Transcript (From)? (China)

World History II
FINAL REVIEW
WHAT EMPIRE IS LOCATED AT 3
WHAT EMPIRE IS LOCATED
AT 7

GREECE
what mountain range lies
there?

BALKANS
WHAT EMPIRE IS LOCATED
6

PORTUGAL
WHAT EMPIRE IS LOCATED AT 1
WHAT EMPIRE IS LOCATED AT 5, and what rebirth
of knowledge began here?
Russia
China
Aztec


Represented by what
city?
Tenochtitlan
Ruled by an emperor who
did this for the Gods?
 Sacrifices
Incans


What mountain chain lies in the Incan Empire?
Andes
Represented by what
City?
 Manchu Picchu

Monotheistic or Poly?
 Poly
 How they get through
The mountains
 Road System

Songhai
Mughal
Ottoman Empire
Rebirth of knowledge from the
______-_________ period





GRECO ROMAN
Renaissance marks the
beginning of the
_______ world
Modern
Renaissance starts in
Italy spreads
to________
Europe
De Vinci
Michelangelo
-author of plays such as Romeo and
Juliet, King Leer, Julius Caesar.

Shakespeare

Wrote what form
of poetry?

Sonnets
Erasmus-father of Humanism-poet

Father of Humanism

Book?
Praise of Folley

Judaism
1.Book?
• Torah
2. Leader?
• Abraham
3. Practices?
Christianity




1. Book?
Bible - New Testament
2. Leader?
Jesus
Islam


Kaaba (city?)
Mecca
Islam













1. Book?
Koran
2. Leader?
Muhammad
3. Practices?
Five Pillars
1. Faith
2. Giving of Alms
3. Pilgrimage =
Hajj
4. Fasting during Ramandan
5. Prayer 5 times a day toward?
Mecca
Hinduism
1. Book?
 Upanishads
And Vedas
Origin
 2. Leader?
 Many Gods
3. Practices?
 Caste System (Reach englightenment?)
 MOEKSHA
Location in World?
 India

Buddhism
Leader?
 Siddhartha Gautama
Doctrines
 *8 fold path and 4 noble truths
(what are they?)
1. All life is _________
 Suffering
2. Suffering comes from _
 Desires
3. To end suffering end your
__________
 Desires
4. Follow the ________ path
 Middle or eight fold path
Trade Routes – Silk Road
What type of trade route does the
Indian Ocean represent?

Maritime
 Trans-Saharan
Routes
What sea did Northern Europe
connect to in a trade route?

Black Sea
What trade route is this?

South China, South
Asian Trade Route

What was traded from
this area?
SPICES



What was the most
important things trade
routes spread?
Ideas
Advancements through trade
Paper, compass, silk, porcelain
(From)?
 (China)
 Textiles, numeral system (From)?
 (India/Middle East)
 Scientific transfer (Advancements?)
 Medicine, astronomy, mathematics

Challenges of the Church leading to
the Reformation




1. Sale of this for
forgiveness of sins
Indulgences
2. Merchant view of this
on their interest
USURY




3. The Churches great
_________ and _____.
POWER, WEALTH
4. Germany and England
disliked _________
domination of church
ITALIAN
3 Beliefs of Martin Luther
Salvation by faith alone
 Bible ultimate authority
 Everyone is created equal

What Church does Martin Luther begin?

Protestant
Martin Luther wrote?







95 Thesis
Begins the _______
movement
Protestant
Dissenter b/4 Luther
who translated Bible
Wycliffe
Dissenter b/4 Luther
who had views of
ecclesiology,
Jan Huss
Calvin, beliefs?




1. Predestination
2. Hard Work Ethic
What religion does
he spread?
Protestant


3. Faith revealed by
living a _________ life
Moral or righteous
King Henry VIII
 Gains

_____ in
England when the
Catholic church leaves

LAND

Starts what Church?

National Church of
England


- Gave Freedom to worship in France?
Edict of Nantes
Part of the Catholic Counter Reformation where
one had to be Catholic or be persecuted?
Inquisition








Queen Elizabeth
1. Makes the
__________Church official
church of England
Anglican
2. Gives Freedom to
__________ in England.
Worship to dissenters
Defeated the _______
Armada (strongest navy in
world
Spanish
Expanded with colonialism
hires ________ (English
Explorer
Drake

Turns focus of 30 years War into Political one
Cardinal Richelou
Who is 30 years war b/t?
Protestants and Catholics
What major family in Germany
was a factor in this war?
HAPBURG
Catholic Counter Reformation



Society of Jesus
(Jesuits) was
founded to spread
Catholic doctrine
around world
When was this
The Inquisition was
established to
enforce church
doctrine
Results of Reformation

Religious tolerance
Worldly View?
 Secularism
People thinking for themselves?
 Individualism

Opened a navigation school in Portugal?
Prince
Henry

Goes around Africa to get to India?

Vasco De Gama

Spanish explorer thought he was going to India

Columbus

Spanish Explorer who conquered the
Aztecs?

Cortez


Spanish explorer who will conquer the Incan
Empire??
Pizarro


1st fleet around the world
Ferdinand Magellan


English Pirate with 2nd Fleet around the world
Drake




French Explorer?
Jacques Cartier
Where will he go?
Canada and St. Lawrence
What Disease? Who does it kill?\


Small pox
Native American/ Indigenous People
Slave ship: What passage? What
were conditions like


Middle Passage
Awful, Terrible, Crowded
What Trade



Triangle Trade
Name three products that go to Africa
Corn, Peanuts, Manufactured goods
What Exchange?


Corn and Potatoes to Europe
Horses, Cattle, Wheat to Americas
Columbian Exhange
1. Age of discovery leads to Columbian Exchange
2. Columbian Exchange: transfer of plants, animals
and disease between ________ and ___world
 Old World and New world
3. Commercial Revolution: rise of modern
_________system, currency,
 Banking system
4. Mercantilism: colonies exist solely to benefit of the
_______ country, more wealth & land = more power
 Mother
 What system is going to destroy indigenous
economies and hurt the environment that comes
from colonial powers?
 Plantation system
Muslim Empire on Asia Minor
Ottoman Empire
 Mehmet capturing
Important city?
 Constantinople,
Which becomes
 Istanbul

Ottoman Empire





Locate on __________
Minor
Asia, What religion
was the Ottoman
Empire?
Islam
What two products did
they trade in?
Coffee and Ceramics
Taj Mahal






What empire is it located in?
Mughal
What religion is Mughal
empire?
Islam
The Mughals were
descended from what group
of people?
Mongols


What Indian item
influenced trade with
Britain?
Textiles
China/Japan want to be this with
foreign nations?
Isolationsim
 Set up Foreign
_______________ to control
trade
 Enclaves
 China and Japan tried to
Limit the influence of what
Group of people in their
Countries?
 Merchants






Japanese Feudalism
Shogunates, what was Foreign Policy?
What type of leader was the shogun?
Military
Isolationism, during Imperialism who opens
them up to trade?
U.S.A
What Theory, and person


Heliocentric
Copernicus
-Planetary Motion

Kepler
Galileo, what happens to him?

Arrested for using the telescope
Laws of Gravity - Philosophiæ
Naturalis Principia Mathematica

Newton
Circulation of Blood?

William Harvey
Francis Bacon and Des Cartes

Developed the Scientific Method
The Sun King!!


Absolute Monarch of
France
Louis XIV
Palace Of Versailles
Frederick The Great

This is the Prussian
Monarch?

What does build up to
show his power?

MILITARY
Peter the Great

What does he want to
do to Russia?

WESTERNIZE
FOUNDATIONS OF ENGLISH
FREEDOMS
1.Magna _________
 Carta
2. ___________ Trial
 Jury
3. __________ Law
 Common
English Civil War leads to
Decapitation of_______

Charles I
Military Dictator in England that
gets rid of Charles I
Oliver Cromwell,
What religion was he?
 Puritan

What is period referred to as when
they bring back the monarchy in
England?



Restoration
Who did they bring
back?
Charles II
Who comes back during the Glorius
Revolution



William and Mary
What religion were
William and Mary
Protestant
William and Mary sign ________







English Bill of Rights
Signed 1689
No suspending of Parliaments laws
No taxing without Parliaments consent
Freedom of ______for Parliament
Speech
Citizens can petition King for grievances
 ENLIGHTENMENT






Inspires American and ________Revolutions
French
Uses reason and observation to observe human
world
Moves away from _________thought
Religous
Characterized by such guys Hobbes, Locke,
Rousseau, Voltaire, Montesquieu
Thomas Hobbes!

What form of government
did he advocate for?

Strong Monarch/King

Humans are Primitive and
want a gov’t for what?

PROTECTION
Writes Two Treatises on
Government?

John Locke

Believes that who is
Sovereign/ has the
power?

People
Montesquieu – What form of
government does he believe in?

Separation of Powers

What book does he
write?

Spirit of Laws
This man wrote “The Social
Contract”

Jacques Rousseau

Gov’t is a contract
between people and
who?

Ruler
Man believed in Separation of
Church and state?

Voltaire

Also, believed in
Freedom of what?

Speech
King during the French Revolution?

Louis XVI

What were reasons for the
French Revolution?

1.Influenced by
____________ Movement
Enlightenment,
2.Motivated by _____ Rev
American



Storming of_________

Bastille

This is similar to what
American Holiday?

July 4
Robespierre – leads the _________
during the French Revolution

Reign of Terror
One result of the Fr. Revolution will
be ____________ rise to power.

NAPOLEON

Builds his military
through________

NATIONALISM
Napoleon tries to unite
______ (fails)
 Europe

Forced to retreat at _____

Russia
Last battle is at
__________
Waterloo
Exiled to St. Helena




Napoleon leaves behind
Napoleon inspires
___________ in Europe

Nationalism

Napoleonic ________: set
of civil laws introduced by
Napoleon throughout
Europe
Code


Slave Revolt

Who leads a revolution
here?

Toussainst Louverture

What imperial nation
does he kick out? Hint
napoleon led)
France

South America Liberated by ______
________
 A)• Liberated the northern areas of Latin
America.

Simon Bolivar
( The Liberator)

Priest who liberates Mexico?

Miguel Hidalgo
Nations of Latin America





Number 1 =Brazil
Number 2= mexico
Number 3 = Haiti
Number 4 = Columbia
Number 5 = Venezuela
Age of _________ witnessed new
innovations and inventions
1.
Who were the
Composers?
2.
Who wrote first
novel? And what was
it?
3.
Who paints Liberty
Leading the People?

Bach and Mozart

Miguel Cervantes

Eugene De La Croix
Eugene Delacroix
 Liberty Leading the People, 28 July 1830 by


______
He is what form of painter?
Romantic
Nationalism

Who unites the
Following area?

Count Cavour

What year are
revolutions in Europe
protesting Congress of
Vienna?
1848

Who unites the following area

Garibaldi

What area of Italy is the
last to join?

Papal States, or Rome

What two nations are last
to be unified in Europe?
Italy and Germany

Who Unites the Following area?

Otto Van Bismarck

What are his politics?

Blood and Iron or
Realpolitik

What war unites
Prussia/Germany?
Franco-Prussia War

This man writes about the good of
private market nations

Adam Smith

What is the Book he
writes?

Wealth of Nations

What are other names
for Private market?
Capitalism, Free
Market

Writes about how wealth should be
evenly distributed?

Karl Marx

What is his book called?

Communist Manifesto

Capitalism and Socialism
fueled what Revolution?
Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution











__________movement: forces movement of people to
cities in search of work
Enclosure
Rise of ___________unions
Labor
____________main industry of industrial revolution
Textiles
Adequate supplies of coal & iron help England start
Industrial Revolution
___________system replaces cottage industry
Factory
Industrial Revolution helps spark imperialism because
colonial powers wanted __________ _______ for industry
RAW MATERIALS
Industrial Revolution start in which
of the following?







ENGLAND #3
England was the first to
outlaw __________
Slavery
Industrial Revolution
spreads to 1) rest of
__________
Europe
2) To ___________
America














Watts: ____ ____
Steam Engine
Bessemer: _________ ________
Steel Process
Jenner: _________ _________
Smallpox Vaccine
Pasteur: discovers ___________
Bacteria
Socialism and communism responses to negative
aspects of___________
Capitalism
Whitney
Cotton Gin
Hargreaves
Spinning Jenney
Effects of Industrial Revolution









1. Increase in
________ class
Middle
2. Standards of living
__________
Increase
3. Population
_________
INCREASES
4. Dissatisfaction of
_______ class
WORKING

5. Growth of
__________ (cities)
URBANIZATION
6. Improved _________
with steam engine
 TRANSPORTATION
 7. Environmental
___________
 Pollution
 8. Increase in
___________
CHILD LABOR

Type of Imperialism in Africa?
Methods of imperialism:
Complete Control
 colonies,
Protecting a smaller nation
 protectorates
Just dealing with the economic side of a colony
 spheres of influence
Type of Imperialism in Middle East




____________system: established after World
War I, Lebanon and Syria, controls Iraq, Jordan
Mandate
Two countries that control Mandates?
Britain and France
Type of Imperialism in China


Spheres of influence
Open Door Policy:
China maintains
independence at the
expense of European
trade rights in port cities
Rebellion in China?




________ War between
Britain/France and China
Opium
Response to Western
encroachment, nationalist
rebellion to drive out the
westerners in China?
Boxer Rebellion
Jewel of the Crown/Raj?






_________considered
Britain’s prized colony
India
What was the British
company in India?
East India Company
Rise of nationalism
eventually leads to Indian
independence (political
party? )
Indian National Congress
Nation who opens Japan to trade

America – Matthew
Perry
War in Africa that is precursor to
WWI?



____________War:
conflict between British
and Dutch Settlers in
________ Africa
Boer
South
Important trade Canal

Suez Canal

Nation is it in?
Egypt





Connects Red Sea to –
Mediterranean Sea
Nation runs Suez Canal
till Nasser after WWII?
Britain
Capitalism






Free Market Economy
Private Market
Based on competition
Entrepreneurs
Rise of living standards
Wages not distributed evenly
Communism




Redistribution of wages
Workers (proletariat) revolt
Workers (state) own everything
Goal of ending social and economical classes
Area of world known as “The Powder
Keg” of Europe prior to World War I

________Peninsula (Southeast Europe)

Balkan
Causes
MANIAC
Causes
MANIAC
 Militarism
 Alliances
 Nationalism
 Imperialism
 Ambassador Failure
 Competition over colonies

Man assassinated in Sarajevo that
started WWI

Archduke Franz
Ferdinand
Central Powers?




Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Germs are HUNGRY beside Turkey (Ottoman
Empire)
Allied Powers?




France
Russia
England
United States
Why does U.S. get involved in WWI




1917: US enters war,
Russia leaves
Unrestricted submarine
warfare and (sinking of
what American Ship ?
Lusitania
Zimmerman note force
US into war
Leader of Germany during WWI

Kaiser Wilhelm II
President of U.S. during WWI?

Woodrow Wilson

What was his plan for
Postwar peace?

14 POINTS
What peace keeping
organization did he suggest
(after WWI)
League of Nations


Treaty that ended WWI

Treaty of Versailles

Who had to take the
blame for WWI?

Germany, name 2 things
Germany had to do?
Reparations, and no
military

Last Tsar of Russia?

Nicholas II

What class does he exploit?
Peasant


What war a major
embassment and cause of
Rus. Rev.

Russo-Japanese

What war was the final blow?
WWI

First Communist leader of Russiachanges name to USSR






Vladimir Lenin
What was his
revolutionary Group?
Bolsheviks
What is name of his
economic policy?
NEP, what are the
aspects of it?
Communism/Capitalism
Soviet Leader after Lenin

Joseph Stalin

What was his plan to
industrialize U.S.S.R.

5 year plans

What was his plan to be rid
of all opponents?
Great Purge


What was his plan to gather
all farms?

Collectivization
Worldwide Depression (RATS)






What is happening in
the 1930’s in the
world?
Causes
1. High ____________
2. Germany
_________
3. _____ ______
Crashed
4. Awful ___________




1. Tariffs
2. Reparations
3. Stock Market
4. Credit
General of Japan

Hedeki Tojo

What was his form of
government?
Militarism


What places does Japan
invade?

Korea, China, Manchuria
Who is Emperor during his
reign?
Hirohito


IL Duce!!!! Who is he? What country
does he lead







Benitto Mussolini, Italy
What glory does he want to
return Italy to?
ROME
What country does he try
to invade?
Ethiopia
What was his political
party called?
FASCIST
Leader of Germany during WWII







Hitler
His National Socialism
is called?
Nazism
His idea to put the
Jews in Conc. Camps?
Final Solution
His belief in one race?
Master race
What Man did the following before
WWII?





Invaded Rhineland
Invaded Sudenland
Invaded Austria
Invaded Czechoslovakia
Invaded Poland

Hitler

What did the invasion of
Poland cause?
WWII



What was it called where
France and GB did
nothing to stop Hitler?
Appeasement
What Military leader of Japan
accomplished this?



Invaded Manchuria
Invaded China
Invaded Korea

Hediki Tojo

What will happen to
Japan on August 6 and 9
1945 at end of WWII?
A. Bombs on Hiroshima
and nagasaki

What WWII Axis Power invaded this
country?

Italy (Mussolini)
invaded Ethiopia
Events of WWII






Dec 7, 1941, gets U.S.
involved
June 6, 1944
Turning point in Eastern
War
Turning point in Pacific
Turning point in
Western Europe
August 6/9 1945

Pearl Harbor

D-Day invasion of Normandy
Invasion of Soviet Union
Battle of Midway
D-Day




Bombings of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
Causes of WWII
FANATIC




• Failures of the Treaty of
________
Versailles

Invasion of Poland

Curse of the _______
of Nations
League
Aggression by totalitarian
powers ( __, ______, ___)
Germany, Italy, Japan

GB and Fr. _______ of
Germany
Appeasement

• Nationalism


• Tendencies towards
_________and
pacifism in Europe
and the United States
Isolationism


Leader in the Pacific during WWII






Douglas MacArthur
What country does he
help rebuild after WWII?
Japan
Is Japan successful after
WWII?
What type of
government is it after
WWII?
Democratic
General Eisenhower

Led U.S. in invasion of
Europe During WWII

What was the invasion
of Europe referred to
as?
D-Day



What country did it
take place in?
France
What conference at the end of WWII
is
this?
 Yalta Conference
Who is at this meeting?
FDR, Churchill, Stalin

Who are the two
superpowers after
WWII?
U.S. and Soviet Union
Becomes president when FDR dies
at end of WWII

Harry Truman

What was his policy on
controlling communism
called?

Containment

What was the plan to
rebuild Europe called?

Marshall Plan
Extermination of European Jews by
Nazi Germany



Holocaust
extermination of a group
of people based on
religion, ethnicity,
culture?
Genocide



Reasons for Holocaust
1. Totalitarianism and
___________.
NATIONALISM
2. History of Anti-________
 SEMITISM
3. Hitler speeding up the
process with his _______ ______
 FINAL SOLUTION
Genocides in
th
20


Armenian Genocide:

Cambodia Genocide:


Yugoslavia: Balkans




Rwandan Genocide


Soviet Union
century
Armenians targeted by
Ottoman Turks during
WWI
Middle class & educated
elite targeted by Pol Pot
and Khmer Rouge
Muslims killed by Serbs
Tutsi minority killed by
Hutus
Stalin Targets opposition
in Great Purge






Ideological battle
between U.S. and
U.S.S.R?
Cold War
U.S Military Alliance
during Cold War?
NATO
U.S.S.R response?
WARSAW PACT








term coined to show
division of Europe along
communist and
democratic lines
Iron Curtain
Truman Doctrine: US
helps any country
fighting___________
Communism
What was policy of
stopping communism?
Containment
Plan to rebuild Europe
after WWII?
Marshall Plan

What country is capital and
country is shown by the
following?

Berlin, Germany

Which side of Berlin,
Germany will democratic?
West





Which side will be succesful?
West
What separated East and
West Berlin?
Berlin Wall
Communist leader of China?

Mao Zedong

Who will be leader of
Nationalist China?

Chiang Kai Shek

Who loses the Chinese
Civil War, and where is are
they forced to go?

Taiwan

CHINA AFTER
ZEDONG

• Reformed communist
economy to market
economy leading to
rapid economic growth

• Communist control
of government
continued

Deng Xiaoping


Drives China toward
_________.
Captalism
Korean War




General involved in
Korean War?
Year Korean War
started?
Parallel line of
armistice?
Why U.S. got involved?




MacArthur
1950-53
38th Parallel
To contain
Communism
Communist leader of North Vietnam?









HO CHI MINH
What Imperial country did
they kick out?
France
What 2 decades did the U.S
fight in Vietnam?
1965-1974
What were fighting for?
Stop spread of Communism
What was the Domino
Theory?
If one fell to communism the
rest would fall?
What happened October 14-28 1962

Cuban Missile Crisis

What were we trying to
contain in going to Cuba?
Communism





What was U.S.S.R sending
to Cuba?
Missiles
What does the following
picture represent?
DETERRENCE,
BRINKMANSHIP
Which two number are areas where the
U.S. will fight Communism




10 =
Korea
11 =
Vietnam



Term for nuclear
weapons influence
patterns of conflict,
SUPERPOWERS on
edge
The Berlin Wall Falling
demonstrates?
Glasnost & Perestroika
also contribute to fall of
Soviet Union, who
comes up with the two?

Brinkmanship, or
Deterrence, or MAD

Fall of communism in
eastern Europe,
nationalism in Soviet
Union, failing economy
reasons for breakup of
Soviet Union

Gorbachev
Gorbachev








Introduced term for openess
in U.S.S.R?
Glasnost
Adding capitalism to Soviet
Union
Perestroika
What marks the end of the
Soviet Union
Berlin Wall falling
What military alliance grows
when the Warsaw Pact
nations get independence?
NATO
Led Independence Movement in
India?



Mohandas Gandhi
From what imperial
power did India
achieve
Independence? What
year?
Britain, 1947




What was Gandhi’s
Philosophy?
Passive Resistance or
Civil Disobedience


What two religions will
fued in India?
Hindu and Islam
Who is first president
of India, westernize it?
Jawaharlal Nehru
Led India after her father Nehru

Indira Gandhi

India develops this type
of program under her
(Cold War)
Nuclear



Develops closer
relationship with U.S. or
Soviet Union?
Soviet Union
Leader of Britain 1979-1990

Margaret Thatcher

1. • British Prime Minister

2. Opposed _____
________– “Iron Lady”
Soviet Un. /Communism

3. Free trade and less
government regulation of
business, thus more
__________
 Capitalism


4. • Close relationship with
United States and U.S. foreign
policy

5. Asserted United Kingdom’s
__________power
Military

Golda Meir

Prime Minister of
Israel 1969-1974

Strong willed
“Grandmother of
Jewish people”

What war does she
lead Israel in?
Yom Kippur

Gamal Nasser

President of Egypt
1956-1990

Going to play sides
between U.S. and
Soviet Union,

Builds Aswan High
Dam

Nationalizes _________
Canal
Suez

Countries formed out of Indian
Independence Movement






What country will West
Pakistan become?
Pakistan
What nation will East
Pakistan become?
Bangladesh
What will Ceylon
become?
SRI LANKA
Countries formed out of Indian
Independence Movement

What two groups of
people will be fighting
over the Pakistan and
India border ?

Muslims and Hindus
African Independence (from who?)










KenyaBritain
Who will lead Kenyan
independence? Violent or
Non-Violent
Jomo Kenyatta, Violent
CongoBelgium
AlgeriaFrance
Did the Following part of
Africa have a violent or nonviolent revolutions?
Non-Violent - WEST
African Independence (from who?)

What two groups will be
fighting on the “Horn of
Africa”

Muslims and Christians

What is this area
Highlighted?

Ireland

What two groups of
people are feuding here?

Protestants and
Catholics
In what country will apartheid be
abolished?





South Africa
What was apartheid
The separation of the
races
Who will lead South
Africa in their new
beginning without
Apartheid?
Nelson Mandela
Problems in modern world


Guest workers: ex.
_______ in Europe
Africans






Expanding economies
lead to environmental
issues
1. Pollution
2. Ozone Depletion
3. Loss of Habitat
Which of the following
countries is most
developed?
JAPAN
Relationship between economic and political
freedom in Modern World


1) _________
_________economies
produce rising
2)___________ of
living and an
expanding
3)_______class, which
produces growing
demands for political
freedoms and
individual rights.
Recent examples
include Taiwan and
South 4)____________.

1) Free Market

2) Standards

3) Middle

4. Korea
Economic Interdependence

 1. United Nations
1. Peacekeeping
international organization
formed after WWII?
 2. European Union
2. Example of regional
integration in Europe, use
 3. International
same currency
Monetary Fund
3. World economies
interdependent on each
other, so this fund is used
like a bank