Transcript Ch32 - Net Start Class

QUIT
World War II, 1939–1945
CHAPTER
32
Chapter Overview
Time Line
MAP
GRAPH
SECTION
1 Hitler’s Lightning War
SECTION
2 Japan Strikes in the Pacific
SECTION
3 The Holocaust
SECTION
4 The Allies Are Victorious
SECTION
5 The Devastation of Europe and Japan
Visual Summary
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CHAPTER
32
World War II, 1939–1945
Chapter Overview
The expansionist designs of Germany and
Japan lead to worldwide conflict. After initial
defeats in Europe and the Pacific, the Allies
are victorious but at the cost of millions of
lives and the economic and political
devastation of Europe and Japan.
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CHAPTER
32
World War II, 1939–1945
Time Line
1939 Germany
invades Poland.
1941 (June) Germans
invade Soviet Union.
(Dec.) Japan attacks Pearl
Harbor.
1944 D-Day invasion
occurs.
1939
1945
1940 France surrenders
to German; Battle of
Britain begins.
1943 Allies
defeat Japan at
Guadalcanal.
1945 (May) Germany
surrenders. (Aug.)
Atomic bombs dropped;
Japan surrenders.
1
HOME
Hitler’s Lightning War
MAP
Key Idea
Hitler launches a surprise attack on Poland,
overruns much of Europe, and invades Russia.
Britain survives to fight on alone, aided by
arms from the United States.
Overview
Assessment
1
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Hitler’s Lightning War
MAP
TERMS & NAMES
Overview
• nonaggression pact
• blitzkrieg
MAIN IDEA
WHY IT MATTERS NOW
• Charles de Gaulle
Using the sudden,
mass attack called the
blitzkrieg, Germany
overran much of
Europe and North
Africa.
Hitler’s actions set off
World War II. The results
of the war still affect the
politics and economics of
today’s world.
• Winston Churchill
Assessment
• Battle of Britain
• Atlantic Charter
1
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Hitler’s Lightning War
MAP
Section
1
Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts.
Identify the effects of each of the early events of World
War II that are listed below.
Cause
Effect
First blitzkrieg
The fall of Poland
Allies stranded at Dunkirk
338,000 soldiers saved
British forces leave Western Europe.
British radar detects German aircraft
British able to hold off German
occupation
Lend-Lease Act
U.S. supplied Allies with war goods.
U.S. decision to favor the Allies
continued . . .
1
Hitler’s Lightning War
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MAP
Section
1
Assessment
2. Great Britain and the Soviet city of Leningrad each
fought off a German invasion. Other countries gave in
to the Germans without much resistance. What factors
do you think a country’s leaders consider when
deciding whether to surrender or to fight?
THINK ABOUT
• the country’s ability to fight
• the costs of resisting
• the costs of surrendering
ANSWER
continued . . .
1
Hitler’s Lightning War
HOME
MAP
Section
Possible
Responses:
1
Assessment
Ability to Fight: army large enough to fight the
enemy, sufficient weapons
Costs of Resisting: major civilian and military
deaths, destruction of property, economic chaos
Costs of Surrendering: enemy control of the
government, repression of the population
End of Section 1
2
HOME
Japan Strikes
in the Pacific
Key Idea
Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor draws the United
States into the war. Initial Japanese victories in the
Pacific are overturned as U.S. naval forces fight
back, gaining the offensive.
Overview
Assessment
2
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Japan Strikes
in the Pacific
TERMS & NAMES
Overview
• Isoroku Yamamoto
• Pearl Harbor
MAIN IDEA
WHY IT MATTERS NOW
• Battle of Midway
Carving out an empire,
Japan attacked Pearl
Harbor in Hawaii and
brought the United States
into World War II.
World War II established the
role of the United States as a
leading player in international
affairs.
• Douglas MacArthur
Assessment
• Battle of Guadalcanal
2
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Japan Strikes
in the Pacific
Section
2
Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts.
List four major events of the war in the Pacific between
1941 and 1943.
Event 1:
Japan bombs Pearl Harbor
Event 2:
United States bombs Tokyo
Event 3:
Battle of Midway
Event 4:
Battle of Guadalcanal
continued . . .
2
HOME
Japan Strikes
in the Pacific
Section
2
Assessment
2. Judging from the effects of the attack on Pearl Harbor,
do you think Yamamoto made a wise decision in
bombing Pearl Harbor? Why or why not?
THINK ABOUT
• Yamamoto’s goals in the bombing
• United States involvement in World War II
• the effects of the bombing
ANSWER
Possible
Responses:
Wise: If the Japanese did not destroy the U.S. Pacific
fleet, it would have been used against them.
Unwise: If the Japanese did not bomb Pearl Harbor,
the United States may never have entered the war.
continued . . .
2
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Japan Strikes
in the Pacific
Section
2
Assessment
3. What do you think Yamamoto’s biggest problems
were in building the Japanese empire in the Pacific?
THINK ABOUT
• geographical problems
• European/American interests in the Pacific
• psychological factors
ANSWER
Possible
Responses:
Geography: The Pacific region is so huge that it would be
difficult to build an empire.
European/American Interests: The United States and certain
European countries had military posts in the Pacific.
Psychological Factors: After the bombing of Tokyo, Yamamoto
had to deal with shaken Japanese confidence.
End of Section 2
3
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The Holocaust
Key Idea
Nazi persecution of Jews throughout Germany
and the conquered nations leads to Hitler’s
“Final Solution”: the mass extermination of 6
million of Europe’s Jews.
Overview
Assessment
3
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The Holocaust
TERMS & NAMES
Overview
• Aryans
• Holocaust
MAIN IDEA
WHY IT MATTERS NOW
• Kristallnacht
During the Holocaust,
Hitler’s Nazis killed 6
million Jews and 5 million
other “non-Aryans.”
The violence against Jews
during the Holocaust led to
the founding of Israel after
World War II.
• ghettos
Assessment
• “Final Solution”
• genocide
3
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The Holocaust
Section
3
Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts.
Give examples of Nazi persecutions.
Burning of Jewish
businesses, homes,
and synagogues
Nuremberg Laws
Nazi Persecutions
Genocide of Jews
Persecution of gypsies, Poles,
Russians, homosexuals, the
insane, the disabled, the ill
Concentration
camps
continued . . .
3
HOME
The Holocaust
Section
3
Assessment
2. Why do you think German soldiers and the German
people went along with the Nazi policy of persecution
of the Jews? THINK ABOUT
• Nazi treatment of those who disagreed
• Nazi propaganda
• the political and social conditions in Germany at
the time
ANSWER
Possible
Responses:
Treatment: The people of Germany were afraid for
their lives.
Propaganda: It tried to convince Germans that Jewish
people were subhuman.
Conditions: A repressive dictatorship
End of Section 3
4
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The Allies
Are Victorious
Key Idea
The Allies invade Europe as the Soviet
Union drives the Germans westward,
leading to Germany’s final defeat. Japan
surrenders following an atomic bomb
attack by the United States.
Overview
Assessment
4
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The Allies
Are Victorious
TERMS & NAMES
Overview
• Erwin Rommel
• Bernard Montgomery
MAIN IDEA
WHY IT MATTERS NOW
• Dwight D. Eisenhower
Led by the United
States, Great Britain,
and the Soviet Union,
the Allies scored key
victories and won the
war.
The Allies’ victory in
World War II set up
conditions for both the
Cold War and today’s postCold War world.
• Battle of Stalingrad
Assessment
• D-Day
• Battle of the Bulge
• kamikaze
4
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The Allies
Are Victorious
Section
4
Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts.
List the outcomes of the four World War II battles
listed below.
Battle
Outcome
Battle of El Alamein
Rommel’s army defeated in North Africa
Battle of Stalingrad
Held by Soviets
D-Day Invasion
Allies held beachheads
Battle of the Bulge
Allies eventually pushed Germans back
continued . . .
4
HOME
The Allies
Are Victorious
Section
4
Assessment
2. Based on what you have read in this section, how do
governments gather support for a war effort on the home
front? THINK ABOUT
• the economy
• forms of propaganda
• individual participation in the war effort
ANSWER
Possible
Responses:
• Rationing of materials (gasoline, metals, rubber, food,
etc.) crucial to the war effort
• Collecting war materials donated by individuals
• Selling bonds to raise money for the war
• Using propaganda to paint themselves as fighters
for right against evil enemies
continued . . .
4
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The Allies
Are Victorious
Section
4
Assessment
3. Do you think President Truman made the correct
decision by ordering the atomic bomb dropped on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki? Why or why not?
THINK ABOUT
• the likely consequences if the atomic bomb had
not been dropped
• the destruction caused by the atomic bomb
• World War II after the dropping of the atomic bomb
ANSWER
Possible
Responses:
Right: Dropping the bomb was an effective way to
end the war in the Pacific.
Wrong: The atomic bomb caused a huge loss of
civilian lives.
End of Section 4
5
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The Devastation of
Europe and Japan
GRAPH
Key Idea
A ravaged Europe struggles to recover
as the United States occupies Japan and
begins to bring political change and
stability.
Overview
Assessment
5
The Devastation of
Europe and Japan
GRAPH
HOME
TERMS & NAMES
Overview
• Nuremberg Trials
• demilitarization
MAIN IDEA
WHY IT MATTERS NOW
World War II cost
millions of human lives
and billions of dollars in
damages. It left Europe
and Japan in ruins.
The United States survived
World War II undamaged,
allowing it to become a
world leader.
Assessment
5
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The Devastation of
Europe and Japan
GRAPH
Section
5
Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts.
Compare and contrast the aftermath of World War II in
Europe and Japan.
Europe only
• Displaced persons
looking for families
• Famine
• Rise of communism
Both
• Destruction of land and property
• Natural resources depleted
• Heavy loss of life
• Major cities in shambles
Japan only
• Japanese emperor
no longer a god
• Japanese people
humiliated
• Radiation poisoning
from the atomic
bomb
continued . . .
5
HOME
The Devastation of
Europe and Japan
GRAPH
Section
5
Assessment
2. Why do you think that many Europeans favored
communism directly following World War II?
THINK ABOUT
• World War II destruction
• pre-World War II governments
• economic concerns
ANSWER
Possible
Responses:
• People lost faith in leaders of the past who had
participated in starting or conducting the war.
• Communism promised food and prosperity to
people who had none.
End of Section 5