Transcript The Rise of Napoleon

The Rise and Fall of Napoleon
How Napoleon Restored Order
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Efficient tax collecting system
Established a national bank
Got rid of corrupt officials
Set up government-run schools
Signed an agreement with Pope Pius VII
Passed the Napoleonic Code
– Supported freedom of religion and forbade privileges
based on birth (government jobs go to those best
qualified)
– Influenced the laws of many other countries
Napoleonic Code (Don’t Write)
• The French longed for
structure and organization
• It preserved the social aims of
the Revolution.
• It protected the interests of
the rising middle class.
• It promoted order over
individual rights.
Napoleon Creates an Empire
• Not only did Napoleon want to rule France,
but he wanted to rule the rest of Europe and
the New World
France in the New World
• 1789: the idea of revolution
had reached Haiti, France’s
colony in the Caribbean
– They wanted the same rights as
the former 3rd Estate in France,
so they stopped making sugar
• Napoleon sent 29,000 troops
to restore the production of
sugar, but the colony (led by
Toussaint L’Ouverture) and its
slaves were hard to beat
• Napoleon could not win, so he ended up
selling the land to the U.S. for $15 million
– The money helped France’s economy and gave
Napoleon the money to try and take over Europe
Napoleon and Europe
• First: took parts of Netherlands and Italy
• Britain, Russia, Austria, and Sweden feared
Napoleon and set up a third coalition against
France
• Napoleon, through several battles, conquered
the largest European Empire since Rome
– Had peace treaties with Russia, Austria, and
Prussia
• Napoleon was unable to beat Great Britain
– Britain was known for its strong navy that beat
Napoleon and his navy at the Battle of Trafalgar
Napoleon’s Empire
• 1812: the only nations not under France’s rule
were Britain, the Ottoman Empire, Portugal,
and Sweden
• The large empire prompted the growth of
nationalism among the conquered nations
– Nationalism: the belief that one’s greatest loyalty
should be to your nation and your people rather
than a king or a leader
• Although the empire was large, it only lasted
for 5 years before it started to collapse.
Processing
• What was the benefit(s) of Napoleon selling
off French territory in the New World?
• What is nationalism and how do Americans
display nationalism today?
Napoleon’s Empire Collapses
• Napoleon made 3 mistakes
• 1st: the Continental System—In November of
1806, Napoleon called for a blockade of all
ports to limit Great Britain’s influence. This
was called the Continental System. Its goal
was to destroy GB’s economy and make
Europe self-sufficient.
– GB made its own blockade and with its stronger
navy, it had better luck. This hurt France’s
economy.
• 2nd: The Peninsular War—1808-Portugal was
ignoring the Continental System, so Napoleon
sent an army through Spain to invade Portugal.
This upset the Spanish, so Napoleon kicked out
their King and appointed his brother.
– Napoleon also outlawed the Spanish Inquisition
– For 5 years, Spanish guerillas struck at French
armies in Spain (the Peninsular War). Napoleon
lost 300,000 men.
– In Spain and across Europe, nationalism (loyalty to
one’s own country) was becoming a powerful
weapon against Napoleon
• 3rd: Invasion of Russia—1812:Russia and Napoleon
both wanted Poland, and Russia refused to stop
selling grain to Great Britain.
– June 1812: Napoleon invaded Russia. The Russians
retreated, burning their own lands as they went.
– How would the burning of Russian lands affect the
French?
– Napoleon reached Moscow, but the Russians
burned it down too
– Napoleon turned around, but the Russians
attacked his weak, cold, and starving army the
whole way back to France. By the end, Napoleon
had 10,000 men left out of an original 690,000
Napoleon’s Downfall
• Napoleon’s enemies took advantage of his weak
army. Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia, and
Sweden joined forces and defeated Napoleon.
• April 1814: Napoleon surrendered his throne. He
was given a small pension and banished to Elba.
Newspaper Article
• Goal: to write a newspaper article that
describes Napoleon’s rise to and fall from
power.
• Requirements:
– Headline
– 1st paragraph rise
– 2nd paragraph fall
– 3rd personal opinion of Napoleon and his work
– 100 words