following beliefs was
central to Martin Luther’s religious
philosophy?
A. Salvation by faith alone
B. Saints as intermediaries between the
individual Christian and God
C. The sacrament of penance
D. The priesthood as distinct from the laity
E. The equality of men and women
10
7. The Brethren of the
Common Life represent:
A. The extent of Protestant conversions in
Italy
B. The power and appeal of John Calvin’s
message
C. An example of Pre-reformation popular
piety
D. A typical response of the papacy of the
Reformation
11
7. The Brethren of the
Common Life represent:
A. The extent of Protestant conversions in
Italy
B. The power and appeal of John Calvin’s
message
C. An example of Pre-reformation popular
piety
D. A typical response of the papacy of the
Reformation
12
8. Martin Luther wrote his letter
entitled “Ninety-five Theses” to
Archbishop Albert in response to:
A. Luther’s personal struggle with the
question of salvation
B. The election of Charles V
C. The draining of Germany’s wealth by
the papacy
D. A new campaign to sell indulgences
13
9. According to Luther,
salvation
A.
B.
C.
D.
Comes from good works and faith
Can be earned
Comes from God’s free gift of grace
Is predestined
14
11. In his On Christian Liberty,
Luther used the term freedom to
mean:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Freedom from poverty
Political liberty
Freedom from the Roman Church
Freedom from any type of servile
situation
15
11. In his On Christian Liberty,
Luther used the term freedom
to mean:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Freedom from poverty
Political liberty
Freedom from the Roman Church
Freedom from any type of servile
situation
16
12. The Reformation affected
women in all of the following ways
EXCEPT:
A. By exalting marriage
B. The husband and wife were to be in
equal partners in marriage
C. That women assumed control of the
domestic religious arena
D. That women played a greater role in
organizing public charity
17
12. The Reformation affected
women in all of the following ways
EXCEPT:
A. By exalting marriage
B. The husband and wife were to be in
equal partners in marriage
C. That women assumed control of the
domestic religious arena
D. That women played a greater role in
organizing public charity
18
13. Luther believed that
women should:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Manage the household economy
Be equal in all things
Rule the household
Pursue careers outside the home
19
13. Luther believed that
women should:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Manage the household economy
Be equal in all things
Rule the household
Pursue careers outside the home
20
14. Luther’s idea about Roman
exploitation of Germany
A. Appealed to political aspirations of
German princes
B. Were met with dismay by the ruling elite
C. Led to administrative reform in the
empire
D. Found an audience only among the
peasantry
21
14. Luther’s idea about Roman
exploitation of Germany
A. Appealed to political aspirations of
German princes
B. Were met with dismay by the ruling elite
C. Led to administrative reform in the
empire
D. Found an audience only among the
peasantry
22
15. Charles V believed it was
his duty to:
A. Enable his subjects to lead their life
in peace and prosperity
B. Destroy Protestantism
C. Maintain both the political and
religious unity of Europe
D. Reform the Catholic Church
23
15. Charles V believed it was
his duty to:
A. Enable his subjects to lead their life
in peace and prosperity
B. Destroy Protestantism
C. Maintain both the political and
religious unity of Europe
D. Reform the Catholic Church
24
16. John Knox was influential
in the Reformation in:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ireland
Scotland
Switzerland
Sweden
25
17. As a result of the peace of
Augsburg, the people of Germany:
A. Remained Catholics
B. Were able to practice the religion
of their choice
C. Converted to Lutheranism
D. Became either Lutheran or Catholic
depending on the preference of
their prince
26
18. The majority of the German
princes who adopted Lutheranism
did so
A.
B.
C.
D.
For economic and political reasons
For religious reasons
To appease their subjects
Only with great reluctance
27
18. The majority of the German
princes who adopted Lutheranism
did so
A.
B.
C.
D.
For economic and political reasons
For religious reasons
To appease their subjects
Only with great reluctance
28
19. The Protestant
Reformation in Germany
A. Weakened the power of secular states
B. Contributed to its continued
fragmentation
C. Destroyed Habsburg influence in the
empire
D. Helped pave the way for a unified nation
29
19. The Protestant
Reformation in Germany
A. Weakened the power of secular states
B. Contributed to its continued
fragmentation
C. Destroyed Habsburg influence in the
empire
D. Helped pave the way for a unified nation
30
20. In its relationship to
secular power, Lutheranism
can best be described as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Antagonistic
Indifferent
Supportive
Rebellious
31
20. In its relationship to
secular power, Lutheranism
can best be described as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Antagonistic
Indifferent
Supportive
Rebellious
32
21. Calvin’s reform movement
was
A. Suppressed by the civil authorities in
Geneva
B. Restricted to Switzerland and France
C. Thoroughly integrated into the civil
government of Geneva
D. Rejected from any role in the secular
government of Geneva
33
21. Calvin’s reform movement
was
A. Suppressed by the civil authorities in
Geneva
B. Restricted to Switzerland and France
C. Thoroughly integrated into the civil
government of Geneva
D. Rejected from any role in the secular
government of Geneva
34
22. Ulrich Zwingli attacked all of the
following EXCEPT:
A. Indulgences
B. Monasticism and the Mass
C. Cooperation between religious and
civil authorities
D. Clerical celibacy
35
22. Ulrich Zwingli attacked
all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Indulgences
B. Monasticism and the Mass
C. Cooperation between religious and
civil authorities
D. Clerical celibacy
36
23. Central to Calvin’s
theology is the principle of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Free will
Predestination
Christian liberty
Justification by faith and good
works
37
24. According to Calvin, the
elect were:
A. The leaders of the Genevan
Consistory
B. The intellectual leaders of the
Reformation
C. Those individuals chosen for
salvation
D. All Protestants
38
25. The Genevan Consistory
A. Regulated the behavior of Genevans in a
manner consistent with other European
cities
B. Severely regulated the conduct of
Genevans
C. Routinely harbored religious dissenters
from around Europe
D. Attempted to suppress Calvinism
39
25. The Genevan Consistory
A. Regulated the behavior of Genevans in a
manner consistent with other European
cities
B. Severely regulated the conduct of
Genevans
C. Routinely harbored religious dissenters
from around Europe
D. Attempted to suppress Calvinism
40
26. The decision to burn Michael
Servetus at the stake indicates
A. Calvin’s hatred of Roman Catholicism
B. The religious intolerance of the
Catholic Inquisition
C. Luther’s rejection of the Protestant
theologians
D. Calvin’s harsh view of religious
dissent
41
26. The decision to burn Michael
Servetus at the stake indicates
A. Calvin’s hatred of Roman Catholicism
B. The religious intolerance of the
Catholic Inquisition
C. Luther’s rejection of the Protestant
theologians
D. Calvin’s harsh view of religious
dissent
42
28. Calvinism became the driving
force in international
Protestantism because
A. It preached predestination
B. Luther was embroiled in the conflict
with the papacy
C. Of the social and economic
application of Calvin’s ideas
D. Of Calvin’s linguistic and legal skills
43
28. Calvinism became the driving
force in international
Protestantism because
A. It preached predestination
B. Luther was embroiled in the conflict
with the papacy
C. Of the social and economic
application of Calvin’s ideas
D. Of Calvin’s linguistic and legal skills
44
29. The dissolution of the
English monasteries
A. Resulted from Henry VIII’s desire to
confiscate their wealth
B. Resulted in more equitable distribution of
land
C. Deeply disturbed the English upper
classes
D. Was the result of rebellious activities of
the monks
45
29. The dissolution of the
English monasteries
A. Resulted from Henry VIII’s desire to
confiscate their wealth
B. Resulted in more equitable distribution of
land
C. Deeply disturbed the English upper
classes
D. Was the result of rebellious activities of
the monks
46
30. Recent research on the English
church before Henry VIII’s break
with Rome indicates that:
A. A vast gap existed between the clergy
and the English people
B. The church was in a very healthy
condition
C. Conditions in England mirrored those on
those on the Continent
D. Clerical abuse and ignorance was worse in
England than on the Continent
47
30. Recent research on the English
church before Henry VIII’s break
with Rome indicates that:
A. A vast gap existed between the clergy
and the English people
B. The church was in a very healthy
condition
C. Conditions in England mirrored those on
those on the Continent
D. Clerical abuse and ignorance was worse in
England than on the Continent
48
31. The Reformation in
England was primarily the
result of:
A. Dynastic and romantic concerns of
Henry VIII
B. The missionary activities of the
Lollards
C. The terrible conditions then
existing in the English churches
D. Efforts by Luther and his followers
49
32. The Pope refused to annul
Henry VIII’s first marriage for all
of the following reasons EXCEPT
that:
A. He was distracted by the Lutheran Revolt
and the Habsburg-Valois wars
B. He would have had to concede that the
previous Pope had erred, adding fuel to
Luther’s fire
C. Henry’s wife was the Aunt of Charles V,
who had just captured Rome
D. Henry’s Case for annulment had no
justifiable basis in Canon Law
50
32. The Pope refused to annul
Henry VIII’s first marriage for all
of the following reasons EXCEPT
that:
A. He was distracted by the Lutheran Revolt
and the Habsburg-Valois wars
B. He would have had to concede that the
previous Pope had erred, adding fuel to
Luther’s fire
C. Henry’s wife was the Aunt of Charles V,
who had just captured Rome
D. Henry’s Case for annulment had no
justifiable basis in Canon Law
51
33. The Catholic
Reformation sought to
A. Reform the liturgy of the Catholic
church
B. Restored the Conciliar Movement
C. Initiate institutional reform
D. Stimulate a new spiritualism
52
33. The Catholic
Reformation sought to
A. Reform the liturgy of the Catholic
church
B. Restored the Conciliar Movement
C. Initiate institutional reform
D. Stimulate a new spiritualism
53
34. In religious affairs,
Elizabeth I of England
followed a policy that
A. Supported the efforts of the
Puritans
B. Emphasized personal and public
religious conformity
C. Was a middle course between
Catholic and Protestant extremes
D. Favored Catholics over Protestants
54
34. In religious affairs,
Elizabeth I of England
followed a policy that
A. Supported the efforts of the Puritans
B. Emphasized personal and public religious
conformity
C. Was a middle course between Catholic
and Protestant extremes
D. Favored Catholics over Protestants
55
35. In the wars that
accompanied the Protestant
Reformation in Germany, the
German princes were
supported by
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Habsburg dynasty
The Ottoman Turks
France
Charles V
56
35. In the wars that
accompanied the Protestant
Reformation in Germany, the
German princes were
supported by
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Habsburg dynasty
The Ottoman Turks
France
Charles V
57
36. In the sixteenth century,
French foreign policy was based on
the
A. Defense of Burgundy and acquisition of
the Low Countries
B. Territorial expansion of the French state
C. Continuation of political fragmentation of
Germany
D. Desire to crush the Protestant movement
58
36. In the sixteenth century,
French foreign policy was based on
the
A. Defense of Burgundy and acquisition of
the Low Countries
B. Territorial expansion of the French state
C. Continuation of political fragmentation of
Germany
D. Desire to crush the Protestant movement
59
37. The overriding goal of
the Catholic religious orders
established in the sixteenth
century was
A.
B.
C.
D.
Institutional reform
Reconciliation with Protestantism
To combat heresy and Protestantism
To uplift the spiritual condition of
both clergy and laity
60
37. The overriding goal of
the Catholic religious orders
established in the sixteenth
century was
A.
B.
C.
D.
Institutional reform
Reconciliation with Protestantism
To combat heresy and Protestantism
To uplift the spiritual condition of
both clergy and laity
61
38. The Index was
A. A list of official doctrines of the
Catholic church
B. A list of individuals condemned by
the Roman Inquisition
C. The Cardinals who directed the
Roman Inquisition
D. A catalog of forbidden reading
62
39. The Catholic Council of Trent
(1545-1563) had as its primary
result:
A. compromise with protestants to reunite Christians
B. a political compromise with the protestant princes
of central Europe
C. reform within the Catholic church and
reaffirmation of Catholic doctrine
D.the firm reestablishment of conciliar power over
the papacy
E. creation of a balance of power between the papacy
and the heads of the great Catholic states
63
39. The Catholic Council of Trent
(1545-1563) had as its primary
result:
A. compromise with protestants to reunite Christians
B. a political compromise with the protestant princes of central
Europe
C. reform within the Catholic church and reaffirmation of
Catholic doctrine
D.the firm reestablishment of conciliar power over the papacy
E. creation of a balance of power between the papacy and the
heads of the great Catholic states
64
40. A major difference between
Calvinism and Lutheranism relates
to:
A. clerical marriages
B. the place of women in society
C. emphasis on predestination
D. infant baptism
E. monasticism
65
41. Martin Luther’s response to the
German Peasants’ War of 15241525 demonstrated his:
A. ignorance of the economic plight of peasantry
B. emphasis on the social aspect of Christ’s teachings
C. refusal to comment on the social or political issues
D. belief in the necessity of unified German state
E.support of the prevailing social and political order
66
41. Martin Luther’s response to the
German Peasants’ War of 15241525 demonstrated his:
A. ignorance of the economic plight of peasantry
B. emphasis on the social aspect of Christ’s teachings
C. refusal to comment on the social or political issues
D. belief in the necessity of unified German state
E.support of the prevailing social and political order
67
42. Salvation by faith alone, the
ministry of all believers, and the
authority of the Bible are principles
basic to:
A. The Christian humanism of Erasmus
B. the church of England
C. Catholicism after the council of
Trent
D. Lutheranism in the early sixteenth
century
E. the Society of Jesus (Jesuit Order)
68
43.The response of the Roman
Catholic Church to the Protestant
Reformation included all of the
following EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The abolition of the Index of Prohibited Books
The establishment of the Society of Jesus (the
Jesuit Order)
The convening of the council of Trent
The founding of women’s orders active in
education and care of the sick
An increase in the number of parish grammar
schools
69
43.The Response of the Roman
Catholic Church to the Protestant
Reformation included all of the
following EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The abolition of the Index of Prohibited Books
The establishment of the Society of Jesus (the
Jesuit Order)
The convening of the council of Trent
The founding of women’s orders active in
education and care of the sick
An increase in the number of parish grammar
schools
70
44. The teachings of which of the
following had the greatest impact
on the reformation on the
Reformation of Scotland?
A. Ignatious of Loyola
B. John Calvin
C. Martin Luther
D. Desiderius Eramus
E. Ulrich Zwingli
71
44. The teachings of which of the
following had the greatest impact
on the reformation on the
Reformation of Scotland?
A. Ignatious of Loyola
B. John Calvin
C. Martin Luther
D. Desiderius Eramus
E. Ulrich Zwingli
72
45. Martin Luther initially
criticized the Roman Catholic
church on the grounds that it:
A. Supported priests as religious teachers
B. sponsored translations of the Bible into
vernacular languages
C. reduced the number of sacraments
D. used indulgences as a fund-raising device
E. formed close associations with secular
rulers
73
46. “In conformity, therefore, to the clear doctrine
of the Scripture, we assert, that by an eternal and
immutable counsel, God has once for all determined ,
both whom he would admit to salvation, and whom he
would condemn to destruction.” The idea expressed
in the passage above is most closely associated with
the theological views of:
A. Erasmus
B. Pope Leo X
C. Thomas More
D. John Calvin
E. Ignatius Loyola
74
46. “In conformity, therefore, to the clear doctrine
of the Scripture, we assert, that by an eternal and
immutable counsel, God has once for all determined ,
both whom he would admit to salvation, and whom he
would condemn to destruction.” The idea expressed
in the passage above is most closely associated with
the theological views of:
A. Erasmus
B. Pope Leo X
C. Thomas More
D. John Calvin
E. Ignatius Loyola
75
47. Which of the following is true
of the German Peasants’ Revolt of
1524-1525?
A. The revolt led to the emancipation of the German
serf.
B. The revolt was organized by Martin Luther to
break papal power in the German states.
C. The peasants were supported by French armies
during the revolt.
D. The revolt was the first in Europe in which
economic egalitarianism was a major rallying point.
E. The revolt resulted from a combination of new
religious ideas and peasant demands.
76
47. Which of the following is true
of the German Peasants’ Revolt of
1524-1525?
A. The revolt led to the emancipation of the German
serf.
B. The revolt was organized by Martin Luther to
break papal power in the German states.
C. The peasants were supported by French armies
during the revolt.
D. The revolt was the first in Europe in which
economic egalitarianism was a major rallying point.
E. The revolt resulted from a combination of new
religious ideas and peasant demands.
77
48. Major Protestant and Roman
Catholic leaders of the sixteenth
century condemned the
Anabaptists because Anabaptists:
A. rejected the Bible as the source of religious truth
B. favored government enforcement of morality
C. advocated a complete separation of church and
state
D. restored the privileges of the clergy
E. tried to reconcile Protestant and Catholic
teachings
78
48. Major Protestant and Roman
Catholic leaders of the sixteenth
century condemned the
Anabaptists because Anabaptists:
A. rejected the Bible as the source of religious truth
B. favored government enforcement of morality
C. advocated a complete separation of church and
state
D. restored the privileges of the clergy
E. tried to reconcile Protestant and Catholic
teachings
79
49. Martin Luther believed that
the most important role for a
Christian woman was to:
A. minister to the sick and poor
B. preach the word of God in church on
Sunday
C. become a wife and mother
D. lead a life devoted primarily to prayer and
contemplation
E. teach reading and writing in a religious
school
80
50. John Calvin established
the center of his reformed
church in:
A. Lyon
B. London
C. Wittenberg
D. Geneva
E. Basel
81
51. The primary purpose of the
Peace of Augsburg (1555) was to:
A. end the wars between the Hapsburgs and the
Valois
B. end the civil war between the Lutherans and
Roman Catholics in the German states
C. end the Thirty Years’ War
D. create better trade relations among German
princes
E. facilitate diplomatic relations between the holy
Roman Empire and the Ottoman Turks
82
51. The primary purpose of the
Peace of Augsburg (1555) was to:
A. end the wars between the Hapsburgs and the
Valois
B. end the civil war between the Lutherans and
Roman Catholics in the German states
C. end the Thirty Years’ War
D. create better trade relations among German
princes
E. facilitate diplomatic relations between the holy
Roman Empire and the Ottoman Turks
83
52. The Protestant Reformation
helped change the social roles of
sixteenth-century women by:
A. making marriage a sacrament
B. reemphasizing the adoration of the
Virgin Mary
C. reducing access to religious orders
D. emphasizing the social equality of
men and women
E. denying the right to divorce
84
52. The Protestant Reformation
helped change the social roles of
sixteenth-century women by:
A. making marriage a sacrament
B. reemphasizing the adoration of the
Virgin Mary
C. reducing access to religious orders
D. emphasizing the social equality of
men and women
E. denying the right to divorce
85
53. A central feature of the
Catholic Reformation was the:
A. Roman Catholic church’s inability to correct
abuses
B. establishment of new religious orders such as the
Jesuits
C. transfer of authority from Rome to the bishoprics
D. rejection of Baroque art
E. toleration of Protestants in Roman Catholic
countries
86
53. A central feature of the
Catholic Reformation was the:
A. Roman Catholic church’s inability to correct
abuses
B. establishment of new religious orders such as the
Jesuits
C. transfer of authority from Rome to the bishoprics
D. rejection of Baroque art
E. toleration of Protestants in Roman Catholic
countries
87
55. All of the following are major
aspects of Luther’s theology
EXCEPT:
A.Rejection of all sacraments expect
baptism and communion.
B.Substitution of German for Latin in
church services.
C. Permission for ministers to marry.
D.Acceptance of the doctrine of
transubstantiation.
88
55. All of the following are major
aspects of Luther’s theology
EXPECT:
A.Rejection of all sacraments expect baptism
and communion.
B.Substitution of German for Latin in church
services.
C. Permission for ministers to marry.
D.Acceptance of the doctrine of
transubstantiation.
89
56.A tenet of Calvinism not
found in other major
A. justification by faith in the truth of the
Bible
B. the possibility of salvation through regular
church attendance
C. the preordained damnation of most people
D. purification of the flesh by abstinence
90
57.The Council of Trent
(1545-1563) did which of
the following?
A. it defined Catholic beliefs and corrected
abuses
B. it reduced the number of sacraments to
three
C. it granted religious toleration to the
Huguenots in France
D. it accepted the doctrine of the priesthood
of all believers
91
58. The most powerful and
forceful of the emperors of
the Holy Roman Empire and a
contemporary of Martin
Luther was:
A.Charles V
B. Henry VIII
C. Francis I
D. Maximillan I
92
59. The Catholic CounterReformation:
A. Aimed to absorb many of the Protestant teachings within
the hierarchical structure
B. Combined papal authority and missionary activity in a
vigorous defense of Roman Catholic doctrine and reform of
certain practices
C. Failed because it was instituted by the papacy with little
popular support
D. threatened to freeze Roman Catholicism in its superstitionridden form by refusing to acknowledge any weaknesses in
Catholic practices
93
59. The Catholic CounterReformation:
A. Aimed to absorb many of the Protestant teachings within
the hierarchical structure
B. Combined papal authority and missionary activity in a
vigorous defense of roman catholic doctrine and reform of
certain practices
C. Failed because it was instituted by the papacy with little
popular support
D. threatened to freeze Roman Catholicism in its superstitionridden form by refusing to acknowledge any weaknesses in
Catholic practices
94
60. All of the following were
causes of the Protestant
Revolution EXCEPT:
A. a growing conflict between the ambitions of the
newly emerging middle-class and the ascetic ideals
of early Christianity
B. the growth of a national conscience in northern
Europe and the rise of despotic governments
C. and increasing number of abuses that were
developing in the church
D. an increasing respect for the papacy and the
theology of Saint Thomas Aquinas
95
60. All of the following were
causes of the Protestant
Revolution EXCEPT:
A. a growing conflict between the ambitions of the
newly emerging middle-class and the ascetic ideals
of early Christianity
B. the growth of a national conscience in northern
Europe and the rise of despotic governments
C. and increasing number of abuses that were
developing in the church
D. an increasing respect for the papacy and the
theology of Saint Thomas Aquinas
96
61. The general council that
responds to the challenge of the
Protestant revolutionaries was
the:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Diet of Worms
Council of Munster
Institute of Christian Religion
Council of Trent
97
61. The general council that
responds to the challenge of the
Protestant revolutionaries was the:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Diet of Worms
Council of Munster
Institute of Christian Religion
Council of Trent
98
62. Upon which of the following would
Luther and Erasmus have agreed?
A. Good works were necessary for salvation
B. Veneration of relics was not an essential
part of salvation
C. Rules for achieving salvation were to be
found primarily in the works of the
church fathers
D. Seven sacraments were needed for
salvation
99
62. Upon which of the following
would Luther and Erasmus have
agreed?
A. Good works were necessary for salvation
B. Veneration of relics was not an essential
part of salvation
C. Rules for achieving salvation were to be
found primarily in the works of the
church fathers
D. Seven sacraments were needed for
salvation
100
63. The leaders of the
Catholic church:
A. Ignored the Renaissance
B. Attempted to crush the secularism
of the renaissance
C. Readily adopted the Renaissance
spirit
D. Used Renaissance ideals to promote
moral reform
101
63. The leaders of the
Catholic church:
A. Ignored the Renaissance
B. Attempted to crush the secularism of
the renaissance
C. Readily adopted the Renaissance spirit
D. Used Renaissance ideals to promote moral
reform
102
64. In transubstantiation, the
church taught that:
A. In the Eucharist, the bread and wine were
transformed into the body and blood of Christ
B. The scriptures were not acceptable in
translation from the Latin of the Vulgate
C. That such good works as fasting and going on
pilgrimages could better one’s position in the
hereafter
D. That only the pope possessed final Church
authority
103
64. In transubstantiation, the
church taught that:
A. In the Eucharist, the bread and wine
were transformed into the body and
blood of Christ
B.
C.
D.
The scriptures were not acceptable in translation from the Latin
of the Vulgate
That such good works as fasting and going on pilgrimages could
better one’s position in the hereafter
That only the pope possessed final Church authority
104
65. Which of the following was
true of the Peace of Augsburg?
A. Lutherans, Calvinists, and Catholics
shared power in the German states
B. Only Lutherans and Catholics were
recognized
C. The religious phase of the Thirty
Years war was settled
D. The German people received
freedom of religion
105
67. Where was Calvinism
most successful?
A. In the German states
B. In Southern Europe
C. In Northern Europe, England, and
the northern British colonies in the
Americas
D. In France
106
67. Where was Calvinism
most successful?
A. In the German states
B. In Southern Europe
C. In Northern Europe, England,
and the northern British colonies
in the Americas
D. In France
107
68. The papacy refused to grant Henry VIII’s
annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon
for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
A. Such a thing had never been done
before
B. Catherine’s appeal to the Pope to save
her marriage
C. Charles V, Catherine’s nephew, put
pressure on the pope
D. Only a few years earlier the pope named
Henry “Defender of the Faith”
108
68. The papacy refused to grant Henry VIII’s
annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon
for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
A.Such a thing had never been
done before
B.
C.
D.
Catherine’s appeal to the Pope to save her marriage
Charles V, Catherine’s nephew, put pressure on the pope
Only a few years earlier the pope named Henry “Defender of the
Faith”
109
69. The Council of Trent tried to
combat Protestantism by
A. Withdrawing objectionable practices,
such as relics and indulgences
B. Allowing scripture in the vernacular
C. Closing some monasteries
D. Remaining firm on traditional Catholic
policies and sacraments
110
69. The Council of Trent tried to
combat Protestantism by
A. Withdrawing objectionable practices, such as relics
and indulgences
B. Allowing scripture in the vernacular
C. Closing some monasteries
D.Remaining firm on traditional
Catholic policies and sacraments
111
70. What was Luther’s attitude toward
peasant uprisings against local
authority?
A. Encouragement of their pursuit of
religious freedom
B. To urge the authorities to put down the
rebellions, with violence , if necessary
C. A refusal to take a stand on secular
issues
D. Support at first, until the peasants
because violent, then, total rejection
112
70. What was Luther’s attitude toward
peasant uprisings against local
authority?
A. Encouragement of their pursuit of religious freedom
B. To urge the authorities to put down
the rebellions, with violence , if
necessary
C. A refusal to take a stand on secular issues
D. Support at first, until the peasants because violent,
then, total rejection
113
“Our sins have their source in Adam, and because Adam ate the
apple, we have inherited sin from him. But Christ has shattered
death in order that we might be saved by His works and not by
our works. Christ says: I am your justification” Martin Luther
Which of the following best describes Luther’s meaning in the
excerpt above?
A. Only faith in Chris will bring salvation, not good
works
B. “Justification” is different from “salvation”
C. Faith means nothing without good works to
demonstrate belief
D. Good works are necessary for justification, but
only faith in Christ will bring salvation
E. Neither faith nor good works will bring salvation
114
“Our sins have their source in Adam, and because Adam ate the
apple, we have inherited sin from him. But Christ has shattered
death in order that we might be saved by His works and not by
our works. Christ says: I am your justification” Martin Luther
Which of the following best describes Luther’s meaning in the
excerpt above?
A. Only faith in Chris will bring salvation,
not good works
B. “Justification” is different from “salvation”
C. Faith means nothing without good works to
demonstrate belief
D. Good works are necessary for justification, but
only faith in Christ will bring salvation
E. Neither faith nor good works will bring salvation
115
Which of the following best describes the results of
the Peace of Augsburg (1555)?
A. It empowered German rulers to impose Lutheran,
calvinist, or Zwinglian Protestantism
B. It was rejected by the Emperor Charles V
C. It released all German-speaking states from papal
authority
D. It established toleration for Anabaptists in the Holy
Roman Empire
E. It provided a legal basis for the existence of
Lutheranism
116
Which of the following best describes the results of
the Peace of Augsburg (1555)?
A. It empowered German rulers to impose Lutheran,
calvinist, or Zwinglian Protestantism
B. It was rejected by the Emperor Charles V
C. It released all German-speaking states from papal
authority
D. It established toleration for Anabaptists in the Holy
Roman Empire
E. It provided a legal basis for the existence
of Lutheranism
117
The most influential religious order
associated with the Catholic Reformation
(Counter-Reformation) was the:
A. Brothers and Sisters of the Common
Life
B. Dominican
C. Franciscan
D. Jesuit
E. Oratory of Divine Love
118