Transcript World War II

SOL Preparation
for
World
History
Getting ready for the SOL
There are less than 80
questions on the SOL Exam
They are multiple choice
questions
Some include maps & graphs
You have unlimited time in
which to complete the test
Answer all questions, leave no
question unanswered
The secret is in preparation,
what is important to know
People and events shape our
history
We will identify as many
important people and events
as possible in order to be
prepared to respond
successfully on the SOL
Let’s Begin
Be sure to use a highlighter
to identify key information
Make notes and page
references to you text book
to access more details
Follow the slides and link
the person or event with
important knowledge
The slides, like the test
follow a chronological
sequence
We will do a practice test
when we have finished
5 Great World Religions
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
Hinduism
Buddhism
Christianity and Islam
2 largest religions of the world
Christianity- Jesus & the Bible
Islam- Allah &the Koran, the
prophet Mohammed. 5 Pillars of Faith
Mono-theistic religions
Life after death or heaven
Geographical distribution of
world’s major religions
Judaism (in Israel & North America)
Christianity (Europe, North & South America)
Islam (Middle East, Africa, & Asia)
Hinduism (Concentrated in India)
Buddhism (East and Southeast Asia)
World Religions
Renaissance
Not since the times of Greece
and Rome, had there been
such a period of
magnificence…the Dark Ages
lasted for 800 years until the
great wealth created by trade
led to a period known as the
Renaissance
Salvation by
Martin Luther faith alone
Bible is
ultimate
authority
All humans
equal before
God
Pre-destination
John Calvin
Faith revealed
by living a
righteous life,
work ethic
Expansion of
the Protest
Church
Reformation (rise of Capitalism)
At first the Reformation divided
countries of Europe
Religious intolerance led to war
Gradually, religious toleration
emerged, but first came the
Counter Reformation of the
Catholic Church
Edict of Nantes
Allows religious freedom to
flourish in France
st
1 example of religious
toleration, ideas will spread
across Europe over the next
few hundred years
Henry VIII of England
Reformation
led by a
Monarch
Creates the
Church of
England
Johannes Gutenberg
Leonardo da Vinci
Laws of Planetary Motion
Copernicus
(heliocentric
theory) to Kepler
(LPM) to Galileo
Sun is the
center of the
universe
Galileo
Proves
Kepler’s work
His ideas
rock the
Catholic
Church
Used
telescope
Spanish Armada
William Shakespeare and
the Globe Theater
European thinkers express
new ideas
Age of Enlightenment
brought together ideas of the
Renaissance & the Scientific
Revolution
New attitudes are shaped
about society and individuals
The Enlightenment
Applied reason to the human
world, not just the natural world
Stimulated religious tolerance
Fueled democratic revolution
around the world
Voltaire
Religious
toleration
should
triumph over
religious
fanaticism:the
separation of
church and
state
Columbian Exchange
Diseases
Disease kills
a large
segment of
the
indigenous
population of
America
Spanish in America
The Spanish conquest of the
Americas reflect the influence
of Spain on language, customs,
& culture on another people
God, Glory, and Gold
slavery
Civilization of Africa
Ghana- gold and salt
European trading post
along coast
Slave trade
Plantation System
Agricultural system in the
South. Cash crops like
tobacco & cotton fuel slavery
Mercantilism
An economic practice adopted
by European colonial powers in
an effort to become selfsufficient; based on the theory
that colonies existed for the
benefit of the mother country
Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776 - Philadelphia
Absolutism
Divine Right Theory – power
given to a King by God
This concept will clash with the
ideas of the new modern
philosophers of the 1600’s
Louis XIV & Peter the Great
Absolute Monarchs
Louis XIV
Peter The Great
Glorious Revolution
A “bloodless” revolution
Greater power of Parliament in
England
An example of shared power of
the monarch and the people
American & French Revolution
Napoleon- Codes
James Watt improves the
Steam Engine
Transportation
Locomotive is an important
form of transportation that
changes life in Europe
Robert Fulton’s steamboat
speeds ocean travel
Commerce & Communication
is enhanced (food supply improves)
Henry Bessemer
Process to
make steel
Steel is
cheaper to
produce
People whose ideas and
inventions change the world
Sir Isaac Newton
Eli Whitney
Henry Bessemer Match their
breakthroughs
Louis Pasteur
Edward Jenner
Karl Marx
Isaac Newton
Theory of
Gravity
Laws of
Motion
Writers advocate liberty
and reason
Adam Smith, 1776 writes The
Wealth of Nations, explains a
free economy & Laissez Faire
policies
Law of Self Interest-competition
& supply and demand
Factories
Mercantilism
Food supply
Congress of Vienna
“The Sword”
Giuseppe Garibaldi

Fought in the
effort to unite
Northern and
Southern
Italy
Otto von Bismarck
and
German Unification

Led
Germany
Realpolitik

all means are
justified to
achieve and hold
power
Imperialism in Africa
Ottoman Empire
Carving up
China
U.S. in
China
Open Door
Policy of
free trade in
China with
out conflict
Revolution in Russia
Rise of Communism led by
Lenin…the Soviet Union
formed
Continued by Joseph Stalin
5-year plans for agriculture and
industry
The Big Four at Wilson’s 14
the Treaty of
points
Versailles
League of
Nations
War Guilt
Clause
World-wide
depression
follows WW I
Manhattan Project & the
Atomic Bomb
Project to
develop the
atomic bomb
in New
Mexico
World War II
D-Day, Europe is liberated
Island hopping across the
Pacific
Marshall Plan to rebuild
Europe
MacArthur rebuilds Japan
Cold War
The Berlin Airlift
The Marshall Plan
Truman Doctrine – policy of
containment
NATO & Warsaw Pact
Berlin Wall erected in 1961
English domination of India
ends after World War II
Gandhi & the
idea of civil
disobedience
frees India of
British rule
after 200 years
Communist Leaders
Stalin leads
Soviet Union
Mao rules
China
Split
Spy planes discover that the
soviets have placed missiles in
Cuba (1962)
Kennedy orders a blockade
Soviets agreed to remove
missiles if the U.S. would agree
not to invade Cuba and if they
removed missiles from Turkey
United Nations
Apartheid
Apartheid, policy of racial
segregation formerly
followed in South Africa.
The word apartheid means
“separateness” in the
Afrikaans language.
Fall of the Soviet Union
 1989,
satellite
nations forced
democratic elections
Berlin Wall comes
down
East & West
Germany reunited
World’s Hot Spots
The Middle East
Persian Gulf
Ongoing
Middle East
conflict
Oil
OPEC
European Common Market
Progress toward greater unity among the
12 member states of the European
Community was mixed during 1991.
Nevertheless, leaders of the member
states, at a summit meeting in Maastricht,
the Netherlands, in December, succeeded
in agreeing on two treaties that committed
them to monetary union by the end of the
decade and gave the Community a clear
political profile for the first time.
World Geography
Geographic features
Rivers
Mountains
Oceans
How they influence world
history