Transcript America Enters WWII - Okemos Public Schools

America Enters WWII
Ppt. #2
U.S. History
The Era of Isolationism
• During the 1930s the country as a whole was antiwar.
• Why?
Isolationism Continued….
• In 1935, Congress passed the Neutrality Acts
− Outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war
− Eventually included countries engaged in Civil War
• Spanish Civil War (Picasso)
Neutrality Breaks Down
• July 1937, Japan attacked China
• How do we aid China?
− Stop trade with Japan
• September 1939, Cash and Carry
−
−
−
−
FDR
Pay with cash & transport yourself
Isolationist?
Churchill: Too little too late
&
Axis of Evil
• September 27,
1940
Tripartite Pact
-Mutual Defense
-Goal: Keep US
out of War
-US would have
A 2 front war
Get Ready, Set…
• FDR asks Congress to increase military spending
− Keeping track of all Nazi victories
• Passed the 1st peace time draft
− Selective Training and Service Act
− 16 million men between 21-35 were registered
− Fireside Chat
• Solemn Ceremony
1940 Election
Significance?
3rd Term!
-Both promise to
stay out of the war
-After election FDR
says we have to
help Great Britain
FDR 3rd Term
• FDR wanted to help the Allies
• BUT
• Had to appease U.S. citizens who opposed entering
the war.
• He knew he had to get re-elected for the 3rd time
before he could become involved.
1941
• There is a problem with Cash and Carry!
− Great Britain is out of money!
• Lend/Lease
− “to any country whose defense was vital to the U.S.”
comparable to one neighbor's lending another a garden
hose to put out a fire in his home. "What do I do in such a
crisis?" the president asked at a press conference. "I don't
say... 'Neighbor, my garden hose cost me $15; you have
to pay me $15 for it' …I don't want $15 — I want my
garden hose back after the fire is over."
** FDR policy to provide arms to foreign countries.
“The Enemy of My Enemy is My Friend”
• Churchill: “If Hitler invaded Hell we’d help the
devil”
• June 1941, Hitler invades U.S.S.R.
• FDR began to send Lend/Lease supplies to Stalin
• Battle of the Atlantic:
1.U-Boat Attacks – German
2. “The rattlesnakes of the
Atlantic” = German Uboats
FDR quote.
3. Germany’s goal: keep food
And war supplies from getting
To GB and Russia
Japan
• Already in Control of
Manchuria
• 1937- invaded China
Seized colonial lands
in East Asia.
Why now?
• Everyone was too
busy to worry about
their colonies
• 1941- moved South
• In response we cut off trade with the Japanese (OIL)
2 options for the Japanese:
1. persuade the US to lift Embargo
2. Oil refineries in the East Dutch Indies (this means war)
Peace Talks
• Two Japanese negotiators in D.C.
• November 1941: Tojo ordering to prepare for
attack
• We had broken their code
− FDR warns Hawaii, Guam, Philippines
− Wants Japan to attack first
• But where would the attack be?
• December 6, 1941
− “reject all peace proposals”
• THIS MEANS WAR!
Dec 7, 1941