Transcript 12 WORLD WAR II

2
2
Daily Quote &Question (DQ )
“With confidence in our armed forces - with the
unbounded determination of our people - we
will gain the inevitable triumph - so help us
GOD.“
-Franklin Roosevelt, dec. 8, 1941
SONG FOR THE DAY: 1. DER FuHRER’S FAcE
What
How
steps
did the
did the
new u.s.
dealtake
keepbefore
americans
entering
goingthe
during
fighting
the
indepression
world warand
ii tohelp
try prepare
and helpthem
the
british in their
for world
fightwar
against
ii? germany?
2
2
Daily Quote &Question (DQ )
“IT SuRE IS HELL TO bE PRESIDENT.“
-HARRY TRUMAN
SONG FOR THE DAY: 1. DON’T SIT uNDER THE APPLE TREE
How did the new deal keep americans going
during the depression and help prepare them
for world war ii?
2
2
Daily Quote &Question (DQ )
“I am become death, the destroyer
OF wORLDS.”-J. robert oppenheimer
(taken from Bhagavad Gita)
SONG
SONG
FOR FOR
THETHE
DAY:DAY:
1. You
1. DER
dropped
FuHRER’S
the bomb
FAcE on me
What were the military mistakes that cause the
u.s. not to be ready when japan attacked Pearl
harbor?
Daily Comment & Card
1942
BATTLES OF THE
CORAL SEA AND
MIDWAY
“I am
become
death, the
destroyer
of worlds.”
-J. Robert
Oppenheimer
-Battle of the Coral Sea (May 1942):
American carriers sent planes against
the Japanese troops, forcing them to
turn back from an invasion of
Australia.
-Battle of Midway (June 1942):
American planes destroyed Japanese
carriers as they moved toward the
American-owned Midway Islands,
becoming a defining movement in the
Pacific front.
SONG FOR THE DAY: DON’T SIT UNDER THE APPLE TREE
Daily Comment & Card
1942
December 1944
BATTLE OF THE
BULGE
“I am
become
death, the
destroyer
of worlds.”
-J. Robert
Oppenheimer
-German counterattack that pushed
the Allies back into Belgium
-Last stand of Hitler’s armies
-Eventually, the Allies returned to
Germany, leading to its surrender
on May 7, 1945
SONG FOR THE DAY: RUM AND COCA COLA
Daily Comment & Card
1942
BATTLES OF THE
CORAL SEA AND
MIDWAY
December 1944
BATTLE OF THE
BULGE
“I am
become
death, the
destroyer
of worlds.”
-J. Robert
Oppenheimer
-Battle of the Coral Sea (May 1942):
American carriers sent planes against
the Japanese troops, forcing them to
turn back from an invasion of
Australia.
-Battle of Midway (June 1942):
American planes destroyed Japanese
carriers as they moved toward the
American-owned Midway Islands,
becoming a defining movement in the
Pacific front.
-German counterattack that pushed
the Allies back into Belgium
-Last stand of Hitler’s armies
-Eventually, the Allies returned to
Germany, leading to its surrender
on May 7, 1945
SONG FOR THE DAY: DON’T SIT UNDER THE APPLE TREE
Daily Comment & Card
March 1941
LEND-LEASE
-American proposal to help the British,
who had little cash for supplies
-Gives British American supplies in
exchange for payment after war
-Payment made in material goods and
services
-Puts US on the side of the Allies
-US began program of cash and carry
(1939) in which British/French ships
could come into U.S. ports and buy
anything they could carry
SONG FOR THE DAY: OH JOHNNY
“With
confidence in
our armed
forces - with
the unbounded
determination
of our people we will gain the
inevitable
triumph - so
help us God.“
-Franklin
Roosevelt,
Dec. 8, 1941”
Daily Comment & Card
December 7, 1941
PEARL HARBOR
-Hawaiian base for the American
pacific fleet and site of massive
sneak attack by the Japanese
-Carrier-based aircraft attacked
American ships (little defense)
-Japanese destroyed all U.S. aircraft,
major battleships, and naval crafts
at the base—killed 2,323 military
-”A date which will live in infamy”
“With
confidence in
our armed
forces - with
the unbounded
determination
of our people we will gain the
inevitable
triumph - so
help us God.“
-Franklin
Roosevelt,
Dec. 8, 1941”
SONG FOR THE DAY: AC-CENT-TCHU-ATE THE POSITIVE
Daily Comment & Card
March 1941
December 7, 1941
LEND-LEASE
-American proposal to help the British,
who had little cash for supplies
-Gives British American supplies in
exchange for payment after war
-Payment made in material goods and
services
-Puts US on the side of the Allies
-US began program of cash and carry
(1939) in which British/French ships
could come into U.S. ports and buy
anything they could carry
PEARL HARBOR
-Hawaiian base for the American
pacific fleet and site of massive
sneak attack by the Japanese
-Carrier-based aircraft attacked
American ships (little defense)
-Japanese destroyed all U.S. aircraft,
major battleships, and naval crafts
at the base—killed 2,323 military
-”A date which will live in infamy”
SONG FOR THE DAY:DER FUHRER’S FACE
“With
confidence in
our armed
forces - with
the unbounded
determination
of our people we will gain the
inevitable
triumph - so
help us God.“
-Franklin
Roosevelt,
Dec. 8, 1941”
Daily Comment & Card
1944
KOREMATSU V.
U.S.
“I am
become
death, the
destroyer
of worlds.”
-J. Robert
Oppenheimer
-Fred Korematsu was arrested and
convicted after failing to comply with a
military order to move to a Japanese
relocation center
-the Supreme Court upheld his conviction
based on war powers; the government’s
need to protect against espionage
outweighed Korematsu’s rights
-Justice Frank Murphy, in his dissent,
stated the decision was the “legalization
of racism”
SONG FOR THE DAY: OH JOHNNY
Daily Comment & Card
1941-1945
MANHATTAN
PROJECT, ENOLA
GAY, HIROSHIMA/
NAGASAKI
-The Manhattan Project described operations
to design an atomic bomb
-J.Robert Oppenheimer directed the group at
Los Alamos, New Mexico
-Enola Gay was the plane that carried the
atomic bomb into Hiroshima, Japan, on 6
August 1945
-A second atomic bomb was dropped on
Nagasaki, Japan on August 9th.
--The decision was controversial as some
argued Japan was willing to surrender if it
were not for the policy of unconditional
surrender
“It sure is
hell to be
PRESIDENT.“
-HARRY TRUMAN
SONG FOR THE DAY: YOU DROPPED A BOMB ON ME
STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO:
-Identify and describe the political
and military leaders of world
war ii.
-explain the start of world war ii and
how america became involved.
-analyze who was responsible for
pearl harbor
-ANALYzE TRumAN’S DEcISION TO DROP THE
atomic bomb
-describe the legacy of world war ii
World war ii
1.
American in the war
a. Leaders
b. holocaust
c. american reaction
d. japan pulls us in
e. america involved
2. The homefront
a. labor
b. the family
c. hollywood
d. japanese-americans
LEADERS OF WORLD WAR II
MUSSOLINI
STALIN
(RUSSIA/COMMUNISM)
TOJO
(ITALY/FACISM)
(JAPAN/MILITARY IMPERIALISM)
EMPEROR Was HIROHITO.
HITLER
CHURCHILL
(GERMANY/NAZISM)
(ENGLAND/DEMOCRATIC
MONARCHY)
REPLACED CHAMBERLAIN
ROOSEVELT
(U.S./DEMOCRACY)
tRUMAN
BECAME pRESIDENT
UPON HIS DEATH.
THE HOLOCAUST
NAZIS IN GERMANY ORGANIZED
THE MURDER OF MILLIONS OF JEWS
AND OTHER “UNDESIRABLES.”
HITLER HAD WALLED PRISONS
CALLED CONCENTRATION CAMPS
MADE IN GERMANY AND POLAND.
SOME WERE WORK CAMPS, SOME
WERE DEATH CAMPS. OVER 6
MILLION JEWS WERE KILLED (40%
OF THE WORLD’S JEWISH
POPULATION) AND ANOTHER 5
MILLION MADE UP OF GYPSIES, THE
DISABLED, HOMOSEXUALS, AND
NAZI POLITICAL OPPONENTS.
U.S. TROOPS WERE SHOCKED WHEN
THEY LIBERATED THE
CONCENTRATION CAMPS AND
FOUND THE SURVIVORS OF HITLER’S
ATTEMPTS TO EXTERMINATE THE
JEWS AND OTHERS…
B. AMERICAN REACTION TO WAR IN EUROPE
1) CASH & CARRY
2) DESTROYERS FOR BASES
3) LEND-LEASE
($33 billion to GB/$11 billion to Russia)
C. AMERICA IS ATTACKED
December 7, 1941 7:55am
Japan attacks pearl harbor
Sink 8 battleships
(among other vessels)
Kill more than 2,400
Military mistakes:
-OPERATION MAGIC *3 aircraft carriers not in port
(too much to translate)
-radar working (and on)
-B17s scheduled to land
-traffic jam
-subs reported
(thought whales)
AmERIcA GETS INVOLVED…
-dec 1941 amend selective service (1940)
20 to 44
-260,000 women (all branches)
wacs (wOmEN’S ARmY cORPS)
waves (women appointed for vol. Emergency service)
-ON DEFENSIVE FOR 2 YEARS
-STRAIN WITH STALIN (SECOND FRONT)
IN ASIA…
-BAD START (GERMANY FIRST)
-PHILIPPINES (GEN. MACARTHUR)
FDR ORDERS TO AUSTRALIA
“I SHALL RETuRN”
GENERAL WAINWRIGHT
BATAAN DEATH MARCH
-BEGIN BOMBING JAPAN IN 1942
-”ISLAND HOPPING”
MEN OF WAR
OMAR BRADLEY
COMMANDER IN AFRICA, INVASION OF SICILY
DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER
DOUGLAS MACARTHUR
MCARTHUR
GEORGE MARSHALL
CHESTER NIMITZ
GEORGE PATTON
COMMANDED ALLIED FORCES
COMMANDER OF D-DAY
COMMANDER SOUTHWEST PACIFIC
JAPANESE SURRENDER,
CHIEF OF STAFF OF U.S. ARMY
COMMANDER (NAVY) IN PACIFIC
INVASION OF AFRICA,, BATTLE OF BULGE,
MARCH INTO GERMANY
JONATHON WAINWRIGHT
GENERAL AT SURRENDER OF PHILIPPINES; POW
VERNON baker
Vernon
BAKER
Awarded several top military honors, including Medal of
Honor
Groups from the
war
Navajo code talkers
NATIVE AMERICAN INDIANS WERE RECRUITED BY THE MILITARY TO ENCODE,
TRANSMIT AND DECODE MESSAGES. THE NAVAJO LANGUAGE WAS USED TO
DEVELOP A CODE THAT THE JAPANESE COULD NOT BREAK…
The flying tigers
AMERICANS WHO VOLUNTEERED TO SERVE AS PILOTS FIGHING THE JAPNESE
IN CHINA PRIOR TO THE U.S. ENTERING THE WAR
The tuskegee airmen
YOUNG MEN WHO ENLISTED TO BECOME AMERICA’S FIRST BLACK MILTARY
AVIATORS (PILOTS). THEY PARTICIPATED IN OVER 15,000 SORTIES AND
EARNED MORE THAN 100 FLYING CORSSES
D. THE WAR TURNS FOR THE ALLIES
ASIA: MIDWAY/GUADALCANAL
AFRICA: EL AlAMEIN
RUSSIA: STALINGRAD
1944 FDR ELECTED TO FOURTH TERM
DEVELOP POLICY OF
UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER
E. VICTORY IN EUROPE
6 JUNE 1944
D-DAY
“OPERATION OVERLORD”
invasion of normandy(FRANCE)
gen. eisenhower
paris free by aug 25
W/in year meet russians in germany
hitler suicide 30 april 1945
Germany surrenders 7 may 1945
Russia-3 months to join war with japan
F. THE DEATH OF FDR & THE END OF THE WAR.
Death of fdr
(top of war
Casualties list)
12 april 1945
truman has no
clue!!
TRUMAN HAS
TO MAKE BIG
DECISIONS
QuIcKLY…
6 august 1945- hiroshima
(70,000 dead or injured)
9 august 1945- nagasaki
(40,000 dead/60,000 injured)
Japan surrenders 14 august 1945 on
u.s.s. missouri
WHY?
1. SAVE LIVES
2. HAD IT!!
3. RUSSIA
4. PAY BACK!!
WHY NOT TEST IT?
The bomb had been developed
through the Manhattan Project…
-ONLY 1
-WOULD IT WORK?
-POW QUESTION
G. WAR TIME
CONFERENCES
 CASABLANCA
 TEHRAN
 YALTA
ROOSEVELT/CHURCHILL AGREE TO INVADE SICILY & “UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER
ROOSEVELT/CHURCHILL /STALIN AGREE TO GO INTO FRANCE IN 1944, SOVIETS
INVADE GERMANY, SOVIETS TO JOIN WAR AGAINST JAPAN EVENTUALLY
ROOSEVELT/CHURCHILL/ STALIN AGREE TO DIVIDE GERMANY & TO A NEW WORLD
PEACE ORGANIZATION (FUTURE UNITED NATIONS)
 POTSDAM
TRUMAN/ATTLEE/STALIN AGREE WARN JAPAN TO SURRENDER, WAR-CRIME TRIALS OF NAZI S
h. LEGACY OF WAR
-END DEPRESSION
-OSS (CIA/FBI)
-WORK FORCE
-GI BILL
-NATIONAL DEBT
(250 BILLION)
Today:
-UN
$17,522,081,286,763.88
Then:
,,,,,,$250,000,000,000.00
-COLDWAR
300,000 AMERICAN DEAD
ADD “bAbY bOOm” OuT TO
the side of your paper!
800,000 WOUNDED
WWII is remembered as a time
when our nation united in a just
cause. The war was a daily part of
every American’s life.
It was a struggle of good
versus evil and everyone
pitched in to do their
part.
The American workforce changed as
6 million women went to work…
A fictional character named “Rosie
the Riveter” encouraged women to
participate in “making history
working for Victory.”
Rationing affected everyone.
Items such as tires, gas, coffee,
sugar, meat, butter, cheese,
nylon, and cotton were limited to
the public, as well as businesses.
Every American was
expected to do their
part…
Housewives were asked to save
table scraps and fat…
…and
children
collected
old tires,
rubber
shoes,
bathing
caps,
and tin
cans.
They were known as Uncle Sam’s
Scrappers and Tin Can Colonels.
Even children’s toys and cartoons
reflected support for the war effort.
Americans were
encouraged to grow
Victory Gardens to
save on using
ration coupons and to
enable the government to
feed the troops.
Famous entertainers such as Bing
Crosby and Bugs Bunny encouraged
Americans to support the war by
buying bonds.
Actors made training films for the soldiers, acted
in patriotic movies and propaganda clips, and
urged Americans to do their part.
Americans
sent “V
mail” to
the troops
in order
to show their support.
The Office of
War
Information
controlled
radio
broadcasts,
made posters
and newsreels,
and tried to
promote
unrest in
Germany, Italy
and Japan..
JAPANESE-AMERICAN
INTERNMENT
Japanese-Americans were singled out like
no other racial group as President
Franklin Roosevelt signed Executive Order
9066 forcing approximately 120,000
Japanese-Americans into Relocation
Camps.
They were gathered into
temporary relocation centers,
usually set up at local
fairgrounds and racetracks.
Then they
were taken to
one of ten
Relocation
Camps set up
in remote,
isolated areas
and overseen
by the War
Relocation
Authority.
Many in the camps
worked for the
government, earning
twelve to nineteen
dollars a month.
Many of the young men chose
to join the military and
were sent off to fight the
war in Europe.
The 422d Regimental
Combat Team fought
in Europe and was one
of the most decorated
units of the war.
In 1943 the American
Government began to allow
the Japanese Americans to
be released.
In December 1944,
Korematsu v. United
States upheld the
decision of Executive
Order 9066.
The CIVIL LIBERTIES
ACT OF 1988, also known
as the JAPANESEAMERICAN REDRESS
BILL, said that “a grave
injustice was done.”
Congress was to pay each
victim of internment
$20,000 in reparations.
This was sent with a
signed apology from the
President of the United
States.
During the war, a
small number of
German and Italian
resident aliens were
also interned. About
2,000 German alien
residents were sent
back to Germany.
Germans were also
sent from Latin
America to the U.S.
to be used in
prisoner exchanges
with Germany.