Transcript File

THE HISTORY OF HUMAN
RIGHTS
WHAT ARE THEY?
THE “PLAN”
• My Hero stories—read aloud
• WWYD segments—watch
• Response writings to the above and quotes
WHAT IS IMPORTANT TO YOU
• PLEASE COMPLETE PAGE 11 IN THE HANDOUT PACKET
• THESE PACKETS WILL NEED TO TRAVEL WITH YOU TO ENGLISH AND LITERATURE.
WORLD WAR II
WHAT DO YOU ALREADY
KNOW?
• MAKE A LIST OF EVERYTHING YOU
KNOW ABOUT WORLD WAR II.
• DATES, PEOPLE, PLACES, EVENTS, ETC.
WW II--HISTORY
WHY ARE THESE DATES
SIGNIFICANT?
WHY ARE THESE
TERMS/PLACES SIGNIFICANT?
• DECEMBER 7, 1941
• MINIDOKA AND MANZANAR
• JUNE 6, 1944
• HOLOCAUST
• DECEMBER 16, 1944 TO JANUARY 1945
• GHETTO
• MAY 1945
• CONCENTRATION CAMP/
INTERNMENT CAMP/ EXTERMINATION
CAMP
• JUNE 1945
I CRY OUT WITH ALL MY HEART AGAINST SILENCE—ELLIE WIESEL
IN MODERN HISTORY, THERE IS ONE TIME, ONE HORRID
MOMENT WHEN ALL HUMANITY SEEMED TO DISAPPEAR.
WORLD WAR II
DURING THIS TIME, ADOLPH HITLER, THE LEADER OF
GERMANY’S NAZI PARTY, CONVINCED MANY THAT THE
PROBLEMS OF HIS COUNTRY…AND EVEN THE
WORLD….WERE CAUSED BY JEWS.
HITLER SET OUT TO RID THE EARTH OF THE JEWISH
POPULATION. FIRST, HE HAD TO CONVINCE OTHERS THAT
HE WAS RIGHT. HE DID SO BY USING PROPOGANDA.
DURING THE FOLLOWING SLIDES, TAKE GOOD
NOTES. YOUR NOTES WILL OFTEN BE USED FOR A
GRADE.
AN OBVIOUS EXAMPLE
TIMELINE OF WWII
• GERMANS AND SOVIETS SIGN A
PACT TO NOT INVADE EACH
OTHER.
• SEPTEMBER 1, 1939—GERMAN
FORCES INVADE POLAND
• SEPTEMBER 3, 1939—BRITAIN
AND FRANCE DECLARE WAR ON
GERMANY
• SEPTEMBER 28, 1939—POLISH
ARMY SURRENDERS TO THE
GERMANS
• APRIL 9, 1940—NORWAY AND DENMARK
ATTACKED BY GERMAN FORCES
• DENMARK IS OCCUPIED IN ONE DAY
• MAY 10, 1940—NETHERLANDS, BELGIUM,
AND LUXEMBOURG INVADED
• JUNE 10, 1940—NORWAY SURRENDERS
TIMELINE PART 2
• MAY 10, 1940—GERMANS INVADE
WESTERN EUROPE… LUXEMBOURG,
FRANCE
• JULY 10, 1940-OCTOBER 31, 1940—
BATTLE OF BRITAIN, AN INTENSE
AIR WAR OVER ENGLAND
• JUNE 10, 1940, ITALY JOINS GERMANY
• 1941—GERMAN FORCES INVADE
YUGOSLAVIA AND GREECE—
GERMANY WAS SUPPORTED BY ITS
ALLIES (ITALY, BULGARIA,
HUNGARY, AND ROMANIA)
• JUNE 22, 1940—FRANCE SIGNS
AGREEMENT WITH GERMANY WHICH
PROVIDED FOR GERMAN OCCUPATION
OF THE NORTHERN HALF OF THE
COUNTRY, AND A GOVERNMENT SEAT
IN THE SOUTH.
• JUNE 22, 1941—GERMANS ATTACK
THE SOVIET UNION.
• IN DECEMBER OF 1941, THE
SOVIET UNION LAUNCHES A
COUTEROFFENSIVE, FORCING THE
GERMANS TO RETREAT
TIMELINE PART 3
• DECEMBER 7, 1941—JAPAN BOMBS
PEARL HARBOR . THE UNITED STATES
DECLARES WAR ON JAPAN
• DECEMBER 11, 1941—GERMANY AND
ITALY DECLARE WAR ON THE U.S.
• MAY 1942—ENGLAND BOMBS KOLN,
GERMANY—TAKING THE WAR TO
THEM.
• MAY 1943—AXIS POWERS SURRENDER
IN AFRICA.
• SEPTEMBER 8, 1943—ITALY GETS NEW
LEADERSHIP AND SURRENDERS TO
THE ALLIES
•
TIMELINE
4—D
DAY
JUNE 6, 1944—D-DAY—
ALLIED FORCES LAND IN
FRANCE…ON THE
BEACHES OF
NORMANDY. MORE
THAN 150,000 ALLIED
SOLDIERS LAND.
• AUGUST 25, 1944—
ALLIES ENTER
PARIS…MOST OF
FRANCE LIBERATED BY
THE END OF AUGUST
• SEPTEMBER 11, 1944—US
TROOPS CROSS INTO
GERMANY
TIMELINE—PART 5
• DECEMBER 1944—GERMAN FORCES
ATTACK THROUGH THE ARDENNES
FOREST IN BELGIUM IN AN ATTEMPT TO
DIVIDE AND DESTROY ALLIED FORCES.
ALLIES FORCE THEM INTO A RETREAT—
KNOWN AS THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE
• JANUARY 1945– POLAND LIBERATED.
• FEBRUARY 1945—ALLIES BOMB
DRESDEN KILLING 35,000 CIVILIANS.
• MARCH 7, 1945—AMERICANS CROSS
THE RHINE RIVER
• APRIL 30, 1945—AS SOVIET FORCES
NEAR HIS COMMAND BUNKER IN BERLIN,
ADOLF HITLER COMMITTS SUICIDE.
• MAY 7, 1945—GERMAN FORCES
SURRENDER IN THE WEST,
• AND IN THE EAST ON MAY 9, 1945.
THIS DATE IS KNOWN AS V-E DAY
• JUNE 1945—EUROPEAN WAR
OFFICIALLY OVER
• AUGUST 1945—WAR IN THE
PACIFIC ENDS SOON AFTER THE
U.S. DROPS ATOMIC BOMBS ON
THE JAPANESE CITIES OF
HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKE,
KILLING 120,000 CIVILIANS
• SEPTEMBER 2, 1945—JAPAN
SURRENDERS.
ANTISEMITISM
• DEFINED: PREJUDICE
AGAINST OR HATRED
OF JEWS.
• THE HOLOCAUST, A
STATE-SPONSORED
PERSECUTION AND
MURDER OF EUROPEAN
JEWS BY NAZI GERMANY
AND THEIR
COLLABORATORS
BETWEEN 1933 AND
1945 IS HISTORY’S MOST
EXTREME EXAMPLE OF
ANTISEMITISM.
JEWS ARE NOT WANTED HERE. 1936
HOW EARLY DID IT START FOR HITLER
AND HIS FOLLOWERS?
• IN 1933, THE NAZI PARTY
ORDERED ANTI-JEWISH
BOYCOTTS, STAGED BOOK
BURNINGS, AND PASSED ANTIJEW LAWS.
• THE NUREMBERG LAWS DEFINED
JEWS BY “BLOOD” AND
ORDERED TOTAL SEPERATION
OF JEWS AND NON-JEWS—
ARYANS.
• USED TO DECIDE WHO WAS A
JEW.
• THIS LEGALIZED RACIAL
PREJUDICE
• NOVEMBER 9, 1938—
KRISTALLNACHT
POGROM, OR NIGHT OF
BROKEN GLASS
• THIS NIGHT MARKED
THE MOVE TO
DESTRUCTION AND
VIOLENCE
• JEWISH BUSINESSES
WERE DESTROYED BY
VANDALISM AND FIRE.
• MANY JEWS WERE
PULLED INTO THE
STREETS AND BEATEN
KRISTALLNACHT
PROPOGANDA
Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used
to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of
view.
PROPOGANDA HAS
A POWERFUL
EFFECT…
LADDERS AND
PYRAMIDS
HITLER ESTABLISHED A REICH MINISTRY
OF PUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENT AND
PROPOGANDA HEADED BY JOSEPH
GOEBBELS.
TO ENSURE THAT THE NAZI MESSAGE WAS
SUCCESSFULLY COMMUNICATED
THROUGH ART, MUSIC, THEATER, FILMS,
BOOKS, RADIO, EDUCATIONAL
MATERIALS, AND THE PRESS.
GERMAN CHILDREN READING “DER GIFTPILZ”
OR “THE POISONOUS MUSHROOM”
HOW IT WORKS
• PROPOGANDA WAS DESIGNED TO
ENCOURAGE PASSIVITY AND
ACCEPTANCE OF THE MEASURES
AGAINST JEWS.
• LEADERS DECIPTED THE NAZI
GOVERNMENT AS STEPPING IN AND
RESORING ORDER—PROTECTING THE
GERMAN PEOPLE FROM AN EVIL
ELEMENT.
• THEY PAINTED A TERRIFYING PICTURE
OF WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF THE
ALLIES WON THE WAR.
“THE POSONOUS
MUSHROOM
• INSIDE THE BOOK, THE
COMPARISON TO THE
MUSHROOM IS EXPLAINED
WHEN A MOTHER TELLS HER
CHILD: “JUST AS IT IS
DIFFICULT TO DISTINGUISH
BETWEEN A POISONOUS
MUSHROOM AND AN EDIBLE
MUSHROOM, IT IS DIFFICULT
TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN A
GOOD JEW AND A LYING,
THIEVING JEW.
CHILDREN TAUGHT EARLY
• CHILDREN WERE
TAUGHT IN SCHOOL
HOW TO “IDENTIFY” THE
EVIL JEWS.
• THE NOSE WAS SAID TO
BE SHAPED LIKE A “6”
• COMPARISONS WERE
THEN MADE TO THE
LEGENDARY
ASSOCIATION OF THE
NUMBER “6” TO SATAN.
CHILDREN WERE ENCOURAGED TO FEAR
THE JEWS
• THE CAPTION WITH THIS
PICTURE READS: “HERE MY
LITTLE ONE, YOU GET
SOMETHING VERY SWEET, BUT
AS A REWARD YOU BOTH MUST
COME WITH ME.”
• THE PICTURE PORTRAYS AN
ELDERLY JEW TRYING TO
POISON OR TRICK SMALL
CHILDREN BY USING CANDY.
FILM AS PROPOGANDA
• IMPORTANT IN GETTING
INFORMATION OUT TO A LARGE
GROUP.
• SHOWED THE SUPERIORITY OF
GERMAN MILITARY POWER
• SHOWED THE EVIL OF THE ENEMIES
OF GERMAN
• PORTRAYED JEWS AS SUBHUMAN
CREATURES
• “THE TRIUMPH OF THE WILL”,
PRODUCED IN 1935 GLORIFIED
HITLER AND NATIONAL PRIDE.
• THEY ALSO FOCUSED ON THE
SUCCESS OF GERMANS IN THE
1936 BERLIN OLYMPICS.
MORE MOVIES
• “THE ETERNAL JEW”
PORTRAYED JEWS AS
WANDERING CULTURAL
PARASITES CONSUMED
BY MONEY.
• JEWS WERE
PORTRAYED AS RATLIKE CREATURES EVEN
IN THE ADVERTISING
POSTER.
NEWSPAPERS
• NEWSPAPERS PRINTED
CARTOONS SHOWING JEWS IN
UNFAVORABLE LIGHT.
• DER STURMER (THE ATTACKER)
WAS ONE OF THE WORST.
• THEIR GOAL WAS TO SHOW
THAT JEWS WERE NOT ONLY
SUBHUMAN, BUT ALSO
DANGEROUS ENEMIES OF THE
GERMAN REICH.
PROPAGANDA—IS BIASED MATERIAL CREATED TO
INFLUENCE EMOTIONS
PROPAGANDISTS LOVE SHORT CUTS—THEY STIR UP
EMOTIONS, USE INSECURITITES, THEY BEND THE
RULES OF LOGIC. THEY USE FEAR, NAME CALLING,
PHOTO MANIPULATION, DEMONIZING OTHERS…
PROPAGANDA IS USED TO INFLUENCE HUMAN
BEHAVIOR.
PROPAGANDA CAN BE SO SUBTLE THAT WE HARDLY
NOTICE IT.
PROPAGANDA CAN MAKE US FEEL LIKE WE SHOULD
AGREE TO “BELONG”
IT MAY BE AS OBVIOUS AS A SWASTIKA OR AS SUBLE
AS A JOKE.
YOU MUST BE THE
CHANGE YOU WISH
TO SEE IN THE
WORLD—MAHATMA
GANDHI
NOT ALL PROPAGANDA IS NEGATIVE. PROPAGANDA IS
A PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE USED BY ADVERTISERS,
POLITICIANS, AND OTHERS. YOU ARE EXPOSED TO
PROPAGANDA ALMOST DAILY.
THE KEY IS TO UNDERSTAND WHAT PROPAGANDA IS
ACCEPTABLE AND WHAT IS NOT.
• I HAVE LEARNED THAT
COURAGE WAS NOT THE
ABSENCE OF FEAR, BUT
THE TRIUMPH OVER IT.
THE BRAVE MAN IS NOT
HE WHO DOES NOT FEEL
AFRAID, BUT HE WHO
CONQUESRS THAT FEAR.
–NELSON MANDELA
WEAPONS DO NOT FIRE ON THEIR OWN.
THOSE WHO HAVE LOST HOPE FIRE
THEM. –DR. OSCAR ARIAS SANCHEZ,
PRESIDENT, COSTA RICA.
THIS POSTER IS FOR A MOVIE CALLED “THE ETERNAL JEW’.
THE IMAGES ARE MEANT TO MAKE THE JEWISH PEOPLE
LOOK EVIL. IN THE MOVIE ITSELF, THE JEWS ARE COMPARED
TO RATS. THE SHAPE OF THEIR NOSES WERE SUPPOSED TO BE
BECAUSE OF THEIR CLOSE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE RAT.
WHEN JEWS WERE BEING SHIPPED OFF, IT WAS EASIER IF
THEIR NEIGHBORS COULD JUSTIFY IT AS GETTING THE
NEIGHBORHOOD CLEANED OF THE RAT POPULATION.
WHEN WE TELL JOKES, OR SUPPORT MUSIC OR MOVIES THAT
DEHUMANIZE OTHERS…OTHER RACES, RELIGIONS,
GENDERS, ETC…WE ARE SUPPORTING THIS KIND OF
PROPAGANDA.
JEWS ARE OUR
MISFORTUNE…AND
HOW JEWS CHEAT.
HITLER AND THE NAZI PARTY ARE
FAR FROM THE ONLY PEOPLE TO
EVER USE PROPAGANDA IN A
NEGATIVE WAY.
INTERESTINGLY, EVEN THE UNITED
STATES HAS USED IT.
I MENTION THE NAZI PARTY
SPECIFICALLY, BECAUSE WE ARE
GOING TO BE DISCUSSING THEIR
TREATMENT OF JEWS LATER THIS
QUARTER.
IS THIS PROPOGANDA?
WHY?
WHY NOT?
DEFINITION: the spreading
of ideas, information,
or rumor for the purpose of
helping or injuring an
institution, a cause, or a
person