Transcript World War II: War With Japan

World War II: War With Japan
Campbell High School
American Studies
I.
Japan’s Early Success
1. Attack on Pearl Harbor was a
partial success
A. Pearl Harbor was last
obstacle to Japanese
dominance in East Asia
B. If Japan could destroy US
Pacific fleet, then Japan
would control Asia
2. Attack on Pearl Harbor was
not a total success
A. no aircraft carriers were
in Pearl Harbor
B. oil tanks not destroyed
C. Americans enraged
3. Link: Pearl Harbor
II. Other Japanese Successes
1. 1941: Japan controls
Malaysia, Thailand,
Hong Kong
2. 1942:
Japan
captures Philippines
(General MacArthur
retreats from
islands declaring “I
shall return.”)
III. Battle of Midway Islands
1. If Japanese control Midway Islands, then Pearl Harbor would
be within Japanese bomber range.
2. Battle of aircraft carriers
3. US wins a decisive battle
4. Link: Battle of Midway
IV. Island Hopping
1. US decides to recapture only
the most valuable Pacific
Islands Japan controls.
2. known as “island hopping”
or “leap frogging” and
permits MacArthur to “return”
3. By October, 1944
A. US had recaptured
Mariana Island; Tokyo now
within range of US bombers
B. US wins Battle of Leyke
Gulf; US in command of
Pacific
4. Links: Iwo Jima
V. The Manhattan Project
1. US had been working on
development of atomic
bomb for several years
2. Research known as the
Manhattan Project
3. July, 1945 US makes a
successful test explosion of
bomb
4. July 26, 1945: US sends
warning to Japan to
surrender or face “prompt
and utter destruction.”
5. Japan does not surrender
Niels Bohr; Robert Oppenheimer; Richard
Feynman; Enrico Fermi
VI. Dropping the Atomic Bombs
1. US convinced by
battles in Pacific that
Japanese would fight
to the last person
2. Estimated an invasion
of Japan would cause
one million American
deaths and 500,000
British deaths
3. Link: Okinawa
VII. Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1. On August 6, 1945, US
drops atomic bomb on
Hiroshima.
2. August 9, 1945, US
drops second atomic
bomb on Nagasaki
3. Japan sues for peace
the next day
4. Japan formally
surrenders on Sept. 2,
1945 (V-J Day)
5. Link:Nagasaki
VIII.The Aftermath of The Bombs
1. 200,000 Japanese immediately killed or wounded by
bomb
2. Hiroshima and Nagasaki leveled
3. President Truman says:
“The atomic bomb is too dangerous to be let loose in a lawless world. That
is why Great Britain, Canada, and the United States, who have the secrets
of its production, do not intend to reveal that secret until measures have
been found to control the bomb.”
4. Stalin, who distrusts the US and England to begin with,
becomes even more distrustful because US has the
bomb but the Soviet Union does not.
5. This difference launches the US and the USSR into
the greatest arms race in history (“The Cold War”).
IX. WWII Casualties
1. World War II was the deadliest war in history
2. Between 15 and 20 million military personnel were killed in
action
A. Germany 3.5 million battle dead B. Japan 1.5 million
C. USSR 7.5 million
D. Italy 200,000
E. China 2.2 million
F. Britain over 300,000
G. United States 292,000
H. France 210,000
3. Civilian dead numbered approximately 25 million
A. USSR more than 10 million
B. China at least 6 million
C. France 400,000
D. England 65,000
E. Germany 500,000
F. Japan over 600,000
G. Italy 145,000
H. United States 6,000
I. About six million Jewish Holocaust victims
X. Dollar Costs of WWII
1. Expenditures for war materials and
armaments totaled at least $1.154
trillion ($1.154 x 109 or
$1,154,000,000,000)
2. United States alone spent about $300
billion
3. Germany about $231 billion
4. In addition, inestimable property
damage in Europe and Japan