Transcript earlymod - pantherFILE

Early Modern Europe Emerges
The Islamic World, Discovery of the
New World, and a Changing Europe
Timeline
• 1456: Gutenberg Bible (Invention of movable
type)
• 1492 Columbus’ “Discovery” of the New World
• ca 1500 Renaissance
• 1517 Protestant Reformation
• 1607: Founding of Virginia (Jamestown Colony)
• 1620-30: Founding of Plymouth Colony and
Massachusetts Bay
The Muslim World
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Mohammed born: 570 CE
Islam spreads: 6th Century onward
“Civilization” shifts to the east
Western Christendom confronts a large
empire on its southern and eastern border.
Expansion of Islam
Expansion of Islam
Islamic World, 900
Expansion of Islam, 1300
Ottoman Empire, 1566
European Timeline, Post Black
Death
• 1456: Gutenberg Bible: Invention of Movable
Type
• Discovery of the New World: 1492
• Ca 1500: Renaissance
• Protestant Reformation: 1517
• 1607: Founding of Virginia (Jamestown Colony
• 1620-1630: Founding of Plymouth Colony and
Massachusetts Bay
Timeline
• 17th Century (1600s) The Golden Age of the
Dutch Republic
• 1640-1660: English Revolution
• 17th - 18th Centuries (1600-1700s) Reign of the
“Louis”: Louis XIV (1661-1715)
• 1776: American Revolution
• 1789: French Revolution
• Late 18th Century: Industrial Revolution in
England
Protestant Reformation
• Martin Luther (and others) challenge the
primacy of the Papacy and Catholic ideas...
• Splits the unity of Western Christendom
• Reorganizes the relationship between
individual and God
• Reorganizes the relationship among church,
state and family
Discovery and Colonization of the
New World (and Trade with Far East)
• Expands the horizons of Europe and expands
European civilization
• Brings new products to Europeans (sugar, coffee,
tea, tobacco, corn, spices, china, silk, paper,
gunpowder, pasta)
• Fosters the expansion of the trading economy and
‘urban’ society, particularly in the Netherlands and
Britain
Expansion of Science, Reading
and Knowledge
• Development of printing and book
publishing
• Expansion of literacy and hence schooling
• Expansion of science and technology
– Astronomy
– Navigation
Rise of Democratic Society
• Invention of the idea of the rights of man
and challenge to absolutist ideals
• Development of conceptions of liberty,
equality, fraternity, freedom of speech,
conscience, religion
• Countertrends: The reintroduction of
slavery as a labor system
European Social Classes
• Nobility or Aristocracy
• Gentry (propertied, but not necessarily
noble)
• Middle Classes, Bourgeois, Burghers
(Urban Professionals)
• Tradesmen, artisans, small holders
• Poor
What is yet to come...
• The Industrial Revolution: first seen in
Britain in the late 18th century
– steam engine
– railroads
– new forms of communication, e.g., telegraph,
telephone
– factory system of production
Western European Marriage
Pattern
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Late marriage (age)
Neolocal
Low fertility
Long generations