Transcript Chapter 18 PowerPoint

Coal, Steam, and The Industrial
Revolution: Crash Course World
History #32 - YouTube
• Why Europe?
• Why Britain?
• What were the Pros and Cons of the Industrial
Revolution?
Why Europe?
• Europe’s political system, which was composed of many
small and highly competitive states, favored innovation.
• Also, the relative newness of European states and their
monarchs’ desperate need for revenue in the absence of
an effective tax-collecting bureaucracy pushed European
royals into an unusual alliance with their merchant
classes, resulting in an unusual degree of freedom from
state control and a higher social status for merchants
than in more established civilizations.
• Globally, Europe after 1500 became the hub of the
largest and most varied network of exchange in the
world, which generated extensive change and innovation
and stimulated European commerce.
• The conquest of the Americas allowed Europeans to
draw disproportionately on world resources and
provided a growing market (from colonies) for
European machine-produced goods.
Why Britain?
• 1. Britain was the most commercialized of
Europe’s larger countries due to Agricultural
Revolution
a.
small farmers had been pushed out
(enclosure movement)
b.
market production fueled by a number
of agricultural innovations (four field system, seed
drill, selective breeding)
c.
guilds had largely disappeared
• 2. Ready supply of industrial workers with few
options (see #1) (Not as many farmers needed)
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Why
Britain?
British aristocrats were interested in commerce
British commerce was worldwide (India, American colonies)
British political life encouraged commercialization and economic innovation
a.
policy of religious toleration (established 1688) welcomed people with
technical skills regardless of faith
b.
British government imposed tariffs to protect its businessmen
c.
it was easy to form companies and forbid workers’ unions
d.
unified internal market, thanks to road and canal system
e.
patent laws protected inventors’ interests
Ironing Board- Brian Regan - YouTube
f.
checks on royal authority gave more room for private enterprise
6.
Emphasis of the Scientific Revolution was different in Great Britain
a.
on the continent: logic, deduction, mathematical reasoning
b.
in Britain: observation and experiment, measurement, mechanical
devices, practical applications
c.
in Britain, artisan/craftsman inventors were in close contact with
scientists and entrepreneurs
d.
the British Royal Society (founded 1660) took the role of promoting
“useful knowledge”
Why Britain?
7. Britain had plenty of coal and iron ore,
often conveniently located near earth’s surface.
8. Britain was not devastated by the
Napoleonic wars
9. Social change was possible without
revolution
What did humankind gain from the
Industrial Revolution
• Enormous increase in the output of goods and
services because of a wholly unprecedented jump
in the capacities of human societies to produce
wealth.
• Unprecedented technological innovation
• new sources of power
• new employment opportunities for participants.
• Growing populations
• The Wii Didn't Start the Fire - A Brief History of Video Games - YouTube
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q8LaT5Iiwo4 Everything is Amazing but nobody’s happy Louis C.K.
What did society lose with the
Industrial Revolution?
• Miserable working conditions for laboring
classes (long hours, low wages, lack of safety,
child labor
We Are History - The industrial
revolution – YouTube first 4 min
What did society lose with the
Industrial Revolution?
• Horrible living conditions for many in the
laboring classes: overcrowding, crime,
pollution, disease
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What did society lose with the
Industrial Revolution?
• New and sometimes bitter social- and classbased conflicts
What did society lose with the
Industrial Revolution?
Environmental degradation and pollution
Story of how the automobile saved the cities and How they are destroying them today?
Freakonomics
• Kahoot:
• Causes of the Industrial Revolution
• Inventions of the Industrial Revolution
Capitalism and Socialism: Crash Course
World History #33 - YouTube
I. Socialists Proposed Radical Changes
• Felt laissez-faire capitalism exploited the poor and
that the only way to remedy the situation was to
introduce a socialist government to control the
means of production.
• Karl Marx, on the other hand, advocated a workers
revolution that would eventually lead to pure
Communism, a classless society.
Patricia Herlihy | Scholars Online | Choices
Program
II. Karl Marx’s theory on the stages of class
struggle in history
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Tribes (shared property and work)
Slavery (slave owners, slaves)
Feudalism (Nobles, serfs)
Capitalism (Owners, workers)
Communism (Classless society)
1. What similarities do you see between the
slavery, feudalism, and capitalism stages?
• You have people who have power (Haves)
• And those who do not (Have-Nots)
2. Which previous stage did Marx think communism
would resemble?
• Tribes
ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
• Major means of production owned by the government
and operated for the public good.
• Ideas of sharing and a utopian community
• 3. SOCIALISM
ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
• Most radical form of socialism, calls for an armed revolution
to overthrow Capitalism by the working class.
• -Government controls and owns all of production.
• “{From each according to his ability, to each according to his
need."
• Goods and services are given, rather than traded
• -No private property, state owns and controls everything.
• -No religion.
• 4. Communism
ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
• Economic system characterized by
the following: private property
ownership exists; individuals and
companies are allowed to compete
for their own economic gain; and
free market forces determine the
prices of goods and services. The
role of the state is to regulate and to
maintain an army for protection of
capitalist values.
• 5. CAPITALISM
Wall Street - Kinetic Typography Greed - YouTube
6. Currently, what nations have
communist governments?
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Cuba
North Korea
China
Vietnam
Laos
7. Communism is an economic system that attempts to
eliminate all poverty and inequality. Why has
communism failed as an economic system?
• Lack of Motivation (Reward for hard work)
• Repression of civil rights
8. What are the negatives of Capitalism, the
economic system of America?
• Competition leads to inequality (winners and
losers)
John Oliver
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lf
gSEwjAeno
Wealth Inequality in America YouTube
9. What aspects/ policies of America’s
government are socialists in nature?
• Social Security
• Welfare
• Universal Health Care
Industrial Revolution Today:
Outsourcing
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• John Stossel - Outsourcing – YouTube
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• Outsourced Trailer – YouTube
• Indian Call Center -1 – YouTube
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxrzIXkPycs 60
Minutes Amazon
Kahoot Games for the IR
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Kahoot:
Causes of the Industrial Revolution
Inventions of the Industrial Revolution
Russian Revolution/IR in America