Transcript America Moves Toward War

Bell Quiz: (page 552)
Read the “Point/Counterpoint” box and
answer the questions listed below:
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2)
3)
4)
What did isolationists believe about
America’s role in the world?
What was the interventionist position
on America’s world role?
In what way did Lindbergh believe
democracy would be saved?
Why did FDR think the U.S. was
threatened by what was happening in
Europe?
Answers
1)
2)
3)
4)
The U.S. should not “police the world” either
by supplying other countries with money or by
fighting wars.
The U.S. should be actively engaged in
fighting all of the world for peace and the
freedom of others.
Lindbergh believed democracy would not be
saved by force rather it would be saved by
setting an example that other countries would
want to follow.
The Nazi’s were conquering Europe at the time
and eventually the U.S. would be next. Now is
the time to actively defend ourselves.
What do you think
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Add this to your bell quiz:
After WW1 many Americans became
isolationists. Do you recommend that the
United States practice isolationism
today? Why or why not?
Objectives
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Describe the U.S. response to the
outbreak of war in Europe in 1939.
Explain how Roosevelt assisted the
Allies without declaring war.
Summarize the events that brought
the United States into armed conflict
with Germany.
Describe the American response to
the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
Use pages 550-557 to answer the
following questions.
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What was the U.S. response to the outbreak
of war in Europe?
What 3 countries formed the Axis Powers in
1940?
How did Roosevelt assist the Allies without
declaring war (4)?
What events led the United States into
armed conflict with Germany?
Why did the Japanese draw the U.S. into
WWII by attacking Pearl Harbor?
U.S. Moving Away from
Neutrality
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1939, Franklin Roosevelt convinced congress to revise
the Neutrality Act.
FDR persuaded Congress to pass a “cash-and carry”
provision.
• Allowed warring nations to buy arms and weapons
from the U.S. as long as they paid cash and
transported them in their own ships.
FDR asked Congress to increase spending for national
defense.
Congress also passed the Selective Training and
Service Act (Draft).
Congress passed the Lend-Lease Act in March 1941.
Under the Lend-Lease Plan the president would lend or
lease arms and other supplies to “any country whose
defense was vital to the United States.”
The Axis Powers (1940)
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September 7, 1940,
Germany, Italy, and Japan
signed the Tripartite Pact as
a mutual defense treaty.
Germany, Italy, and Japan
were now the Axis Powers.
Under the Tripartite Pact
each Axis nation agreed to
come to the defense of the
others in case of attack.
The Tripartite Pact’s goal was
to keep the U.S. out of the
war.
June 1941, Hitler broke the
nonaggression pact and
invaded the Soviet Union.
German U-boats
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Hitler deployed German
submarines (U-boats) to
attack supply ships.
Groups of 40 submarines
patrolled areas in the
North Atlantic and
attacked convoys of
supply ships (wolf pack
attacks).
Could sink as much as
350,000 tons of
shipments in a single
month.
September 1941,
Roosevelt granted the
navy permission for U.S.
warships to attack
Germany U-boats in selfdefense.
Atlantic Charter
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Roosevelt and Churchill met secretly aboard the
battleship USS Augusta.
Churchill hoped for a U.S. military commitment,
but instead settled for the Atlantic Charter–a joint
declaration of goals for Post WWII Europe IF the
U.S. should enter the war and the allies win AND
how to maintain world wide peace after WWII.
The Atlantic Charter also established the United
Nations on paper.
Allies: the nations that fought the Axis powers.
The Big 3 were the U.S., Great Britain, and the
Soviet Union.
The Declaration of the United Nations was signed
by 26 nations.
Japan Attacks
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Japan was led by Prime Minister Hideki Tojo and Emperor
Hirohito.
Goal was to unite East Asia under Japanese rule.
U.S. protested Japanese aggression by cutting off trade (oil
embargo).
December 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, the largest
U.S. naval base in the Pacific.
In less than 2 hours, the Japanese had killed 2,403
Americans and wounded 1,178.
21 ships had been sunk or damaged, nearly the whole U.S.
Pacific fleet.
300 airplanes destroyed.
Congress quickly approved Roosevelt’s request for a
declaration of war against Japan.
3 days later, Germany and Italy declared war on the United
States.
Video
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http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hs
w/12280-pearl-harbor-the-attackbegins-video.htm