Transcript Warm-Up - mcpworldhistory

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MONDAY’S WARM-UP:
Who are these three people? What do you know about each of
them? What do all three of them have in common?
Write down your responses in your notebook!
GET CAUGHT READING MONTH FINAL TALLY!
LET’S FIND OUT HOW MANY PAGES WE HAVE READ IN
THE PAST MONTH!
MONDAY IN WORLD HISTORY: PEACE STUDIES!
Aim  scholars will analyze primary and secondary historical documents
in order to determine how Mandela, Gandhi, and King were successful in
using nonviolence to lead to change and progress in their countries.
Big Idea  We have talked a TON about war throughout the year.
History, and historians alike, emphasize wars and violence throughout
history, because they are often the cause and/or effect of big change.
However, many people throughout history have dramatically changed
world history without being violent. This week, we will be learning about
how three leaders in the 20th century, Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi,
and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., all helped the world not only change, but
also progress.
Homework  Conduct independent research in order to find out who is
advocating for change and progress nonviolently in the world today. Be
prepared to share about your findings in class tomorrow.
DBQ TIME!
Let’s read the Background Essay
together, before going into more
detail about who these influential
leaders were!
MAHATMA GANDHI
Gandhi was the preeminent leader of Indian independence movement in
British-ruled India. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience.
Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and
freedom across the world.
He was the preeminent leader of Indian independence movement in Britishruled India.
He was imprisoned for many years, upon many occasions, in both South Africa
and India. Gandhi attempted to practice nonviolence and truth in all
situations, and advocated that others do the same.
He lived modestly in a self-sufficient residential community and wore the
traditional Indian dhoti and shawl, woven with yarn hand-spun on a charkha.
He ate simple vegetarian food, and also undertook long fasts as a means to
both self-purification and social protest.
Video Clip of Gandhi Interview:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dpjBWw5w444
Clip from the movie “Gandhi”:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WW3uk95VGes
DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.
King was an American Baptist minister, activist, humanitarian, and leader in the African-American
Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using
nonviolent civil disobedience based on his Christian beliefs.
He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership
Conference (SCLC) in 1957, serving as its first president. With the SCLC, King led an unsuccessful
1962 struggle against segregation in Albany, Georgia (the Albany Movement), and helped
organize the 1963 nonviolent protests in Birmingham, Alabama, that attracted national attention
following television news coverage of the brutal police response
King helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington, where he delivered his famous "I Have
a Dream" speech. There, he established his reputation as one of the greatest orators in American
history.
On October 14, 1964, King received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality
through nonviolence. King was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the
Congressional Gold Medal. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a holiday in numerous
cities and states beginning in 1971, and as a U.S. federal holiday in 1986. The Martin Luther
King, Jr. Memorial on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., was dedicated in 2011.
Video of MLK’s last speech:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oehry1JC9Rk
Video clip from the movie “Selma”:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_03qpPNPEIs
NELSON MANDELA
Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician and philanthropist who
served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
He was South Africa's first black chief executive, and the first elected in a fully representative
democratic election.
In 1962, he was arrested, convicted of conspiracy to overthrow the state, and sentenced to
life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trial.
Mandela served 27 years in prison, initially on Robben Island, and later in Pollsmoor Prison
and Victor Verster Prison. An international campaign lobbied for his release, which was
granted in 1990 amid escalating civil strife.
Mandela joined negotiations with Nationalist President F. W. de Klerk to abolish apartheid
and establish multiracial elections in 1994, in which he led the ANC to victory and became
South Africa's first black president.
He declined to run for a second term, and was succeeded by his deputy, Thabo Mbeki.
Mandela became an elder statesman, focusing on charitable work in combating poverty and
HIV/AIDS through the Nelson Mandela Foundation.
Video Nelson Mandela’s speech after he got elected as President:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ9KlXCkb2s
Clip of a speech given by a young Mandela in the movie “A Long Walk To Freedom”:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_YOQjEUoBNk
DOCUMENT ANALYSIS!
Now it’s time to read the historical documents in
order to investigate how these leaders made
nonviolence work!
DOCUMENT 1
1. According to the note, what was prohibited by the Salt
Law?
2. Why would a poor Indian want to manufacture his own
salt?
3. Was is the meaning of civil disobedience? What did
Gandhi propose?
DOCUMENT 2
1. When King sat down at Rich’s lunch counter, was he
committing an act of civil disobedience? Why or why
not?
2. What reason did King give the judge for breaking the
law?
3. What do you notice about the people in the photo?
DOCUMENT 3
1. Why did Nelson Mandela support non-violent civil
disobedience?
2. Were Mandela’s reasons for supporting non-violent civil
disobedience the same as Gandhi’s? Why or why not?
DOCUMENT 4
1. What was the Dharasana Salt Raid?
2. What evidence is there that the marchers were both
non-violent and disciplined?
3. Would you have expected this non-violent strategy to
be successful? Explain why or why not.
DOCUMENT 5
1. What was the purpose of MLK and the SCLC?
2. What evidence is there that the marchers were both
non-violent and disciplined?
3. What were the similarities between the protests in
Birmingham and Dharasana (Doc 4)?
FINAL WORD!
On a half sheet of paper, explain at least two reasons
why these three leaders made nonviolence work! Support
your reasoning with evidence from the documents!
TUESDAY’S WARM-UP:
Share with your neighbors
who you learned about that
is advocating for change
and progress nonviolently in
the world today!
Be prepared to share what
your neighbor talked about
with the class!
TUESDAY IN WORLD HISTORY: PEACE STUDIES!
Aim  scholars will analyze primary and secondary historical
documents in order to determine how Mandela, Gandhi, and King
were successful in using nonviolence to lead to change and progress in
their countries.
Big Idea  So we are all familiar with Gandhi, Dr. King, and
Mandela. However, what can we learn about them as people to lead
to change and progress in our own world? On our journey towards
expanding our worldviews (turning our flashlights into spotlights), we
will continue to investigate the lives and legacies of these influential
leaders from recent world history.
Homework  Get to bed early and eat breakfast tomorrow! Be
ready to do your BEST on the ACT! We are confident that you will all
do great!
DOCUMENT ANALYSIS!
Continue to read the historical documents in order to
investigate how these leaders made nonviolence
work!
DOCUMENT 6
1. Judging from the title of the campaign, what was
Mandela’s purpose?
2. What were Mandela’s feelings about non-violence and
discipline?
DOCUMENT 7
1. What is Gandhi’s attitude about going to jail? How do
you know this?
2. Is accepting jail time a smart tactic in bringing in social
change? Explain!
DOCUMENT 8
1. For what crime was MLK and his followers arrested?
2. What was the attitude of MLK and his followers about
being arrested? Why?
DOCUMENT 9
1. Why was Mandela willing to accept the death penalty?
2. Based on the documents so far, what generalization can
you make about jail and a successful non-violent
movement?
DOCUMENT 10
1. Who are the two figures in the cartoon?
2. What is the relationship of the two figures in the cartoon?
3. What is the main idea of the cartoon?
DOCUMENT 11
1. What famous speech was delivered at the event where
this button was given out?
2. What is the main idea of the button?
DOCUMENT 12
1. What is the meaning of the cartoon caption?
2. What do Docs 10, 11, and 12 say about how to achieve
non-violent change?
THE RETURN OF MR. GREEN!
Crash Course World History 2:
Nonviolence and Peace Movements
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=eP-mv5IjFzY
CRASH COURSE QUESTIONS!
(ANSWER THESE IN YOUR NOTEBOOK!)
1. By 1900, which continent “ruled” the world? How and why?
2. How did Gandhi “see” Western Civilization as? Why did he believe this?
Why would Eurocentric historians be upset about this?
3. How did the Salt March play a role in India gaining independence from
the British Empire?
4. What proof does Professor John Green provide, which supports his claim
that the spread of nonviolence was an international movement?
5. Why did MLK visit India and how did this experience influence his
worldview?
6. What does Professor John Green claim about the 20th century (19001999)? Do you agree or disagree with his claim? Explain your reasoning!
SAPED BY THE BELL!
What made nonviolence work for
Gandhi, Dr. King, and Mandela?